Royal dynasties of the world. Ruling dynasties of Europe
Despite the fact that we live in a world where there is more and more talk about democracy and the electoral system, dynastic traditions are still strong in many countries. All dynasties in Europe are similar to each other. Moreover, each dynasty is special in its own way.
Windsors (Great Britain), since 1917
The youngestBritish monarchs are genealogically representatives of the Hanoverian and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasties, and more broadly of the Wettins, who had fiefdoms in Hanover and Saxony.
During the First World War, King George V decided that it was wrong to be called in German and in 1917 a proclamation was issued, according to which the descendants of Queen Victoria, representing the Hanoverian dynasty, and Prince Albert in the male line were declared members of the new House of Windsor - British subjects, and in 1952, Elizabeth II improved the document in her favor, declaring her descendants who are not descendants of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in the male line to be members of the house. That is, de facto, from the point of view of normal monarchical genealogy, Prince Charles and his descendants are not Windsors, the dynasty is interrupted by Elizabeth II, and they belong to the Glucksburg branch of the House of Oldenburg, which rules in Denmark and Norway, because Elizabeth’s husband, Prince Philip, is from there. By the way, the Russian Emperor Peter III and all his descendants in the male line are also from the House of Oldenburg by blood.
Bernadotte (Sweden), from 1810
The most revolutionaryThe son of a lawyer from Gascony, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte chose a military career and became a general during the French Revolution. His relationship with Napoleon did not work out from the very beginning; the ambitious Gascon considered himself better than Bonaparte, but he fought very successfully for the emperor. In 1810, the Swedes offered him to become the adopted son of a childless king, and, after he accepted Lutheranism, they approved him as crown prince, and soon as regent and de facto ruler of Sweden. He entered into an alliance with Russia and fought against the French in 1813-1814, personally leading the troops. So the current ruler, Carl XVI Gustav, is very similar to the Gascon with his nose.
Glücksburg (Denmark, Norway), from 1825
The most RussianThe full name of the dynasty is Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glucksburg. And they themselves are a branch of the House of Oldenburg, the interweaving of whose descendants are extremely complex; they ruled in Denmark, Norway, Greece, the Baltic states, and even under the name of the Romanovs - in Russia. The fact is that Peter III and his descendants, according to all dynastic rules, are just Glücksburg. In Denmark, the Glucksburg throne is currently represented by Margrethe II, and in Norway by Harald V.
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, from 1826
The most accommodatingThe family of the Dukes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha originates from the ancient German house of Wettin. As was customary in the 18th-19th centuries, the descendants of various German branches of the ancient ruling houses were actively used in dynastic marriages. And so the Saxe-Coburg-Gothas did not spare their offspring for the common cause. Catherine II was the first to establish this tradition by marrying her grandson Konstantin Pavlovich, Duchess Juliana (in Russia - Anna).
Then Anna betrothed her relative Leopold to the British Princess Charlotte, and his sister Victoria, married to Edward of Kent, gave birth to a daughter, Victoria, who would become the most famous British queen. And her son Prince Alfred (1844-1900), Duke of Edinburgh, married Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna, sister of Alexander III. In 1893, the prince inherited the title of Duke of Coburg and it turned out that an Englishman and a Russian were at the head of the German family. Their granddaughter Princess Alix became the wife of Nicholas II. The Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty is now genealogically on the British throne and completely, without any reservations, in the Belgian in the person of Philip Leopold Louis Marie.
Orange dynasty (Netherlands), from 1815
The most power-hungryThe descendants of the glorious William of Orange regained influence in the Netherlands only after the final defeat of Napoleon, when the Congress of Vienna established monarchical rule there. The wife of the second king of the Netherlands, Willem II, was the sister of Alexander I and the daughter of Paul I, Anna Pavlovna, so the current king, Willem Alexander, is the great-great-great-great-grandson of Paul I. In addition, the modern royal family, although it continues to consider itself part of the Orange dynasty, is actually the grandmother of Willem Alexander Juliana belongs to the House of Mecklenburg, and Queen Beatrix belongs to the Westphalian princely House of Lippe. This dynasty can be called power-hungry because the three previous queens abdicated the throne in favor of their descendants.
Bourbons of Parma (Luxembourg), since 1964
The most seedyIn general, the Parma Bourbon line was at one time a fairly famous and ambitious Italian dynasty, but it fell into almost complete decline with the loss of its fiefs at the end of the 19th century. So she would have vegetated, being a more or less successful aristocratic family, but one of the offspring, Felix, married the Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, Charlotte of Orange. So the Bourbons of Parma became the ruling dynasty of the dwarf state of Luxembourg and lead a modest life, raising children, protecting wildlife and preserving the Luxembourgish language. The status of an offshore zone and 200 banks per microcountry allows them not to think about their daily bread.
Liechtenstein (Liechtenstein), since 1607
The most nobleThroughout its rich history - the house has been known since the 12th century - they have not gotten involved in big politics, perhaps because at the very beginning they realized that they could part with everything quite quickly. They acted slowly, cautiously, helped the powers that be - they far-sightedly bet on the Habsburgs, created successful alliances, easily changed religion, either leading the Lutherans or returning to Catholicism. Having received the status of imperial princes, the Liechtensteins did not seek to intermarry with foreign families and strengthened their dynastic ties within the Holy Roman Empire.
Actually, Liechtenstein was at first a secondary possession for them, which they acquired, since their overlord was de jure the emperor, in order to enter the Reichstag and increase their political importance. Then they became related to the Habsburgs, who confirmed their homogeneity, and to this day the Liechtensteins are distinguished by great attention to dynastic ties, marrying only with high-ranking nobles. It is worth adding to what has been said that GDP per capita in Liechtenstein is second in the world after Qatar - $141,000 per year. This is not least due to the fact that the dwarf state is a tax haven where various companies can hide from the taxes of their countries, but not only. Liechtenstein has a thriving high-tech industry.
Grimaldi (Monaco), from 1659
The most rootlessGrimaldi is one of the four families that ruled the Genoese Republic. Since constant skirmishes took place there in the 12th - 14th centuries between supporters of the power of the pope, the Ghibellines, and the emperor, the Guelphs, Grimaldi had to periodically run around nearby Europe. That's how they found Monaco for themselves. In 1659, the owners of Monaco accepted the princely title and received the title of Dukes de Valentinois from Louis XIII. They spent almost all their time at the French court. But this is all in the past, and in 1733 the family was cut short, and those who are now Grimaldi actually descend from the Duke of Estuteville, who was obliged by the marriage contract to take his surname by the rulers of Monaco. The current Prince Albert and his sisters are descended from the marriage of Count Polignac with the illegitimate daughter of Prince Louis II, who ruled the principality from 1922 to 1949. But Albert’s lack of nobility more than makes up for it with the publicity he works for the principality.
Princes of Andorra - Bishops of Urgell, from the 6th century
The most ancientSince 1278, Andorra has had two prince-rulers - the Bishop of Urgell and someone from France, first the Count of Foix, then the King of Navarre, and now the president of the republic. Episcopal rule is a historical atavism of the secular rule of the Catholic Church. The Urgell, or, more correctly, Urgell diocese was founded in the 6th century, and since then the bishops have traced their genealogy. The current prince is Bishop Joan Enric Vives i Sisilla, a theologian, practicing priest and social activist. But for us, of particular interest in the history of Andorra and the bishops of Urgell is 1934, when they were removed from the throne by the Russian adventurer Boris Skosyrev. He came to Andorra, proclaimed himself king, and either the instigated or bribed General Council of the country supported him. The new king issued a lot of liberal documents, but when he decided to make a gambling zone there, the previously loyal bishop rebelled. And although King Boris I declared war on him, he still won, calling reinforcements from Spain of five national guards.
Spanish Bourbons (since 1713)
The most extensiveEveryone knows that recently the Spanish Bourbons are the most disgraced, but they are also the most extensive of the Bourbons historically. They have as many as six lateral branches, including the most significant - Carlist - from the Infanta Don Carlos the Elder. At the beginning of the 19th century, he was the purest contender for the Spanish throne, but due to the pragmatic sanction of Ferdinand VII in 1830, who transferred the throne to his daughter Isabella, he remained out of work. A strong party formed behind Carlos, he started two wars, called Carlist (his grandson Carlos the Younger participated in the third). The Carlist movement in Spain was significant until the 1970s; formally it still exists, but it has no significance in politics, although they have their own contender for the throne - Carlos Hugo.
The oldest ruling dynasties of Europe (versions)
INFO-GENEALOG Russian-language site about the genealogy of aristocratic families of the world
http://gugukaran.narod.ru/Geneolog.html
The genealogy of the Franks from the Trojan Priam, through later kinship with the Cimmerians.
Priam (Gift), king of Troy, w1- Arisba, w2- Laothoi, daughter of Alpha, king of the Lelegs, w3- Castianira, w4- Hecuba
1(1). Esak, w- Asterope
2(2). Polidar
3(2). Lycaon
4(3). Gorgifion
5(4). Ilion, m - Polymestor, king of Thrace
5.1. Deipila
6(4). Hector, f-Andromache, daughter of Eetion, king of Lyrnessos
6.1. Astyanax (Scamandria)
7(4). Paris (Alexander), w1- Oenone, nymph, w2- Helen
7.1(1). Korif
7.2(2). Elena Younger
7.3(2). Bunik
7.4(2). Agan
7.5(2). Ideas
8(4). Creusa, m- Aeneas, King Lavinius
9(4). Laodice, m1- Helikaon, son of Antenor and Theano, daughter of Kisseus, king of Thrace, m2- Akamant I
10(4). Polyxena
11(4). Cassandra, m- Agamemnon, king of Mycenae
12(4). Helen (Helen), king of the Molossians, w1-?, widow of Phoenix, king of the Molossians, w2- Andromache, daughter of Eetion, king of Lyrnessos, see From Helen of Troy to the Merovingians
http://gugukaran.narod.ru/miph/priamids.html#helen
PAINTINGS
ANCIENT GREEK MYTHOLOGY
DESCENDANTS OF HELENOS OF TROJAN
Helen (Helen), king of the Molossians, w1-?, widow of Phoenix, king of the Molossians, w2- Andromache, daughter of Eetion, king of Lyrnessos
1(1). Genger
1.1. Franco
1.1.1. Esdron
1.1.1.1. Helio (Gelio, Selio)
1.1.1.1.1. Basabiliano (I)
1.1.1.1.1.1. Placerio (I)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Plesron, Plasron (I)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Eliacor
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Gaberiano
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Placerio (II)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Antenor (II)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Priam (II)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Helenus (II)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Plesron, Plasron (II)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Basabiliano (II)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Alexander (Alexander, Alexandre)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Priam (III)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Getmalor
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Almadion, Almodian
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Diluglik (Dilulgic, Diluglie)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Helenus (III)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Placerio (Plaserio, Plasenio) (III)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Diluglio
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Marconir (Marcomir)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Priam (Priam, Driam) (IV)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Helenus (IV)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Antenor (III) (+433 BC), king of the Cimmerians on the Black Sea, see Kings of the Cimmerians and Sycambrians
http://gugukaran.narod.ru/miph/helenids.html#antenor3
KINGS OF THE CIMMERIANS AND SYCAMBRIANS
Antenor (III) (+433 BC), king of the Cimmerians on the Black Sea
1. Marcomir I (+412 BC), king of the Cimmerians
1.1. Antenor (IV), king of the Cimmerians, f-Cambra, in her honor the Cimmerian tribe changed their name to Sycambrians
1.1.1. Priam (Priamus, Priam, Prenus) (V) (+358 BC), king of the Sycambrians
1.1.1.1. Helenus (V) (+339 BC), king of the Sycambres
1.1.1.1.1. Diocles (+300 BC), king of the Sycambri
1.1.1.1.1.1. Bassanus Magnus (+241 BC), king of the Sicambres, f-?, daughter of Orcades, king of Norway
1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Clodomir (Clodimir) I (+232 BC), king of the Sycambrians (or husband of Sedanus, daughter of Bassan Magna)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Nicanor (+198 BC), king of the Sycambri
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Marcomir II (+170 BC), king of the Sycambrians
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Clodius I (+159 BC), king of the Sycambri
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Antenor (V) (+143 BC), king of the Sycambres
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Clodomir (Clodimir) II (+123 BC), king of the Sycambrians
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Nepodicus (+95), king of the Sycambres
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Cassander (+74 BC), king of the Sycambri
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Antarius or Octavius (+39 BC), king of the Sycambrians
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Frank (Francus) (+11 BC), king of the Sicambri, in her honor the Sicambri tribe changed their name to Franks,
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Claude
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Clodius (Clodie) II (+20 AD), king of the West Franks
see First kings of the Franks
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
THE FIRST KINGS OF THE FRANKS
Clodius (Clodie) II (+20 AD), king of the West Franks
1. Marcomir III (+50), king of the West Franks
1.1. Clodomir, Clodemir III (+63), king of the West Franks
1.1.1. Antenor (VI) (+69), king of the West Franks
1.1.1.1. Ratherius (+90), king of the Franks
1.1.1.1.1. Richemel (Richemer) I (+114), king of the Franks, w- Ascyla
1.1.1.1.1.1. Odomar (Odomir) (+128), king of the Franks
1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Marcomir IV (+149), king of the Franks, w- Atilda of Britain (90-129)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Clodomir (Clodmir) IV (+166), king of the Franks, f-Hafilda, princess of Russia
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Farabert (+186), king of the Franks
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Sanno, Sunno, Huano (+213), king of the Franks
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Hilderic (+253), king of the Franks
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Berther (Bertherus, Bartherus) (+272), king of the Franks
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Clodius III (+298), king of the Franks
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Walter (+306), king of the Franks
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Dagobert I (+317), King/Duke of the East Franks, see PART 2
Dagobert I (+317), King/Duke of the East Franks
1. Clodius IV, King of the Franks
2. Clodomir V, King of the West Franks
2.1. Richemel II, King/Duke of the West Franks, w. Matilda
2.1.1. Theodomir, King/Duke of the West Franks
2.1.1.1. Clodius (V), King/Duke of the West Franks
2.1.1.1.1. Dagobert (III), King/Duke of the West Franks
2.1.1.1.1.1. Genebald, King/Duke of the West Franks
2.1.1.1.1.1.1. Argotta, m- Pharamond (+425), king of the Franks
3. Genebad (Genebad) (+358), Duke of the East Franks
3.1. Dagobert (II) (+379), Duke of the East Franks
3.1.1. Clodius (VI), Duke of the East Franks
3.1.1.1. Marcomir (V) (+404), Duke of the East Franks
3.1.1.1.1. Pharamond (+425), king of the Franks, w- Argotta
3.1.1.1.1.1. Clodius (VII) (+445), king of the Franks, f- Basina of Thuringia (*398), daughter of Wedelf of Thuringia
3.1.1.1.1.1.1. Merovei (415-457), king of the Franks, w- Verica, see Merovingians
3.1.1.1.1.1.2. Alberic (+491), f-Argotta, daughter of Theodoric of Verona
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1. Vambert, f-Lucilla
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1. Ansbert of Moselle (+570), w- Blytilda, daughter of Clothar I, king of the Franks
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.1. Arnold (562-601), w- Ada of Swabia
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.1.1. Arnold of Saint Geristal, Bishop of Metz (582-641), w. 611 Doda of Savoy
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.1.1.1. Clodulf (615-718), Duke of Austrasia, see Dukes of Moselle
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.1.1.2. Ansegisel (Angelik, Ansegiz), maordom of Austrasia (602-685/694), w. Begga of Landen (+698), see Carolingians
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.1.2. Itta de Metz (597-652), m- Pepin I (591-639), Major of Austrasia, Duke of Brabant (father - Carloman (570-615), Major of Austrasia, son of Charles, Count of Brabant)
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.1.2.1. Grimoald I (+656), Majordomo of Austrasia
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.1.2.2. Begga of Landen (+698), m- Ansegisel, mayor of Austrasia (+685)
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.2. Gertrude (+615), m-Rikemer, Duke of the Franks
3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1.2.1. Gerberga, m-Eggo (+646)
http://gugukaran.narod.ru/europa1000/frank.html
INFO-GENEALOG
PAINTINGS
ANCIENT ROME
ASPARAS AND AREOVINDS
Flavius Ardabur (the Elder), consul of the East in 427
1. Flavius Ardabur Aspar (+471), “ruler of the Eastern Roman Empire”, consul of the West in 433, all-powerful patrician and commander under the emperors Marcian and Leo I, w- ? (sister (? or daughter) of Triarius)
1.1. Flavius Ardavur (the Younger), patrician, consul of the East in 447
1.1.1. Godisthea (Diagisthea), m- Flavius Dagalaf, consul of the East in 461, son of Flavius Areovinda, patrician and consul of the East in 434
1.1.1.1. Flavius Areovind Dagalaf Areovind, consul of the East in 506, emperor in 512, w- from 482 Julia Anicia Flavia
1.1.1.1.1. Flavius Anicius Olybrius Probus (+between 524 and 527), consul of the East in 491, f-Irene
1.1.1.1.1.1. Prob (+542), w- Avien
1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Sample, m-Rogas, committee of Libya
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Evdokia Fabia Proba (+13.08.612), m-imp. Heraclius I (575-11.02.641), see HERAKLEAN DYNASTY
1.1.1.1.1.2. Sample, m- Sample
1.1.1.1.1.2.1. Juliana, m- Anastasius (possibly the grandson of Empress Theodora, wife of Emperor Justinian I)
1.1.1.1.1.2.1.1. Areowind
1.1.1.1.1.2.1.2. Proba, m-George
1.1.1.1.1.2.1.3. Placidia, m-John Mystacon
1.1.1.1.2. Dagalaf
1.1.1.1.2.1(possibly). Areowind (+546), w- Prejekta
2.2. Julius Patricius (+471), Caesar in 470, w- from 470 Leontius
2.3. Germanarich (Ermanarich, Germinerik) the Younger
Http://gugukaran.narod.ru/roma/asparii_areobindii.html
News on this site ceased forever in 2004. But there is a chance to have time to download some useful data from it. They must be checked on the Internet, taking into account modern scientific concepts.
INFO-GENEALOG
Russian-language site about the genealogy of aristocratic families of the world
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PAINTINGS
ANCIENT GREEK MYTHOLOGY
Descendants of Chaos
DESCENDANTS OF CHAOS
Chaos
1. Erebus-Darkness, w- Nikta-Night, see Descendants of Erebus and Nikta
2. Tartarus, w- Gaia-Earth, see Descendants of Tartarus and Gaia
3. Nikta-Night, m- Erebus-Gloom
4. Gaia-Earth, m1- Uranus-Sky, m2- Pont-Sea, m3- Tartarus, m4- Zeus, m5- Poseidon, m6- Hephaestus
4.1. Uranus-Sky, w-Gaia-Earth, see Descendants of Uranus and Gaia
4.2. Acheron, river god, w- Orphne, nymph
4.2.1. Ascalaf
4.3. Python, dragon
4.4. Alp
4.5. Leleg (Lelex), king of Megara and Lacedaemon, w- Peridea
4.5.1. Miletus (Miles), king of Laconia
4.5.1.1. Eurotantus, river god, king of Laconia
4.5.1.1.1. Sparta, m - Lacedaemon, king of Sparta
4.5.2. Kleson, king of Megara
4.5.2.1. Kleso
4.5.2.2. Tauropolis
4.5.2.3. Pylas, king of Megara
4.5.2.3.1. Pilia, m-Pandion, 8th king of Athens
4.5.2.3.2. Skiron
4.5.3. Biant
4.5.4. Polykaon, king of Messenia, w- Messene
4.5.5. Bumolkh
4.5.6. Ferampa
4.6. Actaeus, King of Actea
4.6.1. Aglavra I, m- Cecrops I, 1st king of Athens
4.7. Cecrops I, 1st king of Athens, w- Aglavra I
4.7.1. Erysichthon
4.7.2. Aglavra II, m-Ares
4.7.2.1. Alkippa, m-Evpalam
4.7.3. Gersa
4.7.4. Pandrosa
4.8. Kranai, 2nd king of Athens, w. Pedias, daughter of Mines
4.8.1. Kranaikhma
4.8.2. Attida
4.8.3. Kranaya, m - Amphictyon, 3rd king of Athens
4.9. Gill
4.10. Damasen
4.11. Cres, king of Crete
4.11.1. Olympus
4.11.2. Melisseus, king of Crete
4.11.2.1. Adrastea
4.11.2.2. Amalthea
4.11.2.3. Melissa
4.11.2.4. Ida
4.12. Fliy
4.12.1. Kelen
4.12.1.1. Kavkon
4.13. Anact
4.13.1. Asterius
5. Eros-Love
Descendants of Erebus and Nyx
Erebus-Darkness, w- Nikta-Night
1. Gemera-Day
2. Ether-Light, w- Gaia-Earth
2.1. Pontus-Sea, w-Gaia-Earth, see Descendants of Pontus and Gaia
3. Chiron
4. Thanat-Death
5. Hypnos-Sleep
5.1. Morpheus-Nightmare
6. Eris-Discord, m-Zeus
6.1. Ata-Misconception
6.2. Lim-Hunger
6.3. Algos-Bol
6.4. Mania-Madness
6.5. Lef-Oblivion
6.6. Mon-Punishment
6.7. Gork-Oath
6.8. Anarchy
6.9. Lie
6.10. Murder
6.11. Battle
6.12. Dispute
7. Nemesis-Revenge
8. Mom-Taunt
9. Apata-Deception
10. Geras-Old Age
11. Aglaya, hesperides
12. Erithia, Hesperides
13. Hesperaretus, hesperid
Descendants of Pontus and Gaia
DESCENDANTS OF PONT AND GAYS
Pont-Sea, w-Gaia-Earth
1. Keto, titanide, m-Phorcys, sea god
2. Thaumant, giant sea god, f-Electra, oceanid
2.1. Keleno, the harpy
2.2. Gout, harpy, m- Zephyr, god of the west wind
2.3. Ocypete, the harpy
2.4. Aella, the harpy
2.5. Iris-Rainbow, messenger of the gods
3. Nereus, sea elder, f-Doris, oceanid
3.1. Nerite
3.2. Thetis, Nereid, m- Peleus, king of Thessaly
3.3. Psamatha, Nereid, m-Eak, king of the Myrmidons
3.4. Amphitrite, Nereid, M-Poseidon
3.4.1. Bentesichima
3.4.2. Triton, sea god
3.4.2.1. Pallant
3.4.2.2. Tritia, sea goddess, m-Ares
3.4.2.2.1. Melanippus
4. Phorky, sea god, w1- Keto, titanide, w2- Krateida, nymph
4.1(1). Stheno, gorgon
4.2(1). Euryale, gorgon, m- Poseidon
4.2.1. Orion, f-Sedea
4.2.1.1. Metioche, coronida
4.2.1.2. Menippe, coronida
4.3(1). Medusa, gorgon, m- Poseidon
4.3.1. Pegasus, winged horse
4.3.2. Chrysaor, monster, f-Callirhoe, oceanid
4.3.2.1. Geryon, the monster
4.3.2.2. Echidna, monster, m1- Typhon, monster, m2- Orphus, dog, m3- Hercules
4.4(1). Toosa, nymph, m- Poseidon
4.4.1. Polyphemus, Cyclops
4.5(1). Enyo, the harpy
4.6(1). Pemphredo, the harpy
4.7(1). Dino, harpy
4.8(1). Palm, dragon
4.9(1). Giant snake
4.10(2). Scylla, the monster
5 Eurybia, titanide, m- Crius, titanium
6. Galia (Leucothea), m1- Poseidon, m2- Zeus
6.1(1). Rhoda, nymph, m-Helios-Sun
6.2(2). Demodica
6.3(2). Pactol
6.3.1. Euryanassa, nymph, m- Tantalus I, king of Phrygia
Descendants of Tartarus and Gaia
Tartarus, w-Gaia-Earth
1. Typhon, monster, w- Echidna, monster
1.1. Chimera
1.2. Orf, dog, w- Echidna, monster
1.2.1. Nemean lion
1.2.2. Sphinx
1.2.3. Faea
1.3. Cerberus, the hound of hell
1.4. Lernaean Hydra
1.5. Giant eagle
Descendants of Uranus and Gaia
Uranus-Sky, w-Gaia-Earth
1. Ocean, Titan, w- Tethys, Titanide, w2- Gaia-Earth, w3- Parthenope, w4- Argia, see Descendants of Ocean and Tethys
1.1(2). Creusa (Philira), nymph, m-Peneus, river god
1.2(3). Europe
1.3(3). Thrace
1.4(4). Melia, nymph, m-Inach, river god
1.5(?). Kaanf
2. Iapetus, titan, f-Clymene, oceanid, see Descendants of Iapetus and Clymene
3. Hyperion, titanium, w- Theia, titanide, see Descendants of Hyperion and Theia
4. Crius, titanium, f- Eurybia, titanide, see Descendants of Crius and Eurybia
5. Coy, titanium, f- Phoebe, titanide, see Descendants of Koy and Phoebe
6. Kron, titan, zh1- Rhea, titanide, z2- Philira, oceanid
6.1(1). Hestia
6.2(1). Demeter, m1- Iasion, m2- Zeus, m3- Poseidon
6.3(1). Hera, m-Zeus
6.4(1). Hades (Hades), w- Persephone
6.5(1). Poseidon, see Descendants of Poseidon
6.6(1). Zeus, see Descendants of Zeus
6.7(2). Chiron, centaur, f- Chariklo, oceanid
6.7.1. Hippa, m-Eolus, king of Orchomenus and Thessaly
6.8(?). Nin, king of Nineveh and Babylon, and Semiramis, queen of Nineveh and Babylon
7. Tethys, titanide, m-Ocean, titanium
8. Rhea, titanide, m1- Cronus, titanium, m2- Iasion, m3- Gordius
9. Theia, titanide, m- Hyperion, titanium
10. Phoebe, titanide, m- Coy, titanium
11. Mnemosyne, titanide, m-Zeus, see Muses and their descendants
12. Themis, titanide, m-Zeus
13. Bronte, Cyclops
14. Steropus, Cyclops
15. Arg, Cyclops
16. Cottus, hecatoncheires
17. Briareus, hecatoncheires
17.1. Etna, nymph, m-Hephaestus
17.1.1. Taleia, m-Zeus
17.2. Sican
17.2.1. Polyphemus
17.2.2. Antiphatus, king of the Laestrygonians
17.2.3. Cyclops
18. Gius, hecatoncheires
19. Tisiphone, Erinyes
20. Alecto, Erinia
21. Megaera, Erinyes
22. Aphrodite, m1- Hermes, m2- Ares, m3- Hephaestus, m4- Booth
23. Kalidnus, king of Thebes
Descendants of Oceanus and Tethys
Ocean, titanium, w1- Tethys, titanide
1.1. Callirhoe, oceanid, m1- Nile, river god, m2- Man, king of Lydia, m3- Chrysaor, monster
1.2. Perseid, oceanid, m-Helios-Sun
1.3. Chariklo, oceanid, m-Chiron, centaur
1.4. Eurynome, oceanid, m1- Ophion, serpent-lord of Olympus, m2- Zeus, m3- Orham
1.4.1(3). Levkotoya, m-Helios-Sun
1.4.1. Asopus, river god, king of Plataea, f-Metopes, nymph, see Asopidae
1.4.2. Thalia, harita
1.4.3. Euphrosyne, charita
1.4.4. Aglaya, harita
1.5. Melia, oceanid, m-Apollo
1.5.1. Tener
1.5.2. Ismen
1.5.2.1. Strophy
1.5.2.2. Dirka, m-Like II, king of Thebes
1.6. Doris, oceanid, m- Nereus, sea elder
1.7. Pleione, oceanid, m- Atlas (Atlas), titanium
1.8. Oquirrhoa, oceanid, m-Helios-Sun
1.9. Clymene, oceanid, m1- Iapetus, titanium, m2- Helios-Sun
1.10. Meliboe, oceanid, m-Pelasgus I, king of Arcadia
1.11. Pluto, oceanid, m-Zeus
1.11.1. Tantalus I, king of Phrygia, w1- Dione, hyades, w2- Euryanassa, nymph, see Tantalids
1.12. Metis, oceanid, m-Zeus
1.12.1. Por, f- Singing
1.12.2. Athena
1.13. Electra, oceanid, m-Taumant, giant sea god
1.14. Ladon, river god, w1- Gaia-Earth, w2- Stymphalis
1.14.1(1). Daphne, nymph
1.14.2(2). Themis, nymph, m-Hermes
1.14.2.1. Evander
1.14.2.1.1. Dirney
1.14.2.1.2. Thomas
1.14.2.1.3. Pallant
1.14.3(2). Metope. nymph, m-Asopus, river god, king of Plataea
1.15. Peneus, river god, f- Creusa (Philyra), nymph, see Penaeids
1.16. Mel, river god, f- Kriteida, nymph, daughter of Apella
1.17. Krimis, river god, w- Egesta (Segesta)
1.17.1. Egest (Akest), king of Drepanon
1.18. Cephisus, river god, w- Lavriope, nymph
1.18.1. Narcissus
1.18.2. Diogeny, nymph, m- Thrasim
1.18.2.1. Praxithea II, m- Erechtheus, 6th king of Athens
1.19. Nile, river god, w- Callirhoe, oceanid
1.19.1. Memphida, nymph, m- Epaphus, king of Egypt
1.19.2. Ankhinoe, nymph, m1- Proteus, king of Egypt, m2- Bel, king of Egypt and Libya, m3- Siphon, king of Chersonesos
1.19.2.1(1). Cabiro, m- Hephaestus
1.19.2.1.1. Kadmil
1.19.2.1.1.1. Alcon
1.19.2.1.1.2. Eurymedon
1.19.3. Europa, nymph, m- Danaus, king of Argos
1.19.4. Khione, nymph
1.20. Asterion, river god
1.20.1. Prosimna, nymph
1.20.2. Euboea, nymph
1.20.3. Acrea, nymph
1.21. Eridanus, river god
1.21.1. Praxithea I, m- Erichthonius, 4th king of Athens
1.21.2. Zeuxippa, m- Pandion I, 5th king of Athens
1.22. Simoid, river god
1.22.1. Astyochus I, nymph, m- Erichthonius, king of the Dardans
1.22.2. Hieromnena, nymph, m-Assarak, king of the Dardans
1.23. Meander, river god
1.23.1. Kalam
1.23.2. Kianea, nymph
1.23.3. Callirhoe, nymph
1.23.4. Samia, nymph
1.24. Keakin, river god
1.24.1. Evfim
1.25. Aksiy, river god
1.25.1. Asteropeia
1.26. Kebren, river god
1.26.1. Oenone, nymph, m-Paris (Alexander)
1.27. Ahelous, river god, f-Melpomene, muse
1.27.1. Callirhoe, nymph, m- Alcmaeon, king of Argos
1.27.2. Castalia, nymph, m-Delphi, king of Delphi
1.27.3. Lygia, nymph
1.27.4. Leucosia, nymph
1.27.5. Parthenope, nymph
1.28. Alpheus, river god, king Far, w-Telegon
1.28.1. Ortilochus (Orsioloch) I, king of Far
1.28.1.1. Diocles (Diocles), king of Faras
1.28.1.1.1. Anticlea, m1- Machaon, m2- Hephaestus
1.28.1.1.1.1(2). Periphetus
1.28.1.1.2. Crephon
1.28.1.1.3. Ortilochus (Orsiolochus) II
1.29. Imbras, river god, f-Hesias, nymph
1.29.1. Oquirrhoya, nymph, m-Apollo
1.29.1.1. Imbras
1.30. Sangarius, river god
1.30.1. Nana, nymph, m-Agdistide
1.30.2. Nikea, nymph, m-Dionysus
1.30.2.1. Satyr
1.30.2.2. Telet
1.30.3. ?(son)
1.30.3.1. Dimantus, king of Phrygia, f-Eunoia, nymph
1.30.3.1.1. Otreus, king of Phrygia
1.30.3.1.2. Asiy
1.30.3.1.3. Hecuba, m-Priam (Gift), king of Troy
1.31. Ister, river god
1.31.1. Aktey
1.31.2. Gelor
1.32. Spercheus, river god, f-Polydora
1.32.1. Menestius
1.33. Sebeth, river god
1.33.1. Sebethida, nymph, m- Thelon, king of Cyprus
1.33.1.1. Ebal
1.34. Inach, river god, f- Melia, nymph, see Inachida
1.35. Evrat, river god
1.35.1. Pitana, nymph, m- Poseidon
1.35.1.1. Evadne, m-Apollo
1.35.1.1.1. I am
1.36. Philyra, oceanid, m- Kron, titanium
1.37. Idia, oceanid, m-Eetus, king of Colchis
1.38. Styx, oceanid, m-Pallant, titanium
+ Asopidae
+ Aeacides
+ Tantalides
+ Atrids
+ Penaeids
+ Inahids
+ Pelasgids
+ Epafidae
+ Aegyptids
+ Perseids
+ Heracleidae
+ Danaids
+ Cadmides
+ Minosids
+ Aegialeides
+ Descendants of Iapetus and Clymene
+ Lacedaemonids
+ Dardanids
+ Priamides
+ Descendants of Helen of Troy
+ Descendants of Memnon of Ethiopia
+ Aeneids
+ Descendants of Hermes
+ Nycteids
+ Hellenids
+ Sisifides
+ Athamantids
+ Salmonoids
+ Deionides
+ Creteids
+ Amphictyonidae
+ Ephliids
+ Descendants of Hyperion and Theia
+ Descendants of Cria and Eurybia
+ Descendants of Coy and Phoebe
+ Descendants of Poseidon
+ Descendants of Zeus
+ Descendants of Ares
+ Descendants of Hephaestus
+ Muses and their descendants
ANCIENT EGYPT
2nd Dynasty
3rd Dynasty
4th Dynasty
5th Dynasty
6th Dynasty
11th Dynasty
12th Dynasty
13th and 17th dynasties
15th Dynasty
17th Dynasty
18th Dynasty,
19th Dynasty
20th Dynasty
21st Dynasty
22nd, 23rd and 24th Dynasties
26th Dynasty
Lagids (Kings of Egypt)
ANCIENT GREECE
Temenids (Kings of Argos)
+ Argeads (Kings of Macedonia)
+ Princes of Elimyotia
Epitides (Kings of Messenia)
Agidas (Kings of Laconia)
Eurypontids (Kings of Laconia)
Battida (Kings of Cyrene)
Cypselidae (Tyrants of Corinth)
Orphagorides (Tyrants of Sicyon)
Alcmaeonids (Archons of Athens)
Pisistratidae (Tyrants of Athens)
Philaides (Tyrants of Chersonesus)
Silosonidae (Tyrants of Samos)
Emmenides (Tyrants of Akragant)
Dinomenides (Tyrants of Gela and Syracuse)
Tyrants of Regia
+ Tyrants of Fer
Tyrants of Heraclea
Dionysiades (Tyrants of Syracuse)
Agathoclides (Tyrants of Syracuse)
Basilids (kings of Ephesus)
Pyrrhides (Kings of Epirus)
Kings of Pharsal
Iolaides (Kings of Macedonia)
Lysimachides (Kings of Thrace and Macedonia)
Antigonids (Kings of Macedonia)
Orestids (Noble Macedonian family)
Parmenionides (Noble Macedonian family)
Odrysian kings
THE ANCIENT EAST
Kings of Mitanni
Mermnads (Kings of Lydia)
Phraortids (Kings of the Media)
Achaemenids (Kings of Persia)
+ Maurya
+ Mithridatids (Kings of Pontus and Bosporus)
+ Polemonids (Kings of Pontus and Bosporus)
+ Aspurgids (Kings of Bosporus)
+ Ariartids (Kings of Cappadocia)
+ Ervantids (Kings of Armenia)
+ Ptolemaides (Kings of Commagene)
+ Artashesids (Kings of Armenia and Iberia)
Tyrants of Troas
Seleucids (Kings of Syria)
Kings of Bithynia
Spartokids (Kings of Bosporus)
Pharnavazids (Kings of Iberia)
Arsacids (Kings of Parthia, Middle Atropatene, Armenia and Iberia)
Kings of Bactria
Sassanids (Shahs of Persia)
ANCIENT ROME
Aurelius Cotta
Adelphia
Anicia
Antistia
Anthony
Appulei
Arretii (Arretsina)
Arruntii
Asparas and Areovindas
Acilii
Bruttium
Vitellia
Gavia
Calvisia
Calpurnia Pisona
Claudia
Libya
Navtia
Octavia
Olybria
Petronia
Rustic
Triarii
Flavia
Flavia 3
Flavia 4
Fulvia
Celsinia
Ebutia
Elia
Emilia
Emilia Lepida
Errutations
Julia
Junii Silans
Dynasty of Justin
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
Vandal Kings
Surname Amal (Ostrogoth kings)
Surname Baltus (Visigoth kings)
+ The first kings of the Burgundians
Kings of the Cimmerians and Sycambrians
+ First kings of the Franks
Kings of the Sueves
Kings of the Huns
Dynasty of Odoacer
Kings of the Rugians
Saxon leaders (Odin's ancestors)
+ Offspring of Odin
+ Kings of Bernicia and Northumbria.
Http://gugukaran.narod.ru/Geneolog.html#europa1000
INFO-GENEALOG
Russian-language site about the genealogy of aristocratic families of the world
PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
VANDAL KINGS
(kings of earlier times are not taken into account)
Godegisel(+409), king of the Vandals
1. Guntaric, king of the Vandals in 409-428
2. Geisaric, king of the Vandals in 428-477
2.1. Gunerik, king of the Vandals in 477-484, w1- ?, daughter of Theodoric I, king of the Visigoths, w2- Eudokia
2.1.1. Gilderic(+532), king of the Vandals in 523-530
2.2. Genton
2.2.1. Guntamund, king of the Vandals in 484-496
2.2.2. Thrasamund (+523), king of the Vandals in 496-523, w- Amalafrida the Elder, daughter of Theodemir, king of the Ostrogoths
2.2.3. Geilaris
2.2.3.1. Gelimar, king of the Vandals in 530-534
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Russian-language site about the genealogy of aristocratic families of the world
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PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
SURNAME AMAL (OSTIGOTH KINGS)
PART 1 - Legendary Amals
Gaut (Gapt), “Father of the Goths and Gauts,” Scandinavian (Ansian or Ascian) god of warriors; leads military squads in Scandinavia and southern Germany, the ancestor of many nations (ca. 86/87 won the “initial” victory over the Romans); perhaps the hypostasis of Odin-Wodan
1. Gumal (Hulmul, Humil, Humli, Hulmul), “Father of the Danes,” god of the Danes
1.1. Ogis (Avgis, Avigis)
1.1.1. Amal, "Father of Amal"
1.1.1.1. Gizarnis (Hisarna, Hizarna) [Iron]
1.1.1.1.1. Ostrogotha [Shining Goth], "Father of the Ostrogoths", king of the Pontic (Black Sea) Goths in before 245-after 291 ("the first Ans-Amal king in South Russian Scythia"); c.291 defeated the related tribe of the Gepids in the war, whose king was Fastida (decisive battle on the Aukha River near the Galtis oppidum); under him, the “royal Scythians” began to be called Grevtungs [“inhabitants of the steppes”], and the part of the Goths that broke away from the kingdom became Tervingi or Vesians
1.1.1.1.1.1. Gunuil (Hunuil)[Immune to spells]
1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Athal [Noble]
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Achiulf (Ahiulf, Agiulf) (Achiulf)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2. Odulf (Oduulf)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.1. Ansila [Small Ans]
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.2. Ediulf (Ediwulf)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.3. Wultulf (Vultuulf), see PART 2 - The Royal Branch
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.4. Germanaric (Ermanaric) (c.265-c.375), king of the Greuthungs and Ostrogoths, see PART 3 - Descendants of Germanaric
PART 2 - Royal Branch
Wulfulf (Vultuulf)
1. Valaravans
1.1. Vinitarius (Vitimir) [Conqueror of the Wends (Slavs)] (Vinitharius aequitas) (Vithimirius) (+376), prince of the Goths in 375-376, attacked the country of the Antes and ordered the crucification of their king God, his sons and 70 elders; a year later, the Hun king Balamber, in alliance with Amal Gesimund, opposed Vinitarius; in a long feud, Vinitarius won victory twice, but in the third battle, on the Erak River, he was killed by an arrow from King Balamber himself in the head
1.1.1. Vandalarius (Videric) [Conqueror of the Vandals] (Vandalarius), king of the Grevtungs, in the fall of 376 his guardians, the dux Alathaeus and the Alan leader Safrak, brought Vandalarius to the Lower Danube
1.1.1.1. Valamir (+468/469), the high king of the Pannonian Goths (until 451-468/469), together with the Gepid king Ardaric, belonged to a narrow circle of trusted representatives of the Hun king Attila, in whose army, defeated on the Catalaunian fields, Valamir commanded the Ostrogoths; under his command, Amals Andela and Andagis fought on the side of the Huns in 451, who, after the collapse of the Hunnic kingdom, separated from Valamir
1.1.1.1.1. (?, cousin of Theoderic) Gizo (+487), m- c. 470 Feletey (Phebe) (+487), king of the Rugians
1.1.1.2. Theudimir (Theudimir) (+474), king (pietas) of the Ostrogoths in 468/469-474, together with his brother Vidimir until 473, until 468/469 owned the territory of northeastern Croatia, king of the Goths in Macedonia in 473-474 ; adopted the king of the Sueves Gunimund, w- Eriliva (Ereleuva, Erilieva, Eusebius), concubine
1.1.1.2.1. Amalafrida the Elder (+525), her dowry to Thrasamund was the city of Lilybaea in Sicily, m1- (?) Theodebert, king of the Lombards, m2- with 500 Thrasamund (+523), king of the Vandals in 496- 523
1.1.1.2.1.1(1). Theodat (Theodahad, Theodebald) (Theodahas) (+536), king of the Ostrogoths in 534-536, w1- Gudeliva, w2- Amalasuntha (+535), queen of the Ostrogoths
1.1.1.2.1.1.1(1). Theodegisel (Theudegisklos) (killed at a party in Seville), Visigothic duke, expelled the Franks in 541, king of the Visigoths in 548-549
1.1.1.2.1.1.2(1). Theodenanda, m-Ebrimud
1.1.1.2.1.1.2.1. ?(son) (+approx.536, child)
1.1.1.2.1.2(1). Amalaberga, m- Herminafrid (Herminafrid), king of the Thuringians
1.1.1.2.1.2.1. Amalafrida the Younger (Amalafridas)
1.1.1.2.1.2.2. ?(daughter), m- Avdoin, king of the Lombards in 540/547-560/561
1.1.1.2.1.2.2.1. Alboin, King of the Lombards
1.1.1.2.2. ?(daughter) (+479)
1.1.1.2.3. Theoderich (Theodoric) the Great (c.454-526), king of the Ostrogoths in 474-526, consul in 484, 485 and 519; By order of Theoderic, noble Gothic comites were beheaded: in Rome, in the palace of Sessorio in 500 - Odoin (namesake of the Lombard king Avdoin), in Mediolan in 514 - Pitza (Pitzia), w1- ? (? concubine), w2- Odefleda, daughter of Childeric I, King of the Franks, w3- ?(?concubine)
1.1.1.2.3.1(1). Theodigoto (Thiudigotho), m- Alaric II, king of the Visigoths in 484-507
1.1.1.2.3.2(1). Ostrogotho, m- Sigismund, king of the Burgundians
1.1.1.2.3.3(2). Amalasuintha (+535), queen of the Ostrogoths, m1- Eutharich Kitilla (Eutharic) (+522/525), m2- Theodat (Theodebald) (+536), king of the Ostrogoths in 534-536
1.1.1.2.3.3.1(1). Atalarich (+534), king of the Ostrogoths in 526-534
1.1.1.2.3.3.2(1). Matasuntha, queen of the Ostrogoths, m1- Witigis (+542), king of the Ostrogoths in 536-540, m2- Herman (+550)
1.1.1.2.3.4(3). ?(daughter), m-Tuluin
1.1.1.2.3.5(3). ?(daughter), m- Flavius Maximus
1.1.1.2.3.6(adopted). Rodulf, King of the Eruls
1.1.1.2.4. Theudimund, inc. in 479, as commander of his brother Theoderic
1.1.1.2.5. Theodagunda
1.1.1.2.6. Thrasamund
1.1.1.3. Vidimir the Elder (+473/474, Italy), king of the Ostrogoths in 468/469-473/474, together with his brother Teudimir, owned the territory of Upper Slavonia until 468/469, and in 473 carried out an invasion of Italy
1.1.1.3.1. Vidimir the Younger, identified with Vittimar, inherited the army of the Goths who fought unsuccessfully in Italy under his control; by order of the emperor, Glycerius went from Italy to the Visigothic (Toulouse) king Eurich, by whom he was settled in Limousin
1.1.1.4. ?(daughter), m- Theodoric (Theoderic) Strabo "Oblique"
1.1.2. ?(son), see PART 4 - Junior branch
1.2. ?
1.2.1. Valdamerca, m- Balamber (Balimber), king of the Huns in 376
PART 3 - Descendants of Germanarich
Germanaric (Ermanarich) (c.265-c.375), king of the Greuthungs and Ostrogoths; created a great tribal power; conquered the “peoples of the North” (on the Upper Volga); subjugated in the Black Sea region (on the Lower Don) the king of the Eruls ["fast"] Alaric (a possible maternal ancestor of Alaric I, king of the Visigoths); executed the wife of the king of the Rosomons ["swift" or "red-haired"] Svanhilda (Sunilda), for which he was later mortally wounded by her brothers Ammius (Khamdir) and Sar (Surli); at the end of his life he suffered a heavy defeat from the Huns; suffering from defeat and his wound, he sacrificed himself to the Gothic god Irmin
1. (?) Gunimund (Hunimund) the Elder
1.1. Gesimund (Gesimund) the Elder, first king of the Goths under Hunnic rule; as a vassal of the Hun king Balamber, together with him he waged war with the Gothic prince Vinitarius in 376
1.1.1. (?)Gesimund (Gesimund) the Younger, “Amal son in arms”, regent of the kingdom of the Goths under the young brothers Valamir, Teudimir and Vidimir in c.430-c.440
1.1.1.1. Gunimund (Hunimund), king of the Danube Suevi c.467/468 (in Northern Pannonia and Southern Slovakia); raided the lands of the Gothic king Teudimir, but his Suevi, loaded with booty, were defeated at Lake Balaton by pursuit, and the Suevi king himself was captured; being in captivity, he was adopted by King Teudimir as “Amal’s son in arms”; lost his crown when the Suevi joined their related Alamanni
2. Gunimund (Hunimund) the Younger, prince of the Goths from 376, defeated the Sueves in Pannonia
2.1. Thorismund (+ up to 427, died in battle with the Gepids in Pannonia), prince ready until 427
2.1.1. Berimund, followed the Visigoths to the west in 427, unsuccessfully tried to become king of the Toulouse Goths, i.e. heir to the Visigothic king of Valia
2.1.1.1. Veterik (Vidirich) (Vetericus), taken by his father to the Vesigoths in 427 in the Kingdom of Toulouse; in 439 he took a pro-Roman position and proved himself to be a talented commander; wanted, with Roman help, to overthrow the Visigoth king Theoderid and become king himself
2.1.1.1.1. Eutharich (+522/525), heir to the throne from 515, consul in 519 under the name Flavius Eutharich Cilliga (jointly with Theoderic the Great); adopted by Emperor Justin II as a “son in arms”, w- Amalasuntha (+535), queen of the Ostrogoths
PART 4 - Junior branch
?(possibly son of Vinitarius)
1. Triarius (+455/459), leader of the Goths, subordinate to Constantinople
1.1. Theodoric (Theoderic) Strabo "Slant" (+481), king of Thrace from 473, leader of the Goths, subordinate to Constantinople, aunt (? or sister) of Theoderic the Great
1.1.1. Rekitach, killed by King Theoderic the Great for the murder of his uncle
1.2. ?(son), killed by Rekitah
1.3. ?(son)
2. ?(sister (?or daughter) of Triaria), m- Flavius Ardavur Aspar (+471), “ruler of the Eastern Roman Empire”, consul of the West in 433, all-powerful patrician and commander under the emperors Marcian and Leo I
3. Germanarich (Ermanarich) the Elder
PART 5 - Amals and kings whose relationship to the main tree is unclear
Kniva, king of the Goths, (?) subordinate to King Ostrogoth, his military leaders - Agraith (Argait or Argunt, "king of the Scythians", or, Argunt - a collective name from Argait and Gunteric) and Gunteric
Andela (from the Amal clan)
1. Andagis, f-?, sister of Alan Kandak (Candac)
1.1. Gunthigis Baza
?
1. Aidoingus comes domensticorum
2. ?
2.1. Sidimund
Eraric, king of the Ostrogoths in 541
?
1. Ildebad (Hildebad), king of the Ostrogoths in 540-541
2. ?
2.1. Totila, king of the Ostrogoths in 541-552
2.2. Fritigern
2.2.1. Theia (+552), comite, commandant of Verona, king of the Ostrogoths in 552; after the death of Theia, the Ostrogoths no longer chose a king for themselves, however, Agathias says that “the Goths were thinking of choosing Butilinus, the leader of the “Frankish Alamanni”, as their king, then the Goths split into groups led by various comites, the most significant of which were Aligern and the comite of Pavia ready Indulf (former buccelliary of the Roman patrician and military leader Belisarius)
2.2.2. Aligern, after the death of Theia, was the keeper of the royal insignia, but handed them over to the emperor’s representatives and surrendered the city of Kuma
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EUROPE BEFORE 1000
SURNAME BALT (KINGS OF THE VISIGOTHES)
PART 1 - First Balts
Alika, Tervig prince, leader of the Goths, who fought in 324 on the side of Emperor Licinius against Emperor Constantine
Ariaric, Tervig judge in 332
1. Aorich, a Tervig judge, persecuted Christians in 348
1.1. Atanaric, king of the Visigoths in 380-396
Fritigern, dux of the Visigoths before 380
Modaris (Modaharius), went over to the side of the Romans under Emperor Theodosius in 378 and began to fight against Fritigern
PART 2 - Main tree of the Balts
Alaviv, dux of Tervig in 376-377, w-?, possibly daughter of the Erulian king Alaric
1. Alaric (Alaric) I, king of the Visigoths in 396-411, w-?, sister of Ataulf, king of the Visigoths (w1-?, w2- c 414 Aelia Galla Placidia)
1.1. ?(daughter), m-Valia, king of the Visigoths in 415-418
1.1.1. ?(daughter), m-?, svev of the royal family
1.1.1.1. Ricimer (+472), patrician, "Liberator of Italy", w- Alipia
1.1.1.2. ?(daughter), m- Gundiok, king of the Burgundians, from the clan of Atanarik, i.e. Balt
1.2. Theoderid (Theoderic I), king of the Visigoths in 418-451
1.2.1. Thorismund, king of the Visigoths in 451-452
1.2.2. Theoderic II, king of the Visigoths in 452-466, his son in arms - king of the Sueves Remismund
1.2.3. Friederich (+463)
1.2.4. Eurek (Evrich), king of the Visigoths in 466-484, w. Ragnahilda
1.2.4.1. Alaric II, king of the Visigoths in 484-507, w1- ? (concubine), w2- Theodigoto (Thiudigotho)
1.2.4.1.1(1). Gezalik, king of the Visigoths in 507-511
1.2.4.1.2(2). Amalaric, king of the Visigoths in 511-531, w- Clotilde (Clodechild), daughter of Clovis I, king of the Franks
1.2.4.1.2.1. Gosvinta, m1- Atanagild, king of the Visigoths in 554-567, m2- Leovigild, king of the Visigoths in 568-586
1.2.4.1.2.1.1(1). Brunhilda (Brunegoth) (+613), m1- Sigebert I, King of Austrasia, m2- Merovey (+577)
1.2.4.1.2.1.2(1). Galsvinta (+568), m- Chilperic I, king of Neustria
1.2.4.1.3. Estera (+521), m- Thierry I, King of Austrasia
1.2.5. Retemer (Ricimer)
1.2.6. Himnerite
1.2.7. ?(daughter), m- Gunerik, king of the Vandals in 477-484
1.2.8. ?(daughter), m- Rekiar (+456), king of the Sueves in 448-456
PART 3 - Septimanic branch of the Balts
Leuva I (+572), Duke of Septimania, king of the Visigoths in 568-572 in Septimania
1. Leovigild, king of the Visigoths in 569-586 in Spain, son or brother of Leuva I, w1 - Theodosius, w2 - Gosvinta
1.1(1). Hermenegild the Saint (baptized John) (+585, killed in Tarragona), king of the Visigoths in Seville in 578-583, w- Ingonda (+ captured by the Byzantines on the way to Constantinople), daughter of Sigebert I, king of Austrasia, and Brunegota
1.1.1. Atanagild, w. Flavia Julian Verwandt
1.1.1.1. Ardabast, Glasvinda
1.1.1.1.1. Ervig, king of the Visigoths in 680-687, w. Ljubigotona
1.1.1.1.1.1. Kixillo (Kikisilona), m-Egika (+702), king of the Visigoths in 687-702, relative of Wamba
1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Vitik (Vititsa, Vittiza), king of Galicia in 698-701, king of the Visigoths in 701-710, tried to transfer power to his minor son, but was overthrown as a result of a revolt of the nobility
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. (?)Aguila II, king of the Visigoths in 711-714
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2. Alamund (Olemundo)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.1. Sarah
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.3. Romulus
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.4. (?)Ardo (Ardabast), king of the Visigoths in Septimania in 714-721
1.1.1.1.1.1.2. Sisebut (682-734), Count of Coimbra, see Counts of Coimbra
1.2(1). Reccared I, king of the Visigoths in 586-601, w1- Boda (Bauda), w2- Chlodovinta, daughter of Sigebert I, king of Austrasia, and Brunegota
1.2.1(1). Ljuva (Ljuga) II (+605), king of the Visigoths in 601-603, fell victim to Witterich's plot
1.2.2(2). Svintilla, duke, king of the Visigoths in 621-631, f Theodora, daughter of Sisebut, king of the Visigoths in 612-621, and sister of Reccared II, king of the Visigoths in 621
1.2.2.1. Rekkimir (+631),
1.2.2.2. (?) Sisenand, Duke, King of the Visigoths in 631-636, overthrew Svintilla, fought with other contenders for the throne - Judila and Geila
1.2.2.3. Hintila (Chintila), king of the Visigoths in 636-639
1.2.2.3.1. Tulga (Fulco), king of the Visigoths in 639-642
1.2.2.4. Hindasvind (Chindasvind), king of the Visigoths in 642-653, w. Rekiberga
1.2.2.4.1. Recceswinth, king of the Visigoths in 649-672, he had to suppress the Froya rebellion in 653 in Zaragoza
1.2.2.4.1.1. Wamba (+692), king of the Visigoths in 672-680, dethroned by Erwig
1.2.2.4.2. Theodofred, Duke of Cordoba, w. Requilona de Cordoba
1.2.2.4.2.1. Roderic (Rodrigo) (+711, in the battle against the Arabs led by Tariq), Duke of Baetica, King of the Visigoths in 710-711, f-Egilon
1.2.2.4.2.1.1. Egilona, m-Abdul-Aziz-al-Wallid Umayyad, governor of Andalusia, son of Caliph Marwan I ben al-Hakam
1.2.2.4.3. Glasvinda, m1- Ardabast, m2- Fruela, Count of Cantabria, see kings of Asturias
1.2.2.4.4(side). Favila, Count of Galicia
1.2.2.4.4.1. Favila, Duke of Galicia and Cantabria (sometimes identified with father), f-Lucia de Cantabria
1.2.2.4.4.1.1. Pelayo (Pelagius) (+737), king of Asturias in 718-737, w. Gaudiossa of Galicia
1.2.2.4.4.1.1.1. Favila (+739), king of Asturias in 737-739, f-Froyljuva
1.2.2.4.4.1.1.1.1. Favinia of Asturias, m- Liutfred III, Duke of Sueven
1.2.2.4.4.1.1.2. Hermencinda of Asturias, m- Alfonso I the Catholic (+757), Duke of Cantabria, King of Asturias in 739-757
1.2.2.5. Ljubigotona, m-Ervig, king of the Visigoths in 680-686
1.2.3(2). Geila, led a rebellion against Sisenand
PART 4 - Extra-dynasty kings of the Visigoths
Sigeric, king of the Visigoths in 415
Theodes, king of the Visigoths in 531-548, was a squire of Theodoric the Great, married a noble Roman woman from Spain
Aguila I, king of the Visigoths in 549-554, unsuccessfully trying to conquer Cordoba, lost his son in battle and was killed in Merida
Gundemar, king of the Visigoths in 610-612
Witteric, king of the Visigoths in 603-609, overthrew King Leuwu II
1. Ermenberg, m- Thierry II, King of Austrasia
PART 5 - Visigothic Dukes and Counts
Victoria, relative of Sidonius Apollinaris, Comite and Gothic Dux of Aquitaine First
Vincent (+c.474), Roman Dux of Tarracona, Visigothic Dux of Spain
Goeric, Visigothic count, executed by order of King Gesalich
Granista and Wildigern, Septimanian counts, together with Ataloch, Bishop of Narbonne, defected from Reccared I to the side of King Guntram of Burgundy
Claudius, Duke of Lusitania, commander of Reccared I
Argimund, duke, rebelled against Reccared I in 590
Childeric, Count of Nîmes, rebelled against Wamba
Paul, Duke of Septimania, was sent to suppress the rebellion of Childeric, Count of Nîmes, he himself was crowned on the Visigothic throne in Narbonne and began to wage war against Wamba, in which he was defeated
Ranosind, Duke of Tarraconian Spain, supported the Septimanic Duke Paul at his coronation and in the war with Wamba
Sunifred, at the beginning of Egica's reign, proclaimed himself king with the support of Sisbert, Metropolitan of Toledo
Theodemir, Duke of Spain of Carthage, desperately resisting the Arabs, earned their respect and received from them the administration of the principality, including Alicante and Murcia, under the supreme authority of the Arabs
Atanagild, son of Theodemir, Duke of Spain of Carthage
PART 6 - Episcopal dynasties of the Visigoths
?
1. Paul, Bishop of Merida
2. ?
2.1. Fidelis, Bishop of Merida
Gregory, Bishop of Osmia
1. John, Bishop of Zaragoza
2. Braulio, Bishop of Zaragoza
3. Fronimian, priest
?
1. Leander, Bishop of Seville
2. Isidore, Bishop of Seville
3. Fulgentius, Bishop of Eixi
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PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
THE FIRST BURGUNDIC KINGS
Gundiok, king of the Burgundians, from the family of Athanaric, i.e. Balt, f-?, daughter of Patrician Ricimer
1. Chilperic (+479), king of the Burgundians
1.1. Clotilde of Burgundy, m- Clovis I, King of the Franks
2. Gundobad (+516), king of the Burgundians
2.1. Sigismund, King of the Burgundians, Ostrogotho
2.1.1. Sigerich (+522)
2.1.2. Suavegotta, M. Thierry I, King of the Franks at Reims
3. Godegisel, King of the Burgundians
4. Godomar, King of the Burgundians
Alethaeus (descendant of Gundiok), rebelled in 613 against the Merovingians
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PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
KINGS OF THE SEVOVI
Hermeric, king of the Sueves in?-after 441
1. Rehila (+448), king of the Sueves in 438-448
1.1. Rekiar (+456), king of the Sueves in 448-456, f-?, daughter of Theoderid, king of the Visigoths
Agriwulf of the Varnov family, king of the Sueves in 456
Maldra, King of the Sueves
Framta, King of the Sueves
Frumar, king of the Sueves in 460
Rehimund (+465), king of the Sueves
Remismund, king of the Sueves from 465, son-in-arms of the Visigothic king Theoderic II, a Visigoth
Hararic, king of the Sueves circa 550-558/559
Ariamir, king of the Sueves in 558/559-565
Theodemir, king of the Sueves 565-570
Miro, king of the Sueves in 570-after 576, w1-?, w2- Siseguntia
1. Eboric, king of the Sueves
2. ?(daughter), m- Audeka, king of the Sueves (2nd marriage with Siseguntia, Miro’s widow)
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PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
KINGS OF THE HUNS
Balamber (Balimber), king of the Huns in 376, w-Valdamerca
?
1. Oktar, King of the Huns
2. Ruga (Ruya) (+ c.434), king of the Huns until 434
3. Mundzuk
3.1. Bleda (+447, by order of Attila), king of the Huns in 434-447
3.2. Attila (+453), king of the Huns in 434-453, w1- Kreka, w2- ?, daughter of Eskam, w3- Justa Grata Honoria
3.2.1. Ellacom
3.2.2. Hormidak, King of the Huns
3.2.3. Dengizikh (+470), king of the Huns
3.2.4. Erna (Ernach)
3.3. Ebarsy (Oebarsy)
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PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
DYNASTY OF ODOACER
Edika (+469), king of the Skirs
1. Hunulf (+493), commander of Odoacer, in 488 defeated the leader of the Rugians, Frederick, in battle
2. Odoacer (+493), king of Italy in 476-493
2.1. Tela (+493), Caesar
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PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
KINGS OF RUGIAN
Flaccytheus (+475), king of the Rugians
1. Feletey (Phebe) (+487), king of the Rugii, w- from about 470 Gizo (+487)
1.1. Frederick (possibly +493, in battle with his kinsman, the rugian Tufa (+493), former general of Odoacer), leader of the Rugians; unsuccessfully tried in 488 to conquer his father's kingdom from the king of Italy Odoacer, but was defeated by Hunulf, Odoacer's brother, and fled to Theoderic the Great
2. Frederuch (+482), ruler of Faviana
2.1. (?)Tufa, general of Odoacer
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PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
SACHS LEADERS (ODIN'S ANCESTORS)
OPTION 1
Scythian (Sceaf, Seskef), leader of the Saxons
1. Bedwig, leader of the Saxons
1.1. Hwala, Saxon leader
1.1.1. Atra (Athra, Hathra), leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1. Itermon (Iterman), leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1. Heremod, leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1. Skeldwa (Skjold, Scyld), leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Beaw, Bjaw, leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Tetwa (Tecti), leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Dzhata (Geata, Jat), leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Godwulf (Gudylfr) (*80), leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Finn (*130), leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Frithuwulf, King of Saxony
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Frialaf (Friallaf) (* c. 160), leader of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Frithuwald (*c.190), leader of the Saxons, w- Beltsa (*c.194)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Odin (Odin, Woden) (215-300), leader of the Saxons, w1- Friia, Frigg (* c. 219), daughter of Cadwalladr (before 200-after 219), w2- Skadi, g3- Rind, see Offspring of Odin
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2. Ve (*approx. 217)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.3. Vili (*approx. 219)
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2. Hulmul
OPTION 2
Hardwick (+90 BC), king of the Saxons
1. Anseric (+4 AD), king of the Saxons
1.1. Wicke I (+30), prince of the Saxons
1.1.1. Svartike I (+76), prince of the Saxons
1.1.1.1. Svartih II (+80), prince of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1. Siegward (+100), prince of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1. Witekind I (+106), king of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Wike II (+190), prince of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Harbod (+256), king of the Saxons
1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Odin (Odin, Woden) (215-300), leader of the Saxons, w1- Friia, Frigg (* c. 219), daughter of Cadwalladr (before 200-after 219), w2- Skadi, g3- Rind, see Offspring of Odin
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PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
OFFERING ONE
Odin (Odin, Woden) (215-300), leader of the Saxons, w1- Skadi, w2- Friia (Friia, Frigg) (* c. 219), daughter of Cadwalladr (before 200-after 219), g3- Rind
1(1). Yngvi (Yngvi, Yngvi-Frey) (* c. 235), king of Sweden, otherwise his parents are Njord (* c. 214), king of Sweden, and Skadi (see Ynglings)
2(1). Skjold (Skjoldr) (* c. 237), king of Denmark, w. Gefion (* c. 241), see Skjoldungi
3(1). Saemingr, King of Norway
4(2). Vecta
4.1. Witta
4.1.1. Wihgils
5(2). Balder, Baeldaeg (* c. 243), leader of the Saxons, w- Nanna (* c. 247), daughter of Gewar (* c. 217), king of Norway
5.1. Brond (Brandr), leader of the Saxons
5.1.1. Freydigar (Frjydigar, Frithogar) (* c. 299), leader of the Saxons
5.1.1.1. Freyvin (Freawine) (* c. 327), leader of the Saxons
5.1.1.1.1. Wig (Uvigg), leader of the Saxons
5.1.1.1.1.1. Gewis, leader of the Saxons
5.1.1.1.1.1.1. Elsa, leader of the Saxons
5.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Elesa, leader of the Saxons
5.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Cerdic (+534), leader of the Saxons, 1st king of Wessex in 532-534, landed on the coast of Anglia in 495, see Kings of Wessex
5.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2. ?(daughter)
5.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.1. Stuf
5.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.2. Wihtgar (+544), king of the island Of
5.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.2.1(descendant). Oslak, king on the island Of
5.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.2.2.1.1. Osburga (810-846), m- Aethelwulf (806-857), king of Wessex
5.1.2. Beorn (*approx. 301)
5.1.3. Bernic
5.1.3.1. Alok
5.1.3.1.1. Angenwit
5.1.3.1.1.1. Ingui
5.1.3.1.1.1.1. Esa
5.1.3.1.1.1.1.1. Eoppa
5.1.3.1.1.1.1.1.1. Ida (+559), king of Bernicia in 547-559, f-Bearnoch, see Kings of Bernicia and Northumbria
6(2). Casere
6.1. Tytmon
6.1.1. Trygils
6.1.1.1. Hrothmund
6.1.1.1.1. Wheezing
6.1.1.1.1.1. William
6.1.1.1.1.1.1. Wehha
6.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Wuffa (+578), king of East Anglia 571-578, see Kings of East Anglia
7(2). Seaxneat
7.1. Gesecg
7.1.1. Antsecg
7.1.1.1. Sweppa
7.1.1.1.1. Sigefugel
7.1.1.1.1.1. Bedca
7.1.1.1.1.1.1. Offa
7.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Aescwine (527-587), king of Essex, see Kings of Essex
8(2). Waegdaeg
8.1. Vitgils
8.1.1. Vitta
8.1.1.1. Heingistr
8.1.2. Siggar
8.1.2.1. Swebdaeg
8.1.2.1.1. Sigegeat
8.1.2.1.1.1. Sebald
8.1.2.1.1.1.1. Saefugl
8.1.2.1.1.1.1.1. Westerfalca
8.1.2.1.1.1.1.1.1. Wilgisl
8.1.2.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Uxfrea
8.1.2.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Yffi, see Kings of Deira and Northumbria
9(2). Wihtlaeg
9.1. Wermund, King of Angels
9.1.1. Offa, King of Angels
9.1.1.1. Angeltheow
9.1.1.1.1. Eomer
9.1.1.1.1.1. Icel (Icel)
9.1.1.1.1.1.1. Knebba
9.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Cynewald
9.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. Creoda (+593), king of Mercia in 585-593, see Kings of Mercia
10(2). Winta
http://gugukaran.narod.ru/europa1000/odinids.html
INFO-GENEALOG
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PAINTINGS
EUROPE BEFORE 1000
KINGS OF BERNICIA AND NORTHUMBRIA
Ida (+559), king of Bernicia in 547-559, f-Bearnoch
1. Glappa (+560), king of Bernicia in 559-560
2. Adda (+568), king of Bernicia in 560-568
3. Ethelric (Aethelric) (+572), king of Bernicia in 568-572
3.1. Ethelfrith, Aethelfrith (+617), king of Bernicia from 592/593 and Deira from 588/590, 1st king of Northumbria (Bernicia + Deira = Northumbria), w1- Bebba, w2- Acha , daughter of Elli, King of Deira
3.1.1(1). Eanfrith (+634), king of Northumbria in 633-634, w-?, princess of the Picts
3.1.1.1. Talorcan (+657), king of the Picts
3.1.1.2. ?(daughter), m- Bile, Viceroy of Fortrinn
3.1.1.2.1. Bruidhe III (+693), king of the Picts in 672-693
3.1.2(2). Oswald (+642), king of Northumbria in 634-642, w- Cyneburga of Wessex, daughter of Cynegils, king of Wessex
3.1.2.1. Ethelwald, Aethelwald, King of Deira
3.1.3(2). Oswy, Oswiu (612-670), king of Northumbria in 641-670, w1- Riemmelth, w2- Eanfled, daughter of Edwin, king of Northumbria, w3- Fina
3.1.3.1(1). Alchfrith (+664), viceroy of Deira in 654-664, w. Cyneburg, daughter of Penda, king of Mercia
3.1.3.1.1. Osric (+729), king of Northumbria in 718-729
3.1.3.2(1). Alchfled, m- Peada (+656), king of Mercia
3.1.3.3(2). Ecgfrith (+685), king of Northumbria in 670-685, w1- Ethelreda (+679), daughter of Anne, king of East Anglia, w2- Eormenburg
3.1.3.4(2). Elfwine (+679)
3.1.3.5(2). Osthryth, m- Ethelred (+704), king of Mercia
3.1.3.6(2). Elfleda (+714), Abbess of Whitby
3.1.3.7(3). Alfrid, King of Northumbria
3.1.4(2). Ebba, Abbess of Coldingham
3.1.5(2). ?(son)
3.1.6(2). ?(son)
3.1.7(2). ?(son)
3.1.8(2). ?(son)
3.2. Theobald (+603)
4. Theodric (+579), king of Bernicia in 572-579
5. Frithuwald (+586), king of Bernicia in 579-586
6. Hussa (+593), king of Bernicia in 586-593
7. Ogg
7.1. Aldhelm
7.1.1. Ecgwald
7.1.1.1. Leodwald
7.1.1.1.1. Kutvin
7.1.1.1.1.1. Coenred (+718), king of Northumbria in 716-718
7.1.1.1.1.2. Ceolwulf (+760), king of Northumbria in 729-737, monk from 737
7.1.1.1.2. Eta
7.1.1.1.2.1. Eadbert (+768), king of Northumbria in 737-768
7.1.1.1.2.1.1. Oswulf (+759), king of Northumbria in 758-759, w. Ricthryth
7.1.1.1.2.1.1.1. Elfwald (Aelfwald) I, king of Northumbria in 778-788
7.1.1.1.2.1.1.1.1. ?(son) (+791)
7.1.1.1.2.1.1.1.2. ?(son) (+791)
7.1.1.1.2.1.1.2. Osgyfu, m- Alchred (+774), king of Northumbria in 765-774
7.1.1.1.2.2. Egbert (+766), Archbishop of York in 732-766
8. Alric
8.1. Blaecman
8.1.1. Bofa
8.1.1.1. Byrnhom
8.1.1.1.1. Elwin (Eahlwine)
8.1.1.1.1.1. Alchred (+774), king of Northumbria in 765-774, w. Osgyfu
8.1.1.1.1.1.1. Osred II (+790), king of Northumbria in 788-790
8.1.1.1.1.1.2. Alchmund (+800)
http://gugukaran.narod.ru/europa1000/bernicia.html
For specific dynasties - Huns, Bulgarians, etc. - a lot of omissions.
It is clear that by the year 1000 Slavic dynasties had also emerged in Europe. But the authors were not very concerned about this. Like the Scythian dynasties.
Project participants
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Dmitry Kudinov kuddinov at mail.ru
Nikolai Kulbaka [email protected]
Dmitry Maksinev maksinev at mail.ru
Konstantin Pogorely constantin at genealogia.ru
Victor Podshivalov gugukara2 at freemail.ru
Sergei Reshetov sergei at fcg.com.ua
Yuri Sinyugin prutkoff at btsystem.ru
Vladimir Solovyov solovjev at iu4.bmstu.ru
Sergey Trofimov strofimov at genealogia.ru
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Kings at all times lived in luxury and wealth, surrounded by an army of servants and courtiers. It is impossible to imagine a king without a majestic palace, the walls of which are painted with gold, decorated with unique paintings, and the rooms are furnished with expensive furniture. Modern royal dynasties no longer build palaces and castles for themselves; they inherited their residences from their great ancestors in the past.
Buckingham Palace. Stephen B Whatley. 1999
Of course, each palace is unique and has its own unique history. We decided to find out who owns the largest and richest palace, so we compiled a rating of the royal residences of Europe, in which representatives of the current royal dynasties now live. In total, we bring to your attention seven palaces.
Royal Palace in Oslo - Norway
The Royal Palace in Oslo is located on a hill, Bellevue, which allows it to stand out from the surrounding landscape.
The palace was originally conceived as the summer residence of the Swedish king Charles XIV Johan. Construction began in 1825; Karl himself laid the first stone in the foundation of the future residence. However, when the construction was completed 24 years later, the king had already died and was unable to see it. The first monarch to live in the castle was the Danish Prince Charles, who in 1905 was proclaimed King Haakon VII of independent Norway.
The palace was built in the classicism style characteristic of the first half of the 19th century. The palace was designed by the Danish architect Hans Ditlev Franciscus Linstow. The building looks distinctly strict, but elegant. The interior is decorated with various works of art. The decoration is dominated by beige and golden tones, but there is no pathos or unnecessary pomp. From the outside, the palace is surrounded by a beautiful park.
The park has a specially designed cozy recreation area and small lakes. Local residents come here to relax with their children.
Currently, on the ground floor of the palace there is a hall of the State Council and a parish church. Harold V receives leaders of other countries at his residence and holds important state events. The entrance to the palace is closed; tourists and city residents are only allowed into the royal park, as well as into the palace square.
The Norwegian Royal Palace is noticeably inferior to other residences of European monarchs both in the richness of its decoration and in size (which is why it takes last place in our ranking). Its dimensions are quite modest: the length of the main facade is 100 meters, the width is 24 meters. The building contains 173 rooms, and the entire palace complex, including the park, occupies just over 17.5 hectares.
Royal Palace of Brussels and Laeken Palace - Belgium
We gave sixth place to the palaces of the Belgian King Albert II.
The official royal residence is the palace in Brussels. This monumental building is located in a respectable area on the Kudenberg hill, which is called the “Royal Quarter”.
The palace cannot be called luxurious, however, it evokes a sense of pride among the Belgians and emphasizes the greatness of the royal family. The Belgians are a reserved nation, which is probably why the royal residence has a distinctly austere shape.
The Royal Palace in Brussels is a monumental building, the facade of which is made in shades of gray and brown.
Once upon a time, on the site of the modern royal castle stood the fortified castle of Coudenberg, which belonged to the Duke of Brabant. In 1731, the building burned down and was restored only in 1775. A lot of valuable relics were lost in that fire.
Since 1830, after the Belgian revolution, King Leopold of Saxe-Coburg settled in the palace, and since then it has become a royal residence.
Although the Royal Palace is the official residence of the Belgian monarch, he and his family primarily live at Laeken Palace, using the residence to entertain dignitaries and hold important state events.
Laeken Palace was built in 1785 in the north of the capital in the Laeken district for Albert of Saxe-Teschin Stadtholder of the Austrian Netherlands according to the design of the architect Charles de Wailly. The furniture for this palace was made by the famous cabinetmaker Jean-Joseph Chapuis. The building changed owners several times until in 1830, after the revolution, the state donated Laeken to King Leopold I. Already under Leopold II, at the end of the 19th century, the castle was noticeably expanded and rebuilt.
Despite the fact that the palace cannot boast of a luxurious interior or rich appearance, Laeken is famous throughout the world for its greenhouse, which still attracts millions of tourists every year to admire its exotic plants.
The collection of unique plants growing in the greenhouse is of incredible value: some specimens have been preserved since the time of Leopold II, while others are very rare and are found almost nowhere else. In addition, the garden contains a lake, a golf course, as well as unique pavilions not typical of Belgian architecture: the Japanese Tower and the Chinese Pavilion. The park complex together with the greenhouse occupies more than 25 square meters. km.
Opposite the park is the Church of Our Lady of Laeken, built in the neo-Gothic style. The church crypt houses the family burial place of the Belgian royal family.
Amalienborg Palace - Denmark
One of the famous attractions of Copenhagen is the royal residence - Amalienborg Palace. It is he who ranks fifth in our ranking.
The palace was built in the eighteenth century. However, originally in its place was the palace of Sophia Amalienborg, which completely burned down in 1689. As a result, from 1750 to 1754. a new one was erected in its place. The main architect and project manager was Niels Eigtved. Amalienborg became a royal residence in 1794, when the previous residence, Christiansborg Castle, burned down. King Christian VII, who reigned in those years, immediately acquired 4 buildings, which now form the main complex of the Amalienborg Palace.
The Amalienborg architectural complex consists of four identical buildings, designed in the Rococo style and, together with the outbuildings, forming a regular octagon. These are: the Moltke Palace, later called the Palace of Christian VII, the Palace of Christian Frederick Lewetzau, later renamed the Palace of Christian VIII, the Palace of Frederick VIII and the Palace of Christian IX.
Since all the buildings were built in the Rococo style, it is not surprising that the facade and interior rooms are decorated with stucco, figurines of cupids, intricate carved patterns, etc. Such an interior cannot be boring and dull; it emphasizes the wealth and greatness of the royal Habsburg dynasty.
One of the most luxurious apartments in the Danish royal residence is the Knight's or Great Hall in the palace of Christian VII. It has, perhaps, the most extravagant interior, made in the best Rococo traditions.
Several years ago, the royal family carried out a large-scale reconstruction of the palace of Frederick VIII, on which 130 million Danish crowns (approximately $22 million) were spent. The general public was able to see the renovated halls in 2010. During the five years that the renovation lasted, a lot was done: the frescoed ceiling was reconstructed, the wallpaper and wooden decorative elements on the walls were completely replaced, the marble staircases and mosaics on the floors were refreshed. New paintings appeared on the walls, painted by contemporary artists specifically for the royal palace, in which Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark currently lives with his wife Princess Mary and children.
It should be said that of all four palaces, only one is completely closed to the public - this is the palace of Christian IX, where the current Queen of Denmark Margrethe II and Prince Henrik live. Visitors are allowed into the remaining buildings at certain times of the year.
Amalienborg, both in terms of the luxury of its interior decoration and area, is slightly inferior to the residence of the English royal family. The complex occupies a relatively small area: the length of Amalienborg from north to south is 203 meters, and from east to west 195 meters, but most of this territory is occupied by the area; the palaces themselves are not very large compared to those discussed earlier.
Royal Palace in Amsterdam - Netherlands
In fourth position we placed the Royal Palace in Amsterdam - the residence of Queen Beatrix Wilhelmina Armgard of Holland.
This is an amazing example of neoclassical architecture. The palace was originally built in the 17th century as a city hall, which was the embodiment of the majesty and significance of the Netherlands. The town hall became a royal palace in 1808, after the coronation of Louis Bonaparte, Napoleon's brother.
The walls of the palace are still decorated with dense world-famous artists such as Jan Lievens, Govert Flinck, Ferdinand Bol, Jacob Jordens, Rembrandt. There is an incredible amount of expensive antique furniture collected here. It is here that currently houses the world's largest and best-preserved collection of furniture in the ampilé style, as well as objects of decorative and applied art (more than 2,000 exhibits in total). Most of the collection was collected during the reign of Louis Bonaparte.
The interior decoration of the palace is dominated by marble and gilding. The facade is decorated with a huge statue of Atlas, who holds the globe on his shoulders.
It is noteworthy that at one time the Amsterdam City Hall, along with many other architectural masterpieces, claimed the honorary title of the Eighth Wonder of the World.
The royal palace is decorated with an impressive dome, on top of which there is a weather vane in the shape of a medieval cogg vessel. It is the cogg that is the symbol of Amsterdam. Under the dome there are windows from which the departure and arrival of ships in the harbor were previously observed.
As for the size of the palace itself, the length of the facade is 80 meters, which is not very much, therefore, despite the luxurious decoration, this palace was not included in the top three.
The central hall of the Amsterdam Royal Palace has impressive dimensions: 18.3 meters wide and 36.6 meters long, the ceiling height is 27.4 meters. On the marble floor you can see two world maps (western and eastern hemispheres) and a celestial sphere. The map shows in some detail the areas of colonial influence of the Dutch Empire. The maps date from the mid-18th century. It is in this hall that the most important ceremonies and receptions are held, such as the presentation of state awards and the royal reception in honor of the New Year.
Oriental Royal Palace and Zarzuela Palace - Spain
In third place, perhaps, we can put the palaces of the Spanish royal house. Currently, King Juan Carlos I resides in the Zarzuela Palace, but his official residence is the East Palace in Madrid, used exclusively for ceremonial events.
The Eastern Palace was built in the 18th century. In the Middle Ages, in its place there was a Moorish fortress, and later the Alcazar of the Habsburgs, which was destroyed by fire in 1734. After which Philip V, the first representative of the Bourbon dynasty to ascend the Spanish throne, wanted to build a luxurious palace in Madrid.
Two Italian architects worked on the project: Filippo Juvara and Giovanni Battista Sacchetti, who created a luxurious building in the Italian Baroque style. For the construction of the palace, granite was used, mined in the Guadarrama mountains.
The interior decoration of the Royal Palace in Madrid is considered one of the most beautiful in Europe. The walls are decorated with magnificent frescoes by famous Italian and Spanish artists: Diego Velazquez, Corrado Giaquinto, Luca Giordano, Francisco Bayeu, Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Caravaggio, Francisco Goya, Vicente Lopez and Mariano Salvador Maella.
Among the apartments, the throne room is considered the most beautiful. Crystal chandeliers sparkle under the ceiling, painted by the Venetian master Tiepolo. The walls are covered with red damask. Along the perimeter of the hall there are statues that depict all the main human virtues. The palace occupies an area of about 19.5 hectares.
Currently, it is open to the public and anyone can see this splendor for themselves for a small price.
As for the Zarzuela Palace, where the royal family lives, it is located outside the city north of Madrid. It was originally built as a hunting lodge and country residence. It was only in 1962 that the royal family settled in it. Of course, in splendor and luxury it is inferior to the Eastern Palace. There is a warmer, more comfortable, homely atmosphere here. The palace is closed to visitors so as not to disturb the quiet life of the Spanish monarchs.
The building was built in a restrained early Baroque style by architects Gomez de Mora and Carbonello. During the Civil War, the building was badly damaged and was restored only in 1960. Later two more buildings were added to it. Currently, the Zarzuela palace complex includes the main palace and two additional houses on the sides, one of which is now home to members of the royal family. The rooms are decorated with tapestries, paintings and other works of art that emphasize the status and grandeur of their owners.
Despite the fact that this residence is not very large, it has its own garden, sports grounds, a chapel, a helipad, and 24-hour security - the monarchs are guarded by a regiment of guards.
Royal Palace in Stockholm - Sweden
In second place is the official residence of the Swedish king Gustav XVI - the Royal Palace in Stockholm. This is an impressive building with 600 rooms, including formal halls and royal apartments. The length of the facade is 120 meters.
The palace is located in the center of Stockholm on the main embankment of the island of Stadholmen. It is built on the foundations of the medieval castle Tre Kronor (Three Crowns), destroyed in 1697 by fire. The remains of that castle can still be seen in the Three Crowns Palace Museum. Construction of the new royal palace took 57 years and was completed by 1754. At the time it became the largest construction project in Europe. The halls of the palace are made in a variety of architectural styles: Rococo, Baroque and Neoclassicism. The best artists of that time were invited to design it.
Each of the four facades of the Royal Palace is symbolic. The main ones are the eastern and western ones, respectively the “Queen’s façade” and the “King’s façade”, leading to the royal apartments and symbolizing the power of the monarchy. I would like to note that on the western side, two curved galleries form a cour d'honneur (small square), where in the summer the daily ceremony of changing the royal guard takes place.
On the north side of the palace is the entrance to the cabinet and meeting room of the Swedish parliament, the Riksdag. This façade symbolizes parliamentary power.
The southern facade, facing the palace descent, is the most luxurious and solemn. There is a huge monumental arch, on opposite sides of which are the State Hall and the Royal Chapel: the throne and the altar are the main symbols of statehood. This facade is also decorated with six Corinthian columns and impressive sculptures.
Part of the palace, despite the fact that the king permanently resides in his residence, is open to the public. The greatest interest and admiration among tourists are the luxurious royal apartments, the chambers of the Knightly Order, the celebration hall, the Charles XI Gallery, the Treasury, the Arsenal, as well as the Three Crowns Palace Museum and the Antique Museum of Gustav III.
This castle can be called an amazing example of architecture, because it perfectly combines severity and grandeur, restraint and nobility.
Buckingham Palace - UK
As you know, the English Queen Elizabeth II, who has led the country for more than 60 years, lives with her family in Buckingham Palace.
For many years, this majestic and incredibly beautiful building has been the main palace of Great Britain and the central headquarters of the ruling Windsor dynasty. It is here that official receptions and other important events of national importance are held.
It should be noted that Buckingham Palace received the status of the official royal residence more than 250 years ago. In 1837, upon ascending the throne, Queen Victoria chose him.
Initially, the building was not as luxurious as you can see it now. The mansion once belonged to the Duke of Buckingham, a friend of Queen Anne. In 1762, the house was bought by George III for 28 thousand pounds, who renamed it Buckingham House. And only almost 60 years later, in 1820, King George IV rebuilt the mansion and turned it into a luxurious palace. The reconstruction cost more than 150 thousand pounds (huge money at that time).
Work to rebuild and expand the palace took almost 75 years, led by architects John Nash and Edward Blor, who built three new wings to form a large courtyard. The interior decoration was completely changed and the façade was updated.
Later, during the reign of Queen Victoria, a huge ballroom with a total area of 800 square meters was built in 1853. m, which is still actively used today for holding major government events, receptions and concerts.
Most of the rooms at Buckingham Palace remain unchanged from those days, including the State Dining Room, the White Drawing Room, and, of course, the Golden Throne Room, which now hosts receptions and formal photo sessions with members of the royal family. To this day, the walls are decorated with paintings from the time of Hero IV, and many rooms contain examples of unique, rare furniture.
However, during the reign of King Edward VII (1894-1972), some rooms were remodeled in the Belle Epoque style (translated from French as “Belle Epoque”). Cream and gold tones began to predominate in the decoration.
Currently, Buckingham Palace occupies an area of more than 20 hectares. The castle has more than 600 rooms, including 52 royal bedrooms and 188 staff and guest bedrooms, as well as 78 bathrooms. In addition, the territory is decorated with a huge garden, occupying almost 17 hectares, in which exotic trees and flowers grow. This is the UK's largest private garden. In the center it is decorated with an artificial pond.
The royal residence is guarded around the clock by a court division, which consists of the Royal Horse Guards Regiment and the Guards Infantry Regiment.
These days, Buckingham Palace is a real city in the center of London. It has its own police station, a hospital, two post offices, clubs, bars, a cinema and a swimming pool. The palace employs more than 700 service personnel.
The Queen lives in the palace for most of the year and leaves it only for two months (August and September). At this time, the residence opens its doors to visitors and everyone can see with their own eyes the luxurious royal apartments and state rooms of the palace.
By the way, for a fee, you can feel like a king and live in Buckingham Palace. About 200 rooms in the palace this year will be used as a hotel during the 2012 Summer Olympics. Of course, everyone who wants to occupy the apartment will not be allowed. To ensure the safety of the Queen and her family, each applicant will be checked very carefully by Scotland Yard before booking.
Having taken a short tour of European royal palaces, it immediately becomes clear that the descendants of great dynasties cherish the heritage they inherited. Many palaces have been reconstructed and unique, priceless works of art have been preserved.
The construction of all the considered palaces dates back to the end of the 18th - first half of the 19th centuries. It was at this time that Europe saw the flourishing of such architectural styles as Baroque, Rococo, Classicism and, a little later, Neoclassicism. All these styles were reflected in the design of the royal palaces.
If we talk about the richest palaces, the top three rightfully include the residences of the English, Swedish and Spanish royal families. These palaces are the largest and richest. This is due to the fact that they were erected during the heyday of these states, when the kings had both the desire and the opportunity to build such majestic and luxurious buildings.
Anna Belova rmnt.ru
It seems impossible to even imagine modern Europe without monarchies. Yes, for many they are more of a historical artifact, a landmark, a reminder of a great heritage. But still, kings and queens remain kings and queens - symbols of the state, which in the most difficult times for their countries can become living symbols of unification against common adversity or surrender to the enemy. What can we say about the dynasties that were represented by great statesmen, politicians and generals. Posted by Diletant. media Andrey Poznyakov will tell you where modern European kings and queens came from.
Another dynasty among those founded by military leaders of the Napoleonic era is the Bernadottes. The founder of this family, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, comes from the family of a respectable Béarn lawyer. He did not want to become a lawyer, and during the years of greatest financial difficulties he joined the army - and proved himself to be a very successful commander. Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte served Louis XVI, then the French Revolution. During his service, he met Napoleon Bonaparte, and this acquaintance played an important role in the fate of the future monarch. When Napoleon proclaimed himself emperor in 1804, Bernadotte received the rank of Marshal of the Empire. He led an army corps that fought in Southern Germany, participated in the Battle of Austerlitz, and after the Peace of Tilsit in 1807 he became governor in Northern Germany and Denmark. In Sweden, they heard about Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte as an influential military leader who also treated captured Swedes well. When the Swedish king Charles XIII convened the State Council to elect a successor, it was Bernadotte who was named the best contender for the crown - this could ensure Napoleon's favor. The French marshal only had to accept Lutheranism. In 1810, the Riksdag elected Bernadotte as crown prince, and Charles XIII adopted him. The lawyer's son became regent, and 8 years later he was crowned under the name of Charles XIV Johan. It is noteworthy that under him, Sweden broke off relations with France and re-entered the war - as an ally of Russia. Charles XIV's son Johan Oscar I was extremely popular among the people. Now the king of Sweden is their descendant Carl XVI Gustaf.
Perhaps the most famous branch of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty was the Windsor dynasty. It was formed in a very unusual way - it was a political gesture of King George V, who, at the height of the First World War, announced a break with the German family, renounced all personal and family titles and proclaimed a new name for the royal house - Windsor, in honor of Windsor Castle. During the time of George V, the Great War occurred, a series of socio-economic and political crises in which he had to act as the main negotiator and seeker of reconciliation, remembering the political role of the monarch. For example, when in 1924 three parties in parliament could not form a majority, George announced the replacement of Conservative Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin with Labor member James MacDonald. The latter owes the monarch two terms as head of government - under him the British Commonwealth was created, and the king of the United Kingdom was declared king of all dominions. George died after a long serious illness in 1936. As it became known half a century later, when the king fell into a coma, his physician on his own initiative committed euthanasia - he injected the patient with a lethal dose of morphine and cocaine.
Creation of the House of Windsor - a political gesture by King George V
Representatives of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty ruled at different times in Portugal, Bulgaria and Great Britain, and now occupy the throne in Belgium. It dates back to the ancient German royal and princely house of Wettin. A representative of one of the lines of this family, Ernst Anton Karl Ludwig, son of the Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, in the early years of the 19th century. was a prominent military leader in the Napoleonic wars. He served in the Russian army, was in the retinue of Alexander I, and participated, among other things, in the Battle of Austerlitz in 1805. Ernest's duchy was occupied by the French and was inherited by him only after the end of the Russian-Prussian-French war from Napoleon. Subsequently, by the decision of the emperor, he entered the Union of the Rhine, friendly to France, fought on the side of Bonaparte in the War of 1812, and during the foreign campaign of the Russian army he again changed sides. In the Austrian service, Ernst took part in the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig and took part in the attack on France. As a reward, the Saxon king gave him new lands near the Rhine; subsequently Ernst changed the configuration of his possessions several times, exchanging some territories for others, selling and buying back lands. The first Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha was a reformer, developed trade, and eliminated archaic feudal orders. When a revolution occurred in the Southern Provinces in 1831 and they separated from the Netherlands, Ernst I's brother Leopold, a general in the Russian army, was called to become king of the new Belgian kingdom. The current king of the Belgians, Philip I, is his descendant in the male line.
The Glucksburg dynasty is significantly younger. Its history is inextricably linked with the history of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein, whose ruler Friedrich Wilhelm is now considered the founder of a new family. He was the only son and heir to the throne, served in the Danish army, with which he participated in the Napoleonic Wars. In 1825, Friedrich Wilhelm received the city of Glücksburg and changed his title. It is important to say a few words about his wife, Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kassel. She was the daughter of a Danish princess and sister of the Queen Consort of Denmark. Accordingly, their children were descendants of the monarch. Frederick William's son Christian, married to the niece of King Christian VIII, was declared heir to the throne after Frederick VII, who could not have children. Christian IX marked the beginning of the royal history of the Glucksburg dynasty. This house is represented by the current Queen of Denmark Margrethe II and the current King of Norway Harald V. The Glucksburgs ruled in Greece, in addition, according to genealogical rules, the son of Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain and the heir to the British crown, Prince Charles, belong to this family.
The House of Glucksburg is represented by the Queen of Denmark and the King of Norway
The oldest royal dynasty in Europe today would have to be recognized as the Spanish branch of the Bourbons - if you close your eyes to several abdications and breaks in rule. Its founder was Philippe, Duke of Anjou, grandson of the French “Sun King” Louis XIV, son of the Dauphin of France. He was the great-grandson of the Spanish king Philip IV, an important circumstance that contributed to the emergence of a new dynasty. The throne was bequeathed to the then young Duke of Anjou by the childless Spanish king Charles II of Habsburg in 1700. Such a distant relationship was perceived by many as an insufficient basis for transferring the crown; in addition, Philip’s opponents feared the unification of France and Spain. The “War of the Spanish Succession” broke out, which ended with the signing of peace in 1714 - the Treaty of Baden proclaimed Philip V king of Spain, he himself renounced possible claims to the French crown and other Habsburg possessions in Europe. The founder of the Spanish Bourbon branch is associated with the beginning of the restoration of the country after a severe crisis and the strengthening of peace in the kingdom.
The oldest royal dynasty in Europe is the Spanish branch of the Bourbons.
Despite the fact that we live in a world where there is more and more talk about democracy and the electoral system, dynastic traditions are still strong in many countries. All dynasties in Europe are similar to each other. Moreover, each dynasty is special in its own way.
Windsors (Great Britain), since 1917
The youngestBritish monarchs are genealogically representatives of the Hanoverian and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasties, and more broadly of the Wettins, who had fiefdoms in Hanover and Saxony.
During the First World War, King George V decided that it was wrong to be called in German and in 1917 a proclamation was issued, according to which the descendants of Queen Victoria, representing the Hanoverian dynasty, and Prince Albert in the male line were declared members of the new House of Windsor - British subjects, and in 1952, Elizabeth II improved the document in her favor, declaring her descendants who are not descendants of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in the male line to be members of the house. That is, de facto, from the point of view of normal monarchical genealogy, Prince Charles and his descendants are not Windsors, the dynasty is interrupted by Elizabeth II, and they belong to the Glucksburg branch of the House of Oldenburg, which rules in Denmark and Norway, because Elizabeth’s husband, Prince Philip, is from there. By the way, the Russian Emperor Peter III and all his descendants in the male line are also from the House of Oldenburg by blood.
Bernadotte (Sweden), from 1810
The most revolutionaryThe son of a lawyer from Gascony, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte chose a military career and became a general during the French Revolution. His relationship with Napoleon did not work out from the very beginning; the ambitious Gascon considered himself better than Bonaparte, but he fought very successfully for the emperor. In 1810, the Swedes offered him to become the adopted son of a childless king, and, after he accepted Lutheranism, they approved him as crown prince, and soon as regent and de facto ruler of Sweden. He entered into an alliance with Russia and fought against the French in 1813-1814, personally leading the troops. So the current ruler, Carl XVI Gustav, is very similar to the Gascon with his nose.
Glücksburg (Denmark, Norway), from 1825
The most RussianThe full name of the dynasty is Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glucksburg. And they themselves are a branch of the House of Oldenburg, the interweaving of whose descendants are extremely complex; they ruled in Denmark, Norway, Greece, the Baltic states, and even under the name of the Romanovs - in Russia. The fact is that Peter III and his descendants, according to all dynastic rules, are just Glücksburg. In Denmark, the Glucksburg throne is currently represented by Margrethe II, and in Norway by Harald V.
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, from 1826
The most accommodatingThe family of the Dukes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha originates from the ancient German house of Wettin. As was customary in the 18th-19th centuries, the descendants of various German branches of the ancient ruling houses were actively used in dynastic marriages. And so the Saxe-Coburg-Gothas did not spare their offspring for the common cause. Catherine II was the first to establish this tradition by marrying her grandson Konstantin Pavlovich, Duchess Juliana (in Russia - Anna).
Then Anna betrothed her relative Leopold to the British Princess Charlotte, and his sister Victoria, married to Edward of Kent, gave birth to a daughter, Victoria, who would become the most famous British queen. And her son Prince Alfred (1844-1900), Duke of Edinburgh, married Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna, sister of Alexander III. In 1893, the prince inherited the title of Duke of Coburg and it turned out that an Englishman and a Russian were at the head of the German family. Their granddaughter Princess Alix became the wife of Nicholas II. The Saxe-Coburg-Gotha dynasty is now genealogically on the British throne and completely, without any reservations, in the Belgian in the person of Philip Leopold Louis Marie.
Orange dynasty (Netherlands), from 1815
The most power-hungryThe descendants of the glorious William of Orange regained influence in the Netherlands only after the final defeat of Napoleon, when the Congress of Vienna established monarchical rule there. The wife of the second king of the Netherlands, Willem II, was the sister of Alexander I and the daughter of Paul I, Anna Pavlovna, so the current king, Willem Alexander, is the great-great-great-great-grandson of Paul I. In addition, the modern royal family, although it continues to consider itself part of the Orange dynasty, is actually the grandmother of Willem Alexander Juliana belongs to the House of Mecklenburg, and Queen Beatrix belongs to the Westphalian princely House of Lippe. This dynasty can be called power-hungry because the three previous queens abdicated the throne in favor of their descendants.
Bourbons of Parma (Luxembourg), since 1964
The most seedyIn general, the Parma Bourbon line was at one time a fairly famous and ambitious Italian dynasty, but it fell into almost complete decline with the loss of its fiefs at the end of the 19th century. So she would have vegetated, being a more or less successful aristocratic family, but one of the offspring, Felix, married the Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, Charlotte of Orange. So the Bourbons of Parma became the ruling dynasty of the dwarf state of Luxembourg and lead a modest life, raising children, protecting wildlife and preserving the Luxembourgish language. The status of an offshore zone and 200 banks per microcountry allows them not to think about their daily bread.
Liechtenstein (Liechtenstein), since 1607
The most nobleThroughout its rich history - the house has been known since the 12th century - they have not gotten involved in big politics, perhaps because at the very beginning they realized that they could part with everything quite quickly. They acted slowly, cautiously, helped the powers that be - they far-sightedly bet on the Habsburgs, created successful alliances, easily changed religion, either leading the Lutherans or returning to Catholicism. Having received the status of imperial princes, the Liechtensteins did not seek to intermarry with foreign families and strengthened their dynastic ties within the Holy Roman Empire.
Actually, Liechtenstein was at first a secondary possession for them, which they acquired, since their overlord was de jure the emperor, in order to enter the Reichstag and increase their political importance. Then they became related to the Habsburgs, who confirmed their homogeneity, and to this day the Liechtensteins are distinguished by great attention to dynastic ties, marrying only with high-ranking nobles. It is worth adding to what has been said that GDP per capita in Liechtenstein is second in the world after Qatar - $141,000 per year. This is not least due to the fact that the dwarf state is a tax haven where various companies can hide from the taxes of their countries, but not only. Liechtenstein has a thriving high-tech industry.
Grimaldi (Monaco), from 1659
The most rootlessGrimaldi is one of the four families that ruled the Genoese Republic. Since constant skirmishes took place there in the 12th - 14th centuries between supporters of the power of the pope, the Ghibellines, and the emperor, the Guelphs, Grimaldi had to periodically run around nearby Europe. That's how they found Monaco for themselves. In 1659, the owners of Monaco accepted the princely title and received the title of Dukes de Valentinois from Louis XIII. They spent almost all their time at the French court. But this is all in the past, and in 1733 the family was cut short, and those who are now Grimaldi actually descend from the Duke of Estuteville, who was obliged by the marriage contract to take his surname by the rulers of Monaco. The current Prince Albert and his sisters are descended from the marriage of Count Polignac with the illegitimate daughter of Prince Louis II, who ruled the principality from 1922 to 1949. But Albert’s lack of nobility more than makes up for it with the publicity he works for the principality.
Princes of Andorra - Bishops of Urgell, from the 6th century
The most ancientSince 1278, Andorra has had two prince-rulers - the Bishop of Urgell and someone from France, first the Count of Foix, then the King of Navarre, and now the president of the republic. Episcopal rule is a historical atavism of the secular rule of the Catholic Church. The Urgell, or, more correctly, Urgell diocese was founded in the 6th century, and since then the bishops have traced their genealogy. The current prince is Bishop Joan Enric Vives i Sisilla, a theologian, practicing priest and social activist. But for us, of particular interest in the history of Andorra and the bishops of Urgell is 1934, when they were removed from the throne by the Russian adventurer Boris Skosyrev. He came to Andorra, proclaimed himself king, and either the instigated or bribed General Council of the country supported him. The new king issued a lot of liberal documents, but when he decided to make a gambling zone there, the previously loyal bishop rebelled. And although King Boris I declared war on him, he still won, calling reinforcements from Spain of five national guards.
Spanish Bourbons (since 1713)
The most extensiveEveryone knows that recently the Spanish Bourbons are the most disgraced, but they are also the most extensive of the Bourbons historically. They have as many as six lateral branches, including the most significant - Carlist - from the Infanta Don Carlos the Elder. At the beginning of the 19th century, he was the purest contender for the Spanish throne, but due to the pragmatic sanction of Ferdinand VII in 1830, who transferred the throne to his daughter Isabella, he remained out of work. A strong party formed behind Carlos, he started two wars, called Carlist (his grandson Carlos the Younger participated in the third). The Carlist movement in Spain was significant until the 1970s; formally it still exists, but it has no significance in politics, although they have their own contender for the throne - Carlos Hugo.
