The effect of stress on the human body presentation. Presentation on the topic: "The effect of stress on the body"

Stress, stress! Stress (from English stress - “pressure”, “tension”) is understood as an emotional state that arises in response to all kinds of extreme influences. WHAT IS STRESS? Stress is a state of an individual that arises as a response to various extreme types of external and internal environmental influences that unbalance a person’s physical or psychological functions. Stress is a nonspecific protective reaction of the body in response to unfavorable environmental changes. Types of stress Eustress - The concept has two meanings - “stress caused by positive emotions” and “mild stress that mobilizes the body.” Distress - A negative type of stress that the body is unable to cope with. It undermines human health and can lead to serious illnesses. The immune system suffers from stress. People under stress are more likely to become victims of infection, since the production of immune cells drops markedly during periods of physical or mental stress. Types of stress Emotional stress - emotional processes that accompany stress and lead to adverse changes in the body. During stress, the emotional reaction develops earlier than others, activating the autonomic nervous system and its endocrine support. With prolonged or repeated stress, emotional arousal can stagnate, and the functioning of the body can go wrong. Psychological stress, as a type of stress, is understood differently by different authors, but many authors define it as stress caused by social factors. What could be a stressor? 1. Physical stressors: heat, cold, noise, fire, traffic, violence, illness, poor working conditions, etc. 2. Social stressors: social, economic and political; family; related to work, career; interpersonal stressors. 3. Family stressors: distribution of responsibilities, jealousy, differences in value systems, illness (death in the family, etc.). Stages of development of a stressful state in a person: increasing tension; actual stress; reduction of internal tension. First (stage of anxiety). At this moment, the body’s defenses are mobilized. A person’s breathing and pulse quicken, and their blood pressure rises. Mentally, excitement increases. A person concentrates all his attention on the stimulus. At the same time, the person begins to lose self-control. He gradually loses the ability to consciously and intelligently control his behavior. The body turns on defense mechanisms against stress. A person cannot remain at this stage of stress for long. If the body manages to cope with stress at this stage, then gradually the anxiety subsides and the stress ends. And if it fails, then the next stage of stress begins. Second (stage of resistance). This stage occurs if the stress factor continues to operate. At this stage, the body turns on its reserve reserve of strength. All body systems work at maximum load. At this stage, two options for the development of the situation are possible. Either a person becomes overly active, his activity efficiency increases, mobilization of forces occurs, or a sharp decrease in activity occurs, its effectiveness is lost, passivity and general inhibition appear. A person’s behavior in a stressful situation primarily depends on his individual mental characteristics. Third (exhaustion stage). If the previous stages of stress are passed, and the body’s adaptive forces are not great enough, the third stage begins - the stage of exhaustion. It occurs under conditions of very long exposure to a stress factor. At this stage of tension, the body's reserve forces are exhausted and depleted. This situation can lead to illness or deterioration in the general condition of the body. Consequences of stress According to some Western experts, up to 70% of diseases are associated with emotional stress. In Europe, more than a million people die every year due to stress-related disorders of the cardiovascular system. Consequences of stress Here are some diseases that occur due to stress: cardiovascular diseases: myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, hypertension, hypertension; neurological diseases: neuroses, insomnia, migraine; diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: gastritis, peptic ulcer; diseases of the musculoskeletal system: osteoporosis, muscular dystrophy. Chronic and prolonged stress is one of the risk factors for cancer and mental illness. Two types of stress “Positive” stress leads to a long stay in a state of high spirits, which has a very beneficial effect on the body: immunity increases, diseases recede, a person feels a surge of joy, looks great and feels great. “Negative” stress unsettles you for a long time and significantly undermines your health. The main symptoms are absent-mindedness, increased excitability, constant fatigue, loss of a sense of humor, a sharp increase in the number of cigarettes smoked, with a simultaneous addiction to alcohol, loss of sleep and appetite, memory impairment, sometimes so-called “psychosomatic » pain in the head, back, stomach. Stress indicator Read first, and then look at the picture. The photo shows two dolphins jumping out of the water. As was established in the experimental group, despite the fact that dolphins are absolutely identical, a person under stress finds differences in them. If a person finds many differences, it means he is experiencing extreme stress. Look at the picture. If you find more than two differences in dolphins, then you urgently need to go on vacation. TEST: statement often rarely never yes 1. I feel happy. 0 1 2 2. I can make myself happy. 0 1 2 3. I feel hopeless. 2 1 0 4. I am able to relax in a stressful situation without resorting to sedative pills. 0 1 2 5. If I were experiencing very severe stress, I would definitely seek help from a specialist. 0 1 2 6. I am prone to sadness. 2 1 0 7. I would like to become someone else. 2 1 0 8. I wish I was somewhere else. 2 1 0 9. 2 1 0 I get upset easily. “Do you know how to cope with stress?” 0-3 points. You have self-control and are probably quite happy with 4-7 points. Your ability to cope with stress is somewhere around average. It may be helpful for you to adopt some techniques to help you cope with stress. 8 or more points. It is still difficult for you to deal with life's adversities. If you want to maintain your mental and physical strength, you need to learn to use more effective methods of dealing with stress. Recipes for raising vitality: FOR THE BODY: Medicinal teas, and especially the healing properties of chamomile tea, were known to the ancient Greeks. Today, approximately a million cups of this drink are drunk around the world every day. In herbal medicine and naturopathy, chamomile is used and praised as a miracle cure for stress. Drink one cup of chamomile tea three times a day. Therapeutic baths will also help you improve your emotional state. For a soothing bath, add chamomile, lavender and valerian to the water. Wrap the dried herb in cheesecloth or mesh cloth and place under the faucet while the bathtub fills with water. Recipes for increased vitality: FOR THE BODY: Consume more vitamin C. One study showed that in people who were under stress and took 1000 mg of vitamin C daily, their blood pressure did not rise as much, and their levels of stress hormones returned to normal much faster than in subjects who did not take this vitamin. Try preparations of ordinary (Chinese) ginseng: this herb is famous for its ability to protect the body from stress. Ginseng normalizes the release of stress hormones and has a beneficial effect on the glands that produce them (pituitary gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands). Take 100-250 mg of ginseng twice daily during periods of stress. After every two to three weeks of taking ginseng, take a week break. Recipes for raising vitality: FOR THE SOUL:: Stress is well relieved by short-term relaxation. Make yourself comfortable in a quiet place. Close your eyes. Choose a word or phrase that makes you happy to focus on (for example, “Everything is fine”). Concentrate on your breathing and repeat this phrase every time you exhale. Do the exercise for 10-20 minutes at least once a day. Scientific research shows that music can lower heart rate, blood pressure, and even levels of stress hormones in the blood. Take a break from your daily routine and listen to music that has a calming effect on you. PREVENTION Take a walk or do some other physical exercise for at least 20 minutes three times a week. Exercise stimulates the brain to produce endorphins, substances that elevate mood and reduce anxiety. Limit your intake of alcohol, caffeine and sugar; stop smoking! All of these substances and nicotine trigger the same reactions in the body as exposure to stress factors, which means they can cause typical symptoms of stress - palpitations, trembling, sweaty palms, anxiety and irritability. To relieve stress, try knitting, doing crossword puzzles, and reading. A hobby will provide a short respite from the stresses of everyday life. “Know how to be calm about what you cannot change.” Seneca

Stress is a special state of the body. With it, the body works to the limit of its capabilities. A similar state occurs when we are faced with physical danger or psychological aggression. The muscles temporarily become stronger, the heart rate increases, and brain activity increases. Even your vision becomes sharper.

But this doesn’t make it any easier for the body! He continues to be on alert, wasting his reserves in vain. Everything would be fine if the body had time to recover. But this doesn’t make it any easier for the body! He continues to be on alert, wasting his reserves in vain. Everything would be fine if the body had time to recover. Unfortunately, the rhythm of our life does not allow this. So how does stress affect the body, and how can we help ourselves?

Gastrointestinal tract During nervous overstrain, a spasm of the capillaries of the stomach occurs. This prevents the secretion of mucus, which forms a protective barrier on the walls. Gastric juice (hydrochloric acid) begins to eat away at the stomach tissue, leading to the formation of ulcers.

He begins to work hard, spasms occur. Cramps, in turn, lead to constipation or diarrhea. The intestines are sensitive to stressful situations. In addition, substances formed during stress kill intestinal microflora. Dysbacteriosis may develop.

Central Nervous System Information about danger is sent through the senses to a special part of the brain called the hypothalamus. After processing the information, the hypothalamus sends signals to all parts of the body, putting them on high alert. This causes a narrowing of the blood vessels in the brain. With age, cholesterol accumulates in blood vessels, making them brittle. Therefore, their sharp narrowing can provoke a stroke.

Cardiovascular system The main burden of stress falls on our heart. For comparison, at rest the heart pumps 5-6 liters of blood. In a stressful situation, these numbers increase to liters. And this is three to four times more! The main burden of stress falls on our heart. For comparison, at rest the heart pumps 5-6 liters of blood. In a stressful situation, these numbers increase to liters. And this is three to four times more! In middle-aged and older people, the risk of strokes and heart attacks increases significantly.

The effect of stress on the eyes Stress information enters the brain, in particular, through the organs of vision. As a result, unpleasant sensations may appear in the eyes: increased pressure, tension, pain, dry mucous membranes, and the “sand in the eyes” effect. If you are often nervous, your vision may deteriorate from constant stress. Stressful information enters the brain, in particular, through the organs of vision. As a result, unpleasant sensations may appear in the eyes: increased pressure, tension, pain, dry mucous membranes, and the “sand in the eyes” effect. If you are often nervous, your vision may deteriorate from constant stress.

What to do? Scream your heart out. This will help throw out negative emotions. Scream your heart out. This will help throw out negative emotions. Go outside. Admire the green foliage. Go outside. Admire the green foliage. Prepare yourself a few pieces of sea fish. It contains substances that promote the production of the joy hormone - serotonin. Prepare yourself a few pieces of sea fish. It contains substances that promote the production of the joy hormone - serotonin.

You can't buy health. Stress is a social phenomenon. Stress is a social phenomenon. And it is impossible to completely protect yourself from it. And it is impossible to completely protect yourself from it. Sometimes, we ourselves provoke unnecessary conflicts. We show aggression even towards people close to us. Let's be kinder to each other. Be more attentive to other people's problems. Yes, you can’t hide from stress. But we have a responsibility to reduce its harmful effects.

Emotions are a person’s subjectively experienced attitude to various stimuli, facts, events, manifested in the form of pleasure, joy, displeasure, grief, fear, horror, etc.
Stress is the body's response to external stimuli.

History of the term
The term “stress” was first introduced into physiology and psychology by Walter Cannon in his classic works on the universal fight-or-flight response.

Symptoms of stress:
headache;
prostration;
unwillingness to do anything;
loss of faith that the situation will improve in the future;
excited state, desire to take risks;
partial memory loss due to shock;
reluctance to think and analyze the situation that led to a stressful state;
changeable mood;
fatigue, lethargy.

Stress relief
Stress relief can only be achieved by deep rest, the deeper the better. On the website lifegoods.kz you can find a lot of information on how to relieve stress with the help of a good bed or a high-quality air mattress.

Steps to Relieve Stress
Treat yourself to a cup of tea. Tea can both invigorate and calm your nerves. Green tea relieves tension, mate tea tones, and ginger tea is called the “elixir of love.”
Eat bananas. Substances contained in bananas promote the production of serotonin, the hormone of joy.
Play sports. After some time, you will not only become more balanced, but you will also see positive transformations in your figure.
Aromatherapy. Create an aroma around you: a few drops of lavender, chamomile or valerian have a calming effect. Anise, orange and basil stabilize mood, eliminate depression, sadness and anxiety.

Self-regulation
Musculature. The simplest, but quite effective way of emotional self-regulation is relaxation of facial muscles. By learning to relax the facial muscles, as well as voluntarily and consciously control their state, you can learn to manage the corresponding emotions.
Breath. An important reserve in stabilizing your emotional state is improving your breathing.
Visualization. Effective emotional self-regulation is also facilitated by the use of imagination or visualization techniques.
Visualization is the creation of internal images in the human mind, that is, the activation of the imagination with the help of auditory, visual, gustatory, olfactory, tactile sensations, as well as their combinations.

Visual example of presentation slide design:

Topic: “Stress and its impact on humans”

While living, be able to survive everything, sadness and joy,
and anxiety.
F.I.Tyutchev
Selye believed that an integral part of our life is stress, but it is not only evil, but also good. Without stress, a person is doomed to a colorless existence.

What is stress?

Stress- it is a process of internal changes in the body's systems in response to any strong or prolonged environmental influence.
Stress - This is an ancient acquisition of evolution: all living organisms without exception are capable of falling into a state of stress: from single-celled plants and animals to mammals.

Hans Selye's concept of stress

The word “stress” was first used in 1936 by the Canadian scientist Hans Selye.
Translated from English, it means “tension,” the body’s response to any demand presented to it.
According to Selye's definition, stress is a nonspecific reaction of the body to various influences.
Factors that cause stress are called stressors (fear, pain, physical or mental stress).

Causes of stress Phases of stress

A state of anxiety - the body evaluates the nature of the impact, a feeling of difficulty arises.
Increased resistance - all the body's defenses are mobilized.
Exhaustion phase - a person feels that his strength is running out.

The effect of stress on the human body

Stress is the human body’s response to negative emotions, overexertion, or even monotonous bustle. It can be caused by conflict situations at home, at work, divorce, death of a relative, serious illness, imprisonment and much more. Back in the 20th century, stress was called the “epidemic of the century.” Despite the fact that humanity has entered the 21st century, the end of this epidemic is not in sight. Moreover, the psychological stress on a person is rapidly increasing, and the stress itself is noticeably “younger”.

Stress and human health Determining the type of nervous system

0-25: This amount may not bother you. However, still pay attention to the signals of your body, try to eliminate weak points.
26-45: there is no cause for concern in this situation either. However, don't ignore the warning signs. Think about what you can do for your body.
46-60: Your nervous system is weakened. A change in lifestyle is necessary for health. Analyze the questions and your answers to them. This way you will find the direction of the necessary changes.
Over 60: Your nerves are very frayed. Urgent measures are needed. Be sure to consult a doctor.

General principles of dealing with stress. Connect with arrows “Phases of stress” Thank you for your attention!

Presentation on the topic: "Stress and its effect on the body"— Presentation transcript:

1 Stress and its effect on the body

2 Impact on the physiological state of the body: constant headaches; chronic lack of sleep; exacerbation of diseases of the cardiovascular system; development of alcohol and drug addictions; fast fatiguability; decreased concentration and memory; exacerbation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the occurrence of gastritis and ulcers.; decreased immunity and, as a result, regular viral diseases.

3 The main consequences of stressful situations: insomnia; neuroses and depression; aggressiveness, irritability, fits of anger; unwillingness to live or do anything.

4 Career and stress. The main reasons: monotony or high pace of work; short deadlines for task completion and reboot; unhealthy diet at work; inappropriate work schedule; conflict situations with superiors or colleagues; harmful working conditions.

5 Causes of stress in a child: family (separation from relatives, divorce of parents, quarrels, birth of another child); fears (age-related, inspired, conscious and unconscious); misfortunes (changes in the child’s living conditions, death of a relative); medical (fear of doctors or pain, injury); social (conflicts with other children, fear of being misunderstood, competition); telephone, computer (emotional stress on the psyche).

6 Stress and family. There are problems associated with this: in communication (hot temper, conflict, suspiciousness do not strengthen the relationship between spouses); in the intimate sphere; in professional activities (loss of job, deterioration in the financial well-being of the family).

7 Ways of fighting: exercise consisting of a regular strong scream; breathing exercises; exercises to relax parts of the body or facial muscles; sports activities (team games or individual exercises) or ordinary household work that allows active movement (washing floors, weeding the garden); support from loved ones; singing, music, dancing.

8 Conditions for healthy sleep: regular exercise; taking a warm bath, listening to soft, calm music; hormone melatonin; ventilated, quiet and dark room.

Presentation on the topic Stress and its effect on the body

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Description of the presentation by individual slides:

Stressors are factors that cause tension in the body; mental stressors; physical conflict situations; cold, hunger, pollution, infections.

Stress (translated from English as “tension”) is a state of tension that arises in a person under the influence of strong influences.

Canadian pathophysiologist Hans Selye was the first to talk about stress. He defined stress as a set of protective reactions of the body to the influence of any stress factors. (1907-1982)

Under the influence of stress in the human body, the following occurs: Increased blood pressure; Increased heart rate; Slow digestion; Sweating; Acceleration of breathing; Increase in blood sugar, etc. Selye called these changes general adaptation syndrome.

Mobilization Resistance Exhaustion Stages of stress

If you do not learn to manage your psyche and remain in a state of severe stress for a long time, the likelihood of various diseases increases.

So how does stress affect the body, and how can we help ourselves? The effect of stress on the HEART. The main burden of stress falls on our heart. For comparison, at rest the heart pumps 5-6 liters of blood. In a stressful situation, these numbers increase to 15-20 liters. And this is three to four times more! In middle-aged and older people, the risk of strokes and heart attacks increases significantly. How to help yourself? In this situation, the heart needs to be calmed. A simple exercise is suitable for this. Inhale deeply for five seconds, then exhale for a count of five. Thus, you need to take thirty inhalations and exhalations. Never wash down stress with coffee or alcoholic beverages. They raise blood pressure, putting even more strain on the heart.

So how does stress affect the body, and how can we help ourselves? The effect of stress on MUSCLES. During times of danger, the brain sends a signal to the muscles, and blood flow to them increases significantly. The muscles swell, preparing for active action. If physical activity does not occur, the blood in the fibers stagnates. How to help yourself? To relieve muscle tension, it is recommended to jog for five to ten minutes.

So how does stress affect the body, and how can we help ourselves? The effect of stress on the EYES. Stressful information enters the brain, in particular, through the organs of vision. As a result, unpleasant sensations may appear in the eyes: increased pressure, tension, pain, dry mucous membranes, and the effect of “sand in the eyes.” If you are often nervous, your vision may deteriorate from constant stress. How to help yourself? To relax the eye muscles, there is a simple but effective exercise. Close your eyes and make several movements with them left and right, up and down, in a circle. And so on for several minutes.

So how does stress affect the body, and how can we help ourselves? The effect of stress on the BRAIN Information about danger is sent through the senses to a special part of the brain called the hypothalamus. After processing the information, the hypothalamus sends signals to all parts of the body, putting them on high alert. This causes a narrowing of the blood vessels in the brain. With age, cholesterol accumulates in blood vessels, making them brittle. Therefore, their sharp narrowing can provoke a stroke. How to help yourself? To prevent this from happening, you need to take care of your health in advance. When blood vessels narrow, the pressure increases. Daily walks in the fresh air and healthy eight-hour sleep will help bring it back to normal.

So how does stress affect the body, and how can we help ourselves? The effect of stress on the STOMACH. During nervous overstrain, a spasm of the capillaries of the stomach occurs. This prevents the secretion of mucus, which forms a protective barrier on the walls. Gastric juice (hydrochloric acid) begins to eat away at the stomach tissue, leading to the formation of ulcers. How to help yourself? If you want to help your stomach, drink 200 milliliters of still mineral water every three hours. Low-fat chicken broth or warm tea with milk helps. But avoid salty and fatty foods for a while.

Ways to deal with stress Nature, music, reading. Communicate with people who are strong, optimistic, and united by common interests Support for loved ones

Switch to the good, remember the happy moments Play sports Take a contrast shower Crumple the newspaper, make this lump as small as possible and throw it as far as possible or tear the newspaper into small pieces.

Paint with paints Eat right, follow a daily routine Wash the dishes or do the laundry Enjoy life

Communicate with animals Do exercises to relieve stress

Simonova Tatyana Nikolaevna

26.12.2016

Material number: DB-052218

The author can download the certificate of publication of this material in the “Achievements” section of his website.

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"The influence of stress on the human body"

Stress is not a disease or a pathology, stress is a norm of life. Stress is normal, not hard and scary.

Under the influence of stress, the body works at its limit.

According to the laws of nature, in moments of stress we are supposed to fight or flee. Modern society does not accept such behavior. In our civilized times, we often have to resolve conflicts more peacefully. But this doesn’t make it any easier for the body! He continues to be on alert, wasting his reserves in vain. Everything would be fine if the body had time to recover. Unfortunately, the rhythm of our life does not allow this.

The effect of stress on the body most often manifests itself in urban residents. And the larger the city, the more often the state of stress occurs. More contacts and communication. Consequently, there is a greater chance of encountering rudeness. For residents of rural areas, stress is a novelty. A measured life in nature and the absence of casual contacts with strangers significantly reduce the likelihood of stressful situations. Perhaps this is why many families are trying to buy their own house in the suburbs.

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"The influence of stress on the human body"

The effect of stress on the body

For the first time the term “stress” was introduced into physiology and psychology by Walter Cannon (English Walter Cannon ) in his classic works on the universal fight-or-flight response ( English fight-or-flight response) .

Renowned stress researcher Canadian physiologist Hans Selye V 1936 published his first paper on general adaptation syndrome , but for a long time avoided using the term “stress”, since it was used in many ways to denote “neuropsychic” tension (the “fight or flight” syndrome). It was not until 1946 that Selye began to systematically use the term "stress" for general adaptive tension.

Stress is a special state of the body. With it, the body works to the limit of its capabilities. A similar state occurs when we are faced with physical danger or psychological aggression. The muscles temporarily become stronger, the heart rate increases, and brain activity increases. Even your vision becomes sharper.

Under the influence of stress, the body works at its limit.

The effect of stress on the body is most often manifested in urban residents . And the larger the city, the more often the state of stress occurs. More contacts and communication. Consequently, there is a greater chance of encountering rudeness. For residents of rural areas, stress is a novelty. A measured life in nature and the absence of casual contacts with strangers significantly reduce the likelihood of stressful situations. Perhaps this is why many families are trying to buy their own house in the suburbs.

So how does stress affect the body, and how can we help ourselves?

Also in 1920 years, while studying at Prague University, Selye drew attention to the fact that the beginning of the manifestation of any infections the same (fever, weakness, loss of appetite). In this generally known fact, he discerned a special property - the universality, non-specificity of the response to any damage. Experiments on rats have shown that they give the same reaction to both poisoning and heat or cold. Other researchers have found a similar reaction in people who have received extensive burns.

Under stress, along with elements of adaptation to strong stimuli, there are elements of tension and even damage. It is the universality of the “triad of changes” that accompanies stress - a decrease thymus , enlarged cortex adrenal glands and the appearance of hemorrhages and even ulcers in the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract - allowed G. Selye to put forward a hypothesis about the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), which was later called “stress”. The work was published in 1936 in the journal Nature. Many years of research by G. Selye and his colleagues and followers around the world confirm that stress is a nonspecific basis for many diseases.

Selye identified 3 stages of general adaptation syndrome:

anxiety reaction (mobilization of adaptive capabilities - these capabilities are limited)

For each stage, characteristic changes in neuroendocrine functioning are described.

The effect of stress on the heart.

The main burden of stress falls on our heart. For comparison, at rest the heart pumps 5-6 liters of blood. In a stressful situation, these numbers increase to 15-20 liters. And this is three to four times more! In middle-aged and older people, the risk of strokes and heart attacks increases significantly.

In this situation, the heart needs to be calmed. A simple exercise is suitable for this. Inhale deeply for five seconds, then exhale for a count of five. Thus, you need to take thirty inhalations and exhalations.

Never wash down stress with coffee or alcoholic beverages. They raise blood pressure, putting even more strain on the heart.

Effect of stress on muscles

During times of danger, the brain sends a signal to the muscles, and blood flow to them increases significantly. The muscles swell, preparing for active action. If physical activity does not occur, the blood in the fibers stagnates.

The effect of stress on the brain.

Information about danger is sent through the senses to a special part of the brain called the hypothalamus. After processing the information, the hypothalamus sends signals to all parts of the body, putting them on high alert. This causes a narrowing of the blood vessels in the brain. With age, cholesterol accumulates in blood vessels, making them brittle. Therefore, their sharp narrowing can provoke a stroke.
To prevent this from happening, you need to take care of your health in advance. When blood vessels narrow, the pressure increases. Daily walks in the fresh air and healthy eight-hour sleep will help bring it back to normal.

The effect of stress on the eyes.

Stressful information enters the brain, in particular, through the organs of vision. As a result, unpleasant sensations may appear in the eyes: increased pressure, tension, pain, dry mucous membranes, and the effect of “sand in the eyes.” If you are often nervous, your vision may deteriorate from constant stress.

To relax the eye muscles, there is a simple but effective exercise. Close your eyes and make several movements with them left and right, up and down, in a circle. And so on for several minutes. Then press firmly on your eyelids, wait about five seconds until white spots appear before your eyes. Let go of your hands, you can open your eyes. It is a good idea to massage the bridge of the nose in the corners of the eyes on both sides. If possible, sit in a relaxed position for 15-20 minutes.

The effect of stress on the stomach.

During nervous overstrain, a spasm of the capillaries of the stomach occurs. This prevents the secretion of mucus, which forms a protective barrier on the walls. Gastric juice (hydrochloric acid) begins to eat away at the stomach tissue, leading to the formation of ulcers.

If you want to help your stomach, drink 200 milliliters of still mineral water every three hours. Low-fat chicken broth or warm tea with milk helps. But avoid salty and fatty foods for a while.

The effect of stress on the kidneys.

During times of stress, the hormone adrenaline is produced in the kidneys. It enhances cardiac activity and muscle performance.

To protect your kidneys from destruction, drink unsweetened green tea.

Stress and pharmacology

To treat exhaustion of the nervous system (which occurs as a result of prolonged (chronic) and/or intense stress), nootropic drugs are used medicinal facilities. To symptomatically reduce the severity of stress, they are used anxiolytics , tranquilizers .

The concept has two meanings - “stress caused by positive emotions” and “mild stress that mobilizes the body.”

A negative type of stress that the body cannot cope with. It undermines human health and can lead to serious illnesses. Suffering from stress immune system. People under stress are more likely to become victims infections, since the production of immune cells drops markedly during periods of physical or mental stress.

Emotional stress is called emotional processes, accompanying stress and leading to unfavorable changes in the body. During times of stress, the emotional reaction develops earlier than others, activating autonomic nervous system and her endocrine support. With prolonged or repeated stress, emotional arousal can stagnate and the functioning of the body can deteriorate. .

Psychological stress, as a type of stress, is understood differently by different authors, but many authors define it as stress caused by social factors .

Stress is a process of internal changes in the body's systems in response to any strong or prolonged environmental influence. Stress is an ancient acquisition of evolution: all living organisms without exception can fall into a state of stress: from single-celled plants and animals to mammals.

Canadian physiologist Hans Selye was the first to talk about stress. He noted that the body’s reaction to different drugs is initially the same. He called this reaction the general adaptation syndrome, which was later called stress.

We are used to understanding stress as something negative, but this is not so. Stress helps the body maintain its internal environment unchanged and constant. Many environments of the body: blood, lymph and others - must have certain properties, if these properties change the body dies. So the main function of stress is to ensure the preservation of these properties, that is, maintaining homeostasis of the body (constancy of the internal environment).

The stress response develops not only to negative influences, but also to positive ones, if only they significantly change the situation for the body. Regardless of whether you are happy about an unexpected bonus or, on the contrary, upset about a large fine, on a physiological level the initial reaction to both of these events will be the same. It doesn’t matter to the body whether it is good or bad, what matters to it is how much the properties of blood, lymph and other tissues have changed, whether it can live with these changes and how to return them back. The body cares about reality, not our fairy tales around experiences.

Stress is not a disease or a pathology, stress is a norm of life. Stress is normal, not hard and scary.

Stress is a social phenomenon. And it is impossible to completely protect yourself from it. Sometimes, we ourselves provoke unnecessary conflicts. We show aggression even towards people close to us. Let's be kinder to each other. Be more attentive to other people's problems. Yes, you can’t hide from stress. But we have a responsibility to reduce its harmful effects. Health, as we know, cannot be bought.

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Presentation on the topic “Stress and its impact on humans”

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Presentation for schoolchildren on the topic “Stress and its impact on humans” on life safety. pptCloud.ru is a convenient catalog with the ability to download powerpoint presentations for free.

Good morning, seventh graders!

I am glad to welcome you to the life safety lesson! My name is Svetlana Gennadievna.

Topic: “Stress and its impact on humans.”

goals and objectives of the lesson:

- get acquainted with the concept of STRESS, with stress factors (stressors), - understand that fear is one of the stress factors, a very strong fear. — we will consider the impact of stress on a person and his health, — we will formulate general principles of dealing with stress to ensure psychological balance and maintain health.

Canadian pathologist Hans Selye

1907 - 1982 years of life formulated the concept of stress as a state of tension that arises in a person under the influence of strong external influences

A stress factor is an impact on the human psyche that causes a stress response.

Stress as the body's response to a stress factor

includes hundreds of measurable physiological changes in the body - increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, slowing and stopping of digestion, and increased blood sugar levels.

In these changes, Selye identified three stages: mobilization, resistance, exhaustion

“The world is not as it is, but as we see it.” A. Schopenhauer

The effect of stress on the human body:

Write it down in your notebook: causes heart disease; leads to increased blood pressure; disrupts the functioning of the body's immune system, which increases the risk of infectious diseases; leads to stomach and duodenal ulcers; depletes the body's mental energy; leads to disruption of normal human activities.

General principles of dealing with stress.

Develop the belief that only you are responsible for your emotional and physical well-being; You need to be an optimist (a person who sees more positive things in life...) Know: the source of stress is not the event itself, but your perception; Look at life in lighter colors (no need to darken what is happening); Do physical exercise and sports regularly; Set yourself feasible tasks (what you can actually handle); You need to enjoy life, get joy from every day; Maintain a balanced diet (vitamins, volume, 3 meals a day); Maintain a daily routine (go to bed on time, rest and alternate work); It is necessary to sleep in good conditions and at least 8-9 hours; Give up bad habits (don't drink alcohol, don't drink drugs, don't smoke).

Homework.

Write a mini-essay “How I deal with emotions.” At least 10 proposals.

Red: I am satisfied with the lesson, the lesson was useful for me, I worked a lot, usefully and well in the lesson, I received a well-deserved grade, I understood everything that was said and what was done in the lesson. Yellow: the lesson was interesting, and I took an active part in it, the lesson was useful to me to a certain extent, I answered from my seat, I was able to complete a number of tasks, I felt quite comfortable in the lesson. Green: I got little benefit from the lesson, I didn’t really understand what was going on, I didn’t really need it, I didn’t understand the homework, I wasn’t prepared for the answer in the lesson.