Chess rules and placement of pieces on the board. Chess board

Chess is played on a 64-square board: 8 horizontal rows, numbered, and 8 vertical rows, designated in Latin letters from A to H. The fields of the chessboard are divided into black and white, they are painted in dark or light colors, respectively. Each field has its own address - the intersection of a vertical letter and a horizontal number. The board is positioned between the players so that the dark corner square is to the left of the player, for example, square A1 for white, square H8 for black.

Rules of the game of chess. , their initial position

Two people play chess, each has a starting set of 16 pieces, one has a light color - white, the other has a dark color - black. At the beginning of the game, the chess player has the following pieces: king, queen, 2 bishops, 2 knights, 2 rooks and 8 pawns. The player playing white places his pieces on the first two horizontal lines, the black ones are located on the 7th and 8th horizontal lines.

I will describe how to place the pieces using White as an example: you place your 8 pawns on the second rank, the rooks in the corners, next to them are the knights, behind them are the bishops, and in the center of the first rank are the queen and the king. In order not to confuse which central squares of the first line the queen and the king are located on, there is a rule - the queen loves her color, that is, if you play with white, then the queen goes to the white square D1, if with black, then to the black - D8.

Rules of the game of chess. Moves

A move is the movement of one's piece from the field where it stands to another free field or a field occupied by an opponent's piece. In the second case, someone else’s piece is removed from the board, one’s own piece is put in its place, and this action is called capturing, or simply “eaten a piece.” You cannot go to the fields where your own figure stands. Pieces, with the exception of the knight, cannot jump over their own or others. Each figure moves according to its own specific rules.

So, how do the figures move:

— Pawn moves only forward, if this is her first move, then she can move two squares, in the future she can only move 1 square. The pawn eats on 1 square diagonally, obliquely forward.

A pawn has the opportunity to eat someone else's pawn if, on its first move, the opponent's pawn passes a square, stopping on which it could have been eaten - this is called an en passant capture. When capturing en passant, someone else's pawn is removed from the board, and yours is placed on the square where the pawn could have been eaten.

If the pawn reaches the last rank (for white it is the eighth, for black it is the first), then it is transformed into any other piece, with the exception of the king, at the request of the player. For example, your pawn reaches the end, you remove it from the board and place a queen on the same square.

— Rook moves to any field vertically or horizontally (left - right, top - down).

— Elephant moves to any square diagonally, and if the bishop initially stood on a white square, then it is called a light-squared bishop and it moves only along the light squares of the diagonals. Likewise with the dark-squared bishop.

— Queen- the strongest piece in chess, can move to any square vertically, horizontally and diagonally.

— King- can only walk 1 square in any direction.

But he cannot move to broken squares - these are squares on which your piece can be eaten by your opponent’s next move.

The king has a special move in interaction with the rook, it is called castling. If the king has not moved since the beginning of the game, then it can castle with the rook. The king moves 2 squares to the side, and the rook stands next to it.

— Horse moves with the Russian capital letter “G” in any direction, that is, two squares vertically and one horizontally or two horizontally and one vertically. The knight is the only chess piece that can jump over both its own and other people's pieces.

Rules of the game of chess. Goal, win or draw

The chess players take turns making moves, with White making the first move. The game of chess continues until a victory or a draw. You win if you checkmate your opponent. To better understand what checkmate is, let's start by looking at the concept of check.

Shah- this is a move after which the enemy king finds himself on the square you beat, that is, under the threat of being eaten. Such a move means giving (declaring) check to the king. The king who is in check must eliminate the check with his next move, for example, move to another square or defend against the check with his piece or eat the piece that gives the check.

Mat- this is when the king is in check and cannot eliminate this check, that is, the player who made an irresistible check checkmated his opponent.

The game ends in a draw if there is no way to checkmate, for example, one has only a king left, and the other has a king and a bishop or a king and a knight. It is impossible to checkmate with just one knight or bishop, so a draw is recorded. If one of the players puts Pat, then this is also considered a draw.

Pat- this is when a position appears on the board in which the opponent cannot make a move. A stalemate is similar to a checkmate, with a very important exception; a checkmate involves a check, while a stalemate does not.

The most common misconceptions regarding the rules of chess can be found.

Any chess game starts with the same thing. Players place pieces on the board and draw lots to see who will play which color. Let's see how the placement of chess pieces on the board is done.

Battlefield

The playing field in chess is a square divided into 64 small cells, painted white and black. This is where the expression “checkerboard” comes from. It is worth noting that calling the colors “white and black” is more of a tribute to tradition. are made from a variety of materials - wood, bone, granite, marble, amber... Therefore, it would be more correct

name the sides - light and dark.

Amateur games usually take place on an unmarked field, but professional games are recorded. Therefore, to record the players' moves, markings similar to the game of sea battle are used. On one side there are numbers from 1 to 8, on the other - Latin letters from “A” to “N”.

The placement of chess pieces on the board begins with cell A1. Rows of “whites” line up from this corner. The black pieces are placed exactly opposite. Here we need to clarify. In amateur games, it doesn't matter which side of the board you play on. In official matches, they line up exactly as indicated by the rules for placing chess pieces.

Let's look at all the figures separately.

Pawn

The simplest and weakest piece on the board, capable of becoming any other, but only if it reaches the end of the board. Pawns can only move in a straight line. They move one cell forward. The exception is the first move of a pawn standing on its starting line, but it cannot “jump over” a piece blocking its path. Pawns attack only diagonally one square.

The placement of pawns is very simple. If we talk about a professional match, then the white pawns line up in row “2”, and the black pawns line up in row “7”. Pawns fence off your main "troops".

Rook

In order for the placement of chess pieces on the board to be correct, we will start placing the pieces from the very corner of the board. White rooks are placed in cells A1 and A8. Another name is a tour, or in common parlance a tower. Thus, they are a kind of support for your troops on the flanks. The rook moves and attacks only in a straight line and is not able to jump over other pieces. When used correctly, this piece will become the basis of your defense.

Horse

Perhaps the most versatile figure. In skillful hands, a horse brings chaos to the enemy's ranks. Due to his unexpected moves, you can force your opponent to make a blunder and completely change the outcome of the match. It’s not for nothing that there is a catchphrase “to make a knight’s move.” At the beginning of the game, the knights are placed on the squares next to the rooks. According to the official rules, these will be cells B2 and G2.

By the way, the horse is the only piece that can jump over others. That is, at the very beginning of the game, when the pawns are still blocking his path, he can go outside the camp. The horse moves in the letter “L”, that is, to determine the place where it can be placed, count three squares in the desired direction in a straight line, and then one to the right or left.

Elephant

The zoo continues. In fact, there are many names for this figure. In different countries he is called differently - jester, runner, officer, the only figure that has undergone changes since the creation of chess. Initially, she only moved two squares and, like a knight, was able to jump over pieces. Now the bishop moves diagonally as many squares as desired, but does not jump, but stops or hits the piece it reaches. The correct placement of chess pieces requires that the bishop is immediately after the knight on cells C1 and F1.

Queen

Or the queen. It can be called differently, but this piece is the most valuable on the board, except for the king. The queen moves in all directions and is a kind of mixture of a rook and a bishop. He doesn’t know how to jump over pieces, and, as children who know how to play love to cheat when teasing their friends, he doesn’t know how to hit pieces that he passed by.

The order in which the chess pieces are placed means that the white queen is placed on square D1. A good way for children to remember this is the expression "the queen loves her color." Looking at the board, you can see that the white queen is placed on a white square, and the black queen is placed opposite it, on a black one.

King

Finally, we reach the central figure in the chess match. The king is the most clumsy and useless figure in terms of attack. Although sometimes it can act as a “pushing” factor. He moves, like the queen, in all directions, but only one square. There is another way to move the king, but only if he and the rook have not yet moved and there are no other pieces between them. Castling is carried out in 1 move in 2 stages. First, the rook on the right/left “reaches” the king, then the king jumps over it and stands next to it. This leaves two options:

1. King G2, rook F2.
2. King C2, rook D2.

The placement of the chess pieces on the board indicates that the white king is placed on square E1.

That's all. We have finished placing the white pieces on the board. Blacks are located on the opposite side of the field in a mirror manner.

Chess on the Internet

Perhaps this is all you need to know about chess. Play for fun and remember that this is not just a board game, but a real strategic battle that tests your intelligence, composure and ability not to panic in difficult situations.

Chess is a game for two. One player (White) uses white pieces, and the second player (Black) usually plays with black pieces. The board is divided into 64 small black and white squares (fields).

There is a system (notation) that describes the situation on the board and the movement of all the pieces and pawns.

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

In this system, vertical rows of fields are called lines (verticals) and are designated by Latin letters: a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h. Horizontal rows of fields are called rows (horizontals) and are numbered from 1 to 8 (1st row, 2nd row, etc.). Each square has its own designation (for example, square e4, indicated by a yellow circle on the board).

EXAMPLE 3

Sloping rows of fields - diagonals are indicated by end fields, for example: a2-g8 And h4-d8 diagonals (marked with red lines). While verticals and horizontals include fields of different colors, diagonals consist of fields of the same color, either white or black fields. For example, diagonal b1-h7 white-field (marked with a green line), and the diagonals c1-a3 And a3-f8 black-field (marked with a blue line). 2 diagonals consisting of 8 fields ( a1-h8 And h1-a8) are called long (main) diagonals (marked with yellow lines).

EXAMPLE 4

STARTING POSITION

At the beginning of the game, each side has:

Pawns and pieces (all together) are called material. At the beginning of the game, the parties have material equality. The goal of the game is to capture the enemy king. This is called mate the king.

Queen and rooks are heavy pieces. Bishops and knights are light pieces.

Chess pieces in the notation are described as follows: king - Kr; queen - F; rook - L; elephant - C; horse - K; pawn - p.

In chess game notation, the designation pawn (p) is most often omitted.

The arrangement of pieces and pawns at a given moment on the board is called a position or situation. The diagram shows the starting position.

White occupies the first and second ranks, black - the seventh and eighth. The board should be positioned so that the top left corner field is white ( h1 for whites and a8 for blacks). In the initial position, the white queen must stand on a white square ( d1) and the black queen - on the black square ( d8).

EXAMPLE 5

The left half of the chessboard (a to d) is called the queenside, and the right half of the board (e to h) is the kingside.

EXAMPLE 6

Four central fields ( d4, d5, e4, e5) are called 2 center. This is a very important section of the board.

MOVES

Any movement of a piece or pawn on the board is called a move. Players take turns making moves, with the white player starting first.

You cannot move a piece to a square that is already occupied by your own piece or pawn. The knight is the only piece that can jump over squares occupied by its own pieces or pawns and enemy pieces.

Rook

The rook can move any number of squares along the horizontal or vertical lines.

In the diagram, the white rook can move to any square on the e-file or to any square on the 4th rank, a total of 14 squares are available to it.

EXAMPLE 7

Elephant

The bishop can move any number of squares along the diagonal.

In the diagram, the white bishop on d4 can move to any square on the diagonals a1-h8 And g1-a7, a total of 13 fields are available to him. The other white bishop has only 7 squares at its disposal.

In the starting position, each player has one bishop, which can only move on white squares, and one bishop, which can only move on black squares. They are often called light-squared and dark-squared bishops.

EXAMPLE 8

Queen

The queen can move any number of squares vertically, horizontally and diagonally, as shown in the diagram.

Thus, the queen combines the capabilities of a rook and a bishop, and can also move along both white and black diagonals. The diagram shows that the queen standing on d4, 27 fields available. This mobility makes the queen by far the strongest piece.

EXAMPLE 9

Horse

The horse moves in a very unusual way.

From a black field e5 The white knight can go to one of the 8 white squares, as indicated by the arrows. The knight will move 1 square forward and one square diagonally and only on a field of the opposite color to the field on which it is at the beginning of the move. The diagram shows that the horse jumps over the field d5 and stands on the field c6 or c4; through e6 on the field d7 or f7; through f5 on the field g6 or g4, and through e4 on d3 or f3. The knight always moves from a white square to a black square and vice versa. We can say that the horse moves in the letter "G".

EXAMPLE 10

This is the only piece that can jump over its own and other people's pieces.

Although the white knight is surrounded on all sides by his own and others' pieces and pawns, this does not prevent him from moving to the squares marked with markers.

The horse stands out for its exceptional maneuverability.

A well-known problem is to move a knight around the entire board, visiting each square only once. Mathematicians have found that there are more than 30 million such routes. Although the best minds have been solving this problem for several centuries, no one has established the exact number of such routes.

EXAMPLE 11

King

The king can move one square in any direction (diagonal, vertical, horizontal).

On the diagram, the squares to which the king can move are marked with dots.

In the corner of the board, the king's mobility decreases: on the extreme horizontal line, only 5 squares are available to him. When the king is located on a corner square of the board, only 3 squares are available to him.

EXAMPLE 12

TAKE

A piece can capture an enemy piece or a pawn standing in its path. This piece is removed from the board and its place is taken by the piece that makes the move. After which the move is considered over. A piece can capture an enemy piece or pawn only if it can move to the square on which the captured piece is located.

White's move. The white queen simultaneously threatens the black rook and bishop and can capture one of these pieces. Since the rook is a more valuable piece, White takes the rook on d4. The following position appears:

EXAMPLE 13

Before taking.
1. Јd4 After taking:

The player is not obligated to make an eventual capture.

Pawns

To designate a pawn, we will add the file on which it is located or the square: f-pawn, g4-pawn, and so on. Pawns are also called by the name of the piece located on this vertical in the initial position: queen pawn (d pawn), king pawn (e pawn), rook pawn (a or h pawns), knight pawn (b or g), bishop pawn (c or f).

Unlike pieces, which can move in any direction, a pawn can only move one square forward vertically. An exception for the initial position, for example, a white pawn on the second row and a black pawn on the 7th row can move 2 squares forward at once.

Pawns move only vertically, but captures are made diagonally, left or right.

On diagrams, white pawns can only move up, and black pawns can only move down.

Let's look at the pawn moves in the diagram. The white pawn a4 can only move to one square:

EXAMPLE 14

[Since the white pawn c2 in the initial position, then she can go 1. c3;

The white d4 pawn does not threaten the black king, but can capture one of two black pieces: 1. dc;

Black can make the following moves with pawns: 1... ab

In addition to the usual capture, a pawn can capture an enemy pawn (but not a piece) on the pass.

The situation (example 15) arises after the moves

1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. e5 f6

A similar situation can arise if Black plays 3... f5 instead of 3... f6

EXAMPLE 15

Now White has the right to take the black f-pawn on the pass with his e-pawn. To do this, White removes the black pawn from the board and moves his pawn to f6. In notation: 4. ef

However, if White does not immediately use the right to capture on the pass, then on the next move he will already lose it. If in diagram 1 White does not play 4. exf6, then on the next move he can no longer take this pawn. Only the white pawn on the fifth rank and the black pawn on the fourth rank can gain the right to capture en passant.

The mobility of a pawn and its attacking potential are much lower than that of any piece (rook pawns control only one square, and the remaining pawns control two squares). However, a pawn can be promoted to any piece except a king. When a pawn reaches the last row (the white pawn is the 8th row and the black pawn is the 1st row) it can be promoted to a piece (queen, bishop, rook or knight) of the same color, regardless of whether there are already such pieces on the board or not. This is called promoting a pawn.

Thanks to this pawn ability, a player can have more pieces of a certain type than in the initial position, several queens, for example. Most often, a pawn turns into the strongest piece - a queen.

When a pawn reaches the last row, the notation after the pawn's move indicates the piece into which the pawn is promoted. At position on the diagram, the notation would look like this:

EXAMPLE 16

1.d8 Ј - this means that the white pawn has reached the 8th row and has become a queen.

A pawn can also be promoted to a queen by taking the bishop on e8: 1. de Ј ;

White can promote his pawn to any other piece. In this case, for example, it is best to take the bishop and turn the pawn into a knight, which immediately attacks both the black king and queen 1. de ¤

NOTATION

In this position, White moves the knight from e3 to c4, simultaneously attacking the black rook on b6 and the pawn on d6. An attack like this is called a double strike. Black removes the rook to b8, and White wins the d6 pawn.

Now Black faces a new danger: White threatens the bishop on c6. To avoid the threat, Black moves him to d7. Let's represent these moves using chess notation. White's first move

EXAMPLE 17

1. ¤ c4, where 1 is the move number, K is the abbreviation of the piece making the move, and c4 is the square to which the piece moved. White's next move and Black's response are described in the notation in the same manner. The symbol used to indicate taking x(multiplication sign), for example 2. TO xd6. Now we can list all the moves in this example: 1... ¦b8 2. ¤d6 Ґd7 Three dots before a move (when necessary) indicate that it is Black's move.

Chess is a very old game. Chess is believed to have originated in India in the fourth or fifth century, but it is not known who invented it. Chess is an intellectual competition between two players. This is a very logical game where luck plays a small role.

The game of chess involves two sides, black and white, each with one player. The chessboard consists of 64 squares, light and dark, alternating in color. The board is divided into eight columns and eight rows. Columns are designated by letters (from left to right: a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h), rows are designated by numbers (from top to bottom: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8). Thus, each cell has a designation based on which column and row it is in. First in the cell entry there is a column, then a row, for example, the cell in the lower left corner is designated a1 (column a, row 1).

The board is always placed in such a way that the nearest corner square to the right of the player is light. Each cell can either be empty or be occupied by a piece. The initial chess position consists of 16 white pieces and 16 black pieces arranged as shown below.

General rules of chess

Players take turns. White always goes first. White chooses a piece to move and places it on another square, based on the rules for moving this piece. They always move with one piece at a time, the exception to this rule is castling, when two pieces are involved at once (king and rook). The square on which a piece steps can either be empty, or it can be occupied by a piece from the opposite side. In the latter case, the enemy piece captured. Otherwise they say what's going on take figures. The captured piece is removed from the board and no longer takes part in the game. (Taking is not a mandatory action.)

Capturing and castling are discussed in more detail in the following sections:

Chess pieces

On the bottom row in the figure above, where the white pieces are located, are (from left to right): rook(also called tour or tower), horse, elephant, queen(also called queen), king, another bishop, another knight, and another rook. In the second row of white figures there are eight pawns. Please note that the queen in its initial position always occupies a square of the same color as the queen itself (i.e., the white queen is placed on a light-colored square, and the black queen is placed on a dark-colored square).

Each chess piece has a certain value (usually they are measured in pawns, i.e. each piece replaces a certain number of pawns). A queen is worth 9 points, so it is much more valuable than a pawn, whose value is only 1 point.

The table below lists all the chess pieces with their pictures, names, symbols, and values. The king is not valued in chess, because it is the most important piece, and if he is checkmated (see below), the game is lost. Although some sources give him 200 points.

Each piece in chess moves differently. All chess pieces are described in more detail in the following sections:

The purpose of the game of chess

The goal of the game is to put mat to the enemy king. Checkmate precedes check. If playing as White, then Black's king is put in check if White can capture it (in other words, if it is under attack by White's piece). To prevent White from capturing the black king on the next move, black must make a move that removes the king from check.

If Black cannot escape from check, then the Black king is declared checkmated and White wins the game. One way to describe checkmate is: checkmate is a position in which the king is in check and the player cannot make a single move to escape check. Another option for the development of events is when Black is NOT in check, but he cannot make a single move (due to the threat of being in check and/or due to inaccessible squares). This situation is called stalemate. When a stalemate occurs, the game ends in a draw.

The options for ending a chess game are described in more detail in the following sections:

Other rules of chess

• A pawn, having reached the last square, can be promoted to a queen, rook, bishop or knight in the same move - this process is called pawn promotion. The result of the transformation occurs immediately. Therefore, if a pawn is promoted to a queen, the queen, if the situation allows, immediately puts check or even checkmate to the enemy king.
• Each move must be made with one hand.
• A piece that a player has already taken must be moved only if its movement does not put his king in check. This rule is called “take it - go.”
• If an enemy piece is touched, it must be captured if possible. If this is not possible, then the game continues as if the piece had not been touched.
• A player can correct a piece on the board during his turn by saying “I’m correcting.”
• During castling, the king moves first and then the rook.
• When a clock is used, the button on it must be pressed by the same hand that moved the piece during the move.
• The game must be played with respect for the opponent. A player must not distract or interfere with his opponent.
• The player can voluntarily surrender, in which case he loses and his opponent wins. A player can also offer a draw - if the opponent accepts the offer, it is declared a draw, otherwise the game continues.
• 50-move rule: If there have been 50 consecutive moves by both white and black, without a single capture or pawn move, a draw can be claimed.

There are also some other rules of chess. For a complete list of rules, see

To an ignorant person rules of chess may seem quite simple, but in practice everything is different.

To begin with, it is worth saying that chess is a game involving two people. The pieces they move are located on different sides of the board, which contains 64 squares of black and white.

Different pieces move alternately across the 64 squares of the board. The game begins with the correct installation of the board. It is necessary that each player has a white square in the lower right corner, and a black square in the left corner.

The chessboard is marked horizontally with letters from a to h, and in the vertical direction - with numbers from 1 to 8. It is with their help that the current game is recorded.

Because The article is quite large - we made it easy to navigate.

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The meaning of playing chess

When the game begins, there are 16 pieces on both sides. The main goal of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king. Checkmate in this case is a situation in which the opponent's king cannot escape check. This situation occurs only when all the cells around are occupied by their own pieces, or they are located under attack from the opponent. Checkmate is also possible if it is impossible to block check from another piece or you yourself cannot capture the piece that declared check.

This is a project for beginners, approved by our readers, in which you or your child can improve their playing skills, complete a chess level, and in a short time grow to a prize-winner of regional tournaments. The teachers are FIDE masters, online training.

Arrangement of pieces in chess

If you don’t know how to arrange chess on the board, then read this paragraph. The opponents play on opposite sides of the board, one of them moves with white pieces, the other with black pieces. The pieces in each game are arranged identically as follows:

• Lines number 2 and 7 are pawns;
• The corners of the board are rooks;
• Next to the rooks are knights;
• Next to the horses are elephants;
• In the middle is the queen (must stand on a square of the same color as it: white on white, black on black);
• The king stands next to the queen.

The first move in the game goes to the player with the white pieces (the decision about who plays which pieces is made by lot). So, first the white pieces move, then the black ones, then the white ones again, then the black ones, etc.

In the image below you can see how to correctly arrange the chess pieces.

How chess pieces move

The most significant and significant chess piece is the king. Possible moves of a piece: diagonally, horizontally, vertically to an adjacent field. The king does not have the right to make moves to an adjacent field if it is attacked by one of the opponent’s pieces, or if there is another piece of the same color as the king on this field.

The queen is the most powerful piece in chess. Its conditional value is 8 pawns. It combines the strength of both the rook and the bishop, as it can move vertically, diagonally and vertically (if there are no other pieces in the way).

The rook has the right to make moves in the vertical and horizontal directions if there are no other pieces in its path. The conditional value of a rook is 5 pawns.

The bishop can move diagonally to any square if there are no other pieces there. There are black-sexed and white-sexed elephants (the former walk across black fields, the latter - white).

Knight – conditional value – 3 pawns. Possible year - in the shape of the letter "L". This means that at the beginning of the move it can move two cells in the vertical direction, after which it can move one cell in the horizontal direction. Also, the possible move of the knight is one square in the vertical direction and two in the lateral horizontal direction. The knight piece has the right to “jump” over other pieces.

Pawns have the right to move in a vertical direction, but can also attack diagonally and take the place of the piece that was captured. In a situation where the pawn is located in its original position, it can move through one square or go only the next square forward. In the case when she is already in the game (that is, she has made moves), she can only move one square forward.

Convert and take on the pass

A distinctive feature of pawns is that they have the right to become other pieces (except the king). To do this, the pawn must reach the last line of the board (the first for Black and the eighth for White). The choice of piece is made by the player who makes the move. As a rule, a pawn is promoted to a queen.

A pawn can also capture en passant, that is, capture another player’s pawn piece that was moved simultaneously onto two squares of the board.

Castling in chess

Castling occupies a special place among all the rules of the game of chess. How to castle in chess is described below. This move makes it possible to simultaneously move the rook out of the corner of the chessboard so that it takes a more advantageous position, and also to secure the king. The essence of castling is that the king's piece changes position towards its rook by two squares, after which the rook moves to the adjacent square on the other side of the king's piece. However, it is simply impossible to make a long castling in chess; for this, a number of important conditions must be met:

• The king moves for the first time in the current game;
• The moved rook moves for the first time in this game;
• There are no other pieces on the squares between the king and rook pieces, they are free;
• The king is not in check, and the squares he is about to occupy or cross must not be occupied or attacked by enemy pieces.

Below is a picture that will show how to castling correctly. The picture shows short and long castling.

Chess: rules of the game. Checkmate

At the beginning of the article it was said that the main goal of the chess game is to checkmate the king of the opponent in the game. To do this, the king must be in check, but he can get out of it using one of three ways:

• Ensure safety by moving to another square of the board (castling in this case is not allowed);
• Take the piece with which the opponent is going to make a check (if possible);
• Defend against an attacking piece with another piece, with your own piece.

If it is impossible to avoid checkmate, the game comes to an end. In this case, the king remains on the board, but the game is considered over.

Also, if you want to learn how to play chess, learn the basic rules, you will need to know in what cases a draw is declared. There are 5 rules:

• If a player is supposed to move next but is unable to do so due to the position of the pieces;
• Consent on the part of both players;
• Lack of a sufficient number of pieces on the board to checkmate the opponent;
• 50 consecutive moves were made, but none of the opponents made pawn moves, or captured an opponent’s pawn or piece;
• A player can declare a draw if the same positions have been repeated three times.

Rules for playing blitz chess

Blitz chess is a type of chess game in which both participants are given 5 minutes to make all moves. The rules for blitz chess are the same as for regular chess, the only difference is that all moves must be made very quickly.

In this case, the players require utmost attention and composure. The most important rule: moves must be made very quickly, the most time may be required at the beginning of the game, so it is recommended to practice a lot and learn well all the possible variations of the different stages of the chess game.

It’s also a good idea if you learn, while playing regular chess, how to place various types of checkmates, and quickly size up pieces in a short time in order to gain an advantage over your opponent.

Having familiarized yourself with the rules described above, you can already try to play your first chess game. However, in order to learn to play really well, you need time, long training, training, studying different positions, moves, nuances of games and, of course, constant practice.