Mechanisms for the formation of extracurricular activities. Implementation of personal universal learning activities through extracurricular activities in physics using the example of the “learning to experiment” circle

It is difficult to solve these problems by means of classroom activities alone, for which resources from extracurricular activities are used. The purpose of this work is to study the formation of universal educational actions of junior schoolchildren in extracurricular activities in the Russian language.

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INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………….3

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF UNIVERSAL LEARNING ACTIONS………………………………….……………….5

1. FUNCTIONS OF UNIVERSAL LEARNING ACTIONS…………. 5

1.2 TYPES OF UNIVERSAL LEARNING ACTIONS......................8

CHAPTER 2. FORMATION OF UNIVERSAL LEARNING ACTIONS OF JUNIOR SCHOOL CHILDREN IN EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES……………………………………………………………………...... 12

2.1 ORGANIZATION OF EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES FOR JUNIOR SCHOOL CHILDREN………………………………………………………………………………..12

2.2.EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AS A MEANS OF FORMING UNIVERSAL LEARNING ACTIONS…………………………….17

CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………...26

LIST OF REFERENCES ………………………..28

P Appendix……………………………………………………………...31

INTRODUCTION

The formation of universal educational activities for junior schoolchildren in the Russian language involves the development of initial ideas about the unity and diversity of the linguistic and cultural space of Russia. As well as the formation of concepts about language as the basis of national identity, students’ understanding that language is a phenomenon of national culture and the main means of human communication, awareness of the importance of the Russian language as the state language of the Russian Federation, the language of interethnic communication and other UUDs. It is difficult to solve these problems by means of classroom activities alone, for which resources from extracurricular activities are used.

Extracurricular activities within the framework of the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard of NEO should be understood as educational activities carried out in forms other than classroom activities. It is aimed at achieving the planned results of mastering the basic educational program of primary general education.

The purpose of this work is to study the formation of universal educational actions of junior schoolchildren in extracurricular activities in the Russian language.

Objectives of this work:

1. Describe the UUD, consider their types and functions;

2. Consider the extracurricular activities of junior schoolchildren in the Russian language as a means of developing universal educational activities.

Object of study: universal learning activities.

Subject of study:means of forming UUD in extracurricular activities in the Russian language.

Research method:theoretical analysis of literature on the problem.

The course work consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references and an appendix.

Chapter 1. General characteristics of universal educational activities

1.1 Functions of universal educational actions

In the Concept of Federal State Standards of General Education, universal educational activities are understood as “... a set of ways of a student’s actions that ensure his cultural identity, social competence, tolerance, ability to independently acquire new knowledge and skills, including the organization of this process.” 1

In a broad sense, the term “universal learning activities” means the ability to learn, i.e. the ability for self-development and self-improvement through the conscious and active appropriation of new social experience.

The formation of universal educational actions in the educational process is carried out in the context of mastering various academic disciplines. Each academic subject, depending on the subject content and ways of organizing students’ educational activities, reveals certain opportunities for the formation of educational learning.

General educational universal actions:

Independent identification and formulation of a cognitive goal;

Search and selection of necessary information; application of information retrieval methods, including using computer tools;

Action with sign-symbolic means (substitution, encoding, decoding, modeling transformation of an object from a sensory form into a model, where the essential characteristics of the object are highlighted (spatial-graphic or sign-symbolic);

Ability to structure knowledge;

The ability to adequately, consciously and voluntarily construct a speech statement in oral and written form;

Selecting the most effective ways to solve problems depending on specific conditions;

Reflection on methods and conditions of action, control and evaluation of the process and results of activity;

Meaningful reading as understanding the purpose of reading and choosing the type of reading depending on the purpose;

Statement and formulation of the problem, independent creation of activity algorithms when solving problems of a creative and exploratory nature.

The development of universal educational actions is ensured by the assimilation of educational content and the formation of the student’s psychological abilities.

The implementation of the activity approach in education, the application of which is explicitly oriented by the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard, is carried out in the course of solving the following tasks:

Definition of the main results of training and education in terms of the formation of personal qualities and universal educational actions;

Constructing the content of educational subjects and education with a focus on essential knowledge in certain subject areas;

Definitions of the functions, content and structure of universal educational activities for each age/level of education;

Identification of age-specific forms and qualitative indicators of the formation of universal educational actions in relation to the cognitive and personal development of students;

Determining the range of educational subjects within which specific types of universal educational activities can optimally be formed and in what form;

Development of a system of standard tasks for diagnosing the formation of universal educational actions at each stage of the educational process.

The criteria for assessing the development of students’ learning skills are:

Compliance with age-psychological regulatory requirements;

Correspondence of the properties of universal actions to predetermined requirements. 2

Age-specific psychological standards are formulated for each type of UUD, taking into account the stages of their development.

The following properties of actions are assessed:

Level (form) of action execution;

Completeness (extensiveness);

Reasonableness;

Consciousness (awareness);

Generality;

Criticality and mastery

The formation of universal educational actions in the educational process is determined by three complementary provisions:

The formation of universal educational actions as the goal of the educational process determines its content and organization.

The formation of universal educational actions occurs in the context of mastering various subject disciplines.

Universal educational actions, their properties and qualities determine the effectiveness of the educational process, in particular the acquisition of knowledge and skills; formation of the image of the world and the main types of competencies of the student, including social and personal competence.

Universal educational activities perform the following functions:

Ensuring the student’s ability to independently carry out learning activities, set educational goals, search for and use the necessary means and methods to achieve them, monitor and evaluate the process and results of the activity;

Creating conditions for the harmonious development of the individual and his self-realization based on readiness for lifelong education;

Ensuring the successful acquisition of knowledge, the formation of skills, abilities and competencies in any subject area.

The universality of the nature of educational activities is manifested in the fact that they are supra-subject and meta-subject in nature: they ensure the integrity of general cultural, personal and cognitive development; ensure continuity at all stages of the educational process; are the basis for the organization and regulation of any student’s activity, regardless of its specific subject content.

1.2 Types of universal learning activities

As part of the main types of universal educational activities, 4 blocks can be distinguished. 3

The main types of universal educational actions include personal, regulatory (including self-regulation actions), cognitive, and communicative learning activities.

Personal UUD provide children with value and semantic orientation (the ability to correlate actions and events with accepted ethical principles, knowledge of moral standards and the ability to highlight the moral aspect of behavior) and orientation in social roles and interpersonal relationships.

Regulatory UUDprovide the organization of educational activities (goal setting as setting an educational task based on the correlation of what is already known and learned by the student and what is still unknown;

Planning determining the sequence of intermediate goals, taking into account the final result; drawing up a plan and sequence of actions;

Forecasting anticipation of the result and level of assimilation, its time characteristics;

Control in the form of comparison of the method of action and its result with a given standard in order to detect deviations and differences from the standard;

Correction making the necessary additions and adjustments to the plan and method of action in the event of a discrepancy between the standard, the actual action and its product;

Assessment identification and awareness by the student of what has already been learned and what still needs to be learned, awareness of the quality and level of assimilation.

Volitional self-regulation as the ability to mobilize strength and energy; the ability to exert volition to make a choice in a situation of motivational conflict and to overcome obstacles.

Cognitive UDinclude general academic, logical, and problem-solving skills.

General Study Skills:

The ability to adequately, consciously and arbitrarily construct a speech utterance in oral and written speech, conveying the content of the text in accordance with the purpose (in detail, concisely, selectively) and observing the norms of text construction (compliance with the topic, genre, style of speech, etc.);

Statement and formulation of the problem, independent creation of activity algorithms when solving problems of a creative and exploratory nature;

Action with sign-symbolic means (substitution, encoding, decoding, modeling)

Logic skills:

Comparison of concrete sensory and other data (in order to highlight identities/differences, determine common features and draw up a classification);

Identification of concrete sensory and other objects (with a view to including them in a particular class);

Analysis isolating elements and “units” from the whole; dismemberment of the whole into parts;

Synthesis composing a whole from parts, including independently completing, replenishing the missing components;

Seriation ordering objects according to a selected basis.

Communicative UUDensure social competence and conscious orientation of students to the positions of other people (primarily a partner in communication or activity), the ability to listen and engage in dialogue, participate in collective discussion of problems, integrate into a peer group and build productive interaction and cooperation with peers and adults;

Planning educational cooperation with the teacher and peers determining the purpose, functions of participants, methods of interaction;

Raising questions proactive cooperation in searching and collecting information;

Conflict resolution identification, problem identification, search and evaluation of alternative ways to resolve the conflict, decision making and its implementation;

Managing the partner’s behavior control, correction, evaluation of the partner’s actions;

The ability to express one’s thoughts with sufficient completeness and accuracy in accordance with the tasks and conditions of communication; mastery of monologue and dialogic forms of speech in accordance with the grammatical and syntactic norms of the native language.

From the point of view of information activity, sign-symbolic UUDs are system-forming for all other types of UUDs, since they all refer to informational, sign-symbolic models. 4

Thus, achieving the ability to learn requires students to fully master all components of educational activity, which include: cognitive and educational motives, educational goal, educational task, educational actions and operations (orientation, transformation of material, control and evaluation). The ability to learn is a significant factor in increasing the efficiency of students’ mastery of subject knowledge, the formation of skills and competencies, the image of the world and the value-semantic foundations of personal moral choice.

Chapter 2. Formation of universal educational actions of junior schoolchildren in extracurricular activities

2.1. ORGANIZATION OF EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES FOR JUNIOR SCHOOL CHILDREN

The introduction of a new generation standard into the practice of elementary schools allows teachers to form universal educational actions not only in the classroom, but also in extracurricular activities.

The purpose of organizing extracurricular activities is to create conditions for junior schoolchildren to achieve the best results in mastering the basic educational program.

Creating a comfortable educational environment contributes to the development of the personal characteristics of a primary school student, described in the standard as “Portrait of a primary school graduate,” which are based on the result of the formed universal learning activities (UAL) and spiritual and moral education and development. 5

The choice of program content is determined by the following factors:

The competence of teachers in the field of achieving meta-subject and personal results by junior schoolchildren in mastering the basic educational program of primary general education;

Implementation of a systemic activity approach in extracurricular activities;

The use by teachers of effective methods aimed at the spiritual and moral development and education of students;

The current model for monitoring extracurricular activities.

Regulatory and legal framework for organizing extracurricular activities

1. Educational program of primary general education.

2. Agreements with institutions of additional education.

3. Regulations on extracurricular activities.

4. Regulations on the “Portfolio of a primary school student.”

5. Job description of the deputy director for educational work at the primary stage of education.

6. Job description of a primary school teacher. 6

The model for organizing extracurricular activities is presented in Appendix 1.

Objectives of extracurricular activities:

1. developing positive communication skills;
2. developing skills in organizing and implementing cooperation with teachers, peers, parents, and older children in solving common problems;
3. fostering hard work, the ability to overcome difficulties, determination and perseverance in achieving results;
4. development of a positive attitude towards basic social values ​​(person, family, Fatherland, nature, peace, knowledge, work culture);
5. deepening the content, forms and methods of students’ employment in their free time;
6. organizing information support for students;
7. improvement of the material and technical base.

Principles of organizing extracurricular activities:

Continuous additional education as a mechanism to ensure the completeness and integrity of education as a whole;

Systematic organization of management of the educational process, taking into account the sociocultural characteristics of the gymnasium, development programs;

By diversifying the directions and forms of organizing extracurricular activities;

Interaction with institutions of additional education, culture and sports; unity and integrity of partnership relations of all subjects of additional education;

Development of the individuality of each child in the process of social self-determination;

Meeting the needs of students and their parents;

Optimal use of the academic and vacation periods of the academic year;

Implementation of the capabilities of educational and methodological kits used in the educational process.

Types of activities for junior schoolchildren:

Educational collaboration (collectively distributed educational activities, including collective discussion, group, pair work);

Individual educational activities (including independent work using additional information sources);

Game (including the highest types of game - dramatization game, director's game, game according to the rules);

Creative (including artistic creativity, design, concept formation and implementation of socially significant initiatives);

Labor (self-service, participation in socially useful work, in socially significant labor actions);

Sports (mastering the basics of physical education, getting to know various sports, experience participating in sports competitions);

Self-government activities (participation in the activities of a children's organization);

Free communication (self-presentation, training, discussion, conversation).

Areas of extracurricular activities:

1. sports and recreation;
2. spiritual and moral;
3. general intellectual;
4. general cultural;
5. social.

Forms of organization:

Circle,

Section of the school scientific society,

Psychological training,

Literary Association,

Studio, workshop,

Club,

Olympics,

Sport section.

Conditions for the implementation of the extracurricular activity program:

Design and implementation of work programs for extracurricular activities;

Staffing;

Methodological support;

Logistics support. 7

Technologies for organizing extracurricular activities

Monitoring extracurricular activities

The purpose of monitoring research is to create a system for organizing, collecting, processing and disseminating information that reflects the effectiveness of modernization of extracurricular activities and additional education according to the following criteria.

Expected results:

Creating optimal conditions for the development and recreation of children;

Expanding opportunities for the creative development of the student’s personality and the realization of his interests;

Creative self-realization of children;

Formation of skills in collective and organizational activities;

Psychological comfort and social security of each child;

Preserving the image of the school as a socially active one, developing the traditions of the school;

Formation of a single educational space;

Development of student self-government at all levels;

Active, mass participation in ongoing target programs and projects at various levels;

Using the potential of open educational space.

Thus, creating conditions for junior schoolchildren to achieve the best results in mastering the basic educational program and the formation of universal educational activities is the goal of organizing extracurricular activities.

Maps for achieving personal and meta-subject results in first grade are presented in Appendix 2.

2 . 2. Extracurricular activities of junior schoolchildren in the Russian language as a means of developing universal educational activities

The Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education (FSES IEO) defines the relevance of the concept of “functional literacy”, the basis of which is the ability to set and change the goals and objectives of one’s activities, plan, monitor and evaluate it, interact with the teacher and peers in the educational process, act in situations of uncertainty. 8 Quite great demands at the present stage are placed on the formation of functional literacy of a junior schoolchild, which creates an optimal level of language and speech development for primary language education, ensured by cognitive, communicative, value-semantic, informational and personal competencies.

Naturally, it is impossible to solve this problem by means of lesson activities alone. It is necessary to use extracurricular activities to develop functional language literacy. The program interprets it as a personality-oriented interaction between a teacher and a child, the goal of which is to provide conditions for the child’s development and his formation as an individual during his school years. 9

In this regard, we can consider the activities in the elementary school of the “Young Linguist” circle-laboratory, which is based on educational and research activities. This activity is aimed at developing personality, acquiring the functional skill of studying language as a universal way of mastering reality, and activating a personal position when schoolchildren can independently acquire new knowledge. The role of the teacher is to organize educational and research activities, create a creative atmosphere, provide motivation, initiate and provide pedagogical support for children, and accompany them.

When designing the research activities of junior schoolchildren in the Russian language, the following model can be considered the most acceptable:

Facing a language problem;

Activity planning;

Collection of scientific facts on the problem;

Experimentation, practical application of acquired language knowledge;

Conclusions based on analysis and synthesis of the data obtained;

Analysis and self-assessment of one’s own activities.

Let us give an example of the organization of educational and research activities when studying phraseological units in the “Young Linguist” laboratory in the 3rd grade.

Any activity begins with a motive, which acts as an incentive to action. At the same time, students discover the limits of their own ignorance. Students face a problem that needs to be solved. The motivation for the study of phraseological units was the situation when, while studying works of fiction in literary reading lessons and when reading at home, children encountered expressions that were difficult for them to understand. Similar expressions were heard from many adults. There were difficulties in understanding what was read or heard. 10

Thus, junior schoolchildren were faced with the task of studying expressions that were unfamiliar to them in the Russian language - phraseological units. 11

Research activities, including educational ones, involve the development of hypotheses. In this case, the hypothesis was as follows: by studying set expressions and understanding their meaning, you can not only better understand works of art and the people around you, but also enrich your speech.

When planning educational and research activities, children would be asked to answer the questions “What do I want to know about phraseological units? and “Why do I need to know this?”

Answers to the first question showed what children want to know

The meaning and meaning of widespread phraseological units;

The history of the emergence of set expressions in the Russian language;

The role of phraseological units in the Russian language, as well as explore phraseological units in other languages ​​and compare them with Russian ones.

The answer to the second question involves the practical use of acquired knowledge.

The largest part of the work on any creative or research topic is the search for information, or the collection of scientific language facts. The success of such activities directly depends on whether the younger student knows how to search for the necessary information and process it.

In this regard, the teacher has a very important task: to introduce students to the information storage system and teach them how to quickly search and process information. Today there are alternative sources of information: library databases, educational, scientific and fiction literature, Internet databases.

The collection of scientific facts when studying phraseological units would be organized in the form of presenting a system of tasks to students.

Task 1. Among the expressions you have, choose those that seem familiar to you, but you do not fully understand their meaning or do not understand it at all.

To complete this task, children would unite in groups of about 5 people. Each group would useyour own set of phraseological units, as you complete the task, exchanging cards with each other.

Thus, students would be placed in conditions of educational cooperation, when they need to share their own experiences with their peers.

Task 2. Distribute all marked expressions among group members. Find their meanings.

To complete this task, it is advisable to form small interest groups, approximately 3 people each. Work on determining the meanings of set expressions would be organized in a computer class using Internet resources. To do this, website addresses would be selected in advance, taking into account their safety for children. After completing the task, the children would be able to exchange the information received by reading out their favorite expressions.

Thus, carrying out these tasks would help expand students’ vocabulary, develop the ability to work with a dictionary, dictionary entry, develop communication skills, and also improveinformation and communication competencies of schoolchildren. The result would besmall dictionaries of phraseological units, which could then be printed and usedin Russian language and literary reading lessons.

Task 3. What are phraseological units? How did they arise in the Russian language?

Working in groups again. They could uselinguistic dictionaries, articles, encyclopedias, write down what they thought was important and significant. Students would exchange the information found and discuss the information received, recording them on a common sheet, arranging them in a logical order. Thus, knowledge about phraseological units would deepen, children would learn to work with information, highlighting the necessary and discarding the unimportant, continuedwould be the formation of educational cooperation skills, i.e. schoolchildren learned to study.

Functional literacy, in addition to the ability to learn, also presupposes a tolerant and respectful attitude towards other peoples and their cultures. We consider one of the conditions for the formation of a functionally literate linguistic personality to be the ability to build a dialogue of cultures that allows for a conversation with society. This means that a person is able to understand the views of representatives of different cultures, times and ages, distinguishing between his own and others’ points of view; turn to texts of another culture when solving educational problems; treat with understanding a different image of the world in the works of a different culture. 12

In order to develop a respectful attitude towards the languages ​​of other peoples, children would be asked to look for phraseological units in other languages ​​and compare them with stable expressions of the Russian language. So, you can organize work to search for phraseological units in the languages ​​of the peoples inhabiting our country, or turn to the languages ​​of the peoples living in the neighborhood of Russia. First of all, we would look at the national composition of the class, and also examine the language that children learn in foreign language lessons (English).

Phraseological units from different languages ​​would be compared, as a result of which children would come to the idea of ​​​​the originality of the phraseology of each language, that it reflects the values, ideals, and ideas of people about the world, about their lives. Thus, an attitude towards language as a cultural value is formed.

When studying the role of phraseological units in the Russian language, linguistic observation and linguistic experiment would be used. For example, students would be given the task at home to select works of art in which phraseological units are found. Then, during one of the laboratory classes, schoolchildren would find, underline and write down in these worksphraseological units, explaining their meanings, replaced set expressions with ordinary words and compared the resulting texts.

Original text

I was once on friendly terms with him. But one day he (got off his left foot, or what?) started to fight me. I'm heading home as fast as I can! I barely lost my legs! But now I don’t set foot near him. He won't have my leg anymore! 13

Changed text

I was once friends with him. But one day he (was in a bad mood, or what?) began to fight with me. I quickly ran home! Escaped with difficulty! But now I don’t go to him. And I will never come to him again!

Students conclude that phraseological units are needed for the expressiveness of speech, its imagery, brightness and accuracy.

Phraseologisms are often used in folk tales and children's poems.

Here are some examples:

They say at mom's

Hands are not simple.

They say at mom's

Hands are golden.

I'll take a closer look,

I'll take a closer look.

I stroke my mother's hands,

I don't see any gold.

(M. Rodina)

Early in the morning mummy

I sent my son to class.

She said: “Don’t fight,

Don't tease, don't get cocky,

Hurry up, it's time.

Well, no worries!”

An hour later, barely alive,

The cockerel goes home.

Barely hobbles

He's from the schoolyard

And on it in fact

There is neither fluff nor feather.

(V. Orlov) 14

By observing phraseological units in literary texts, primary schoolchildren practice finding and recognizing them, become familiar with the culture, and see examples of expressing emotions using phraseological units.

The position in education of “knowledge for knowledge’s sake” is becoming a thing of the past. Its place is taken by another: knowledge must be able to be applied in life to solve practical problems. This means that research work involves not only a theoretical, but also a practical part, experimentation, and the use of knowledge in practice.

You can offer children a variety of creative tasks:

Compose a story or fairy tale using your favorite phraseological units;

Make drawings that reflect the direct meaning of phraseological units;

Compose and solve a crossword puzzle; write a report, conduct an interview;

Come up with a fantasy story or a mystical thriller.

As an example, we can cite a story written by third-grader Daniil K.:

Ivan, who does not remember his kinship

Once upon a time there was a boy. His parents loved him very much and took care of him. The boy loved to play hockey. When he grew up, he did not want to bury his talent and left with the team to another city.

The parents really missed the boy, and he kept putting off the trip home. He behaved like a two-faced Janus: in telephone conversations he kept promising to come, but did not fulfill his promises.

The boy probably thought only of himself and did not care about his parents. After all, you don’t need to be a genius to remember your loved ones.

Based on the analysis and generalization of the educational and research work carried out, schoolchildren, together with the teacher, formulate conclusions. In the course of work, schoolchildren begin to understand and perceive phraseological units as a manifestation of the richness of the Russian language. They come to the realization that stable expressions enrich our speech, make it figurative, bright, emotional and include phraseological units in their speech. In addition, children learn to write scientific articles and reports, present them, and publish them in a school magazine. 15

At the end of the lesson, we would conduct an analysis and self-assessment of our own activities from the point of view of the personal contribution of each participant to the work done, if this is a collective activity, and from the point of view of personal significance in individual work.

Thus, through the organization of educational and research activities during extracurricular hours, the following UUDs are formed in the Russian language for younger schoolchildren:

Ability to set goals and plan;

Search and selection of relevant information and acquisition of the necessary language knowledge;

Practical application of school knowledge in various, including non-standard, situations;

Self-analysis and reflection;

Development of communicative competence.

All this contributes to the formation of a functionally literate linguistic personality of a primary school student and increasing its level.

Conclusion

Universal educational activities of junior schoolchildren in the Russian language are formed not only in class activities, but also in extracurricular activities, using various forms and methods.

In this work, the following tasks were solved:

1. Characteristics of UUD are given, their types and functions are considered:

universal educational activities were defined by the second generation Federal State Educational Standard and have been included in the educational activities of the school since 2009. The content section of the main educational program of each level of general education at school should include a program for the development of universal educational activities. There are 4 types of universal educational actions: personal, cognitive, communicative, regulatory;

2. The extracurricular activities of junior schoolchildren in the Russian language are considered as a means of forming universal educational activities, giving an example of the work of the “Young Linguist” circle-laboratory, which is based on educational and research activities. This activity is aimed at developing personality, acquiring the functional skill of studying language as a universal way of mastering reality, and activating a personal position when schoolchildren can independently acquire new knowledge.

Extracurricular activities in the Russian language at school pursue the same goal as Russian language lessons, but their tasks are much broader. It should contribute to the development of student independence, creative initiative, a more solid and conscious assimilation of the material studied in class, improve the skills of linguistic analysis, and increase the level of language development of schoolchildren. They can be successfully completed only if the specific methodological principles of its organization are observed and if its content is successfully determined. The teacher must take into account the psychological characteristics of younger schoolchildren, which will help him in the future not only to competently build the educational process, but also to contribute to the highest quality learning by children material.

List of used literature

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4. Entertaining grammar / Comp. E.G. Burlakov, I.N. Prokopenko. Donetsk: PKF “BAO”, 1997. - 512 p.
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Annex 1

Model for organizing extracurricular activities

Appendix 2

Map of achieving personal and meta-subject results in first grade

Appendix 3

The use of activity-type technologies to form certain types of UUD:

Cognitive UUD: Problem-based learning technology.

Technology for developing critical thinking through reading and writing.

Technology of educational research A.I. Savenkova

Regulatory UUD: Technology of activity-based teaching method.

Project method.

Communicative UUD: Technology of activity-based teaching method.

Project method.

1 “On the approval and implementation of the federal state educational standard for primary general education”: Order No. 373 dated October 6, 2009 // Bulletin of normative acts of federal executive authorities dated March 22, 2010 - No. 12

2 Pavlova, V.V. Diagnostic qualities of cognitive universal educational actions in elementary school / V.V. Pavlova // Primary school. 2011. - No. 5. P. 29

3 “On the approval and implementation of the federal state educational standard for primary general education”: Order No. 373 dated October 6, 2009 // Bulletin of normative acts of federal executive authorities dated March 22, 2010 - No. 12

4 “On the approval and implementation of the federal state educational standard for primary general education”: Order No. 373 dated October 6, 2009 // Bulletin of normative acts of federal executive authorities dated March 22, 2010 - No. 12

5 “On the approval and implementation of the federal state educational standard for primary general education”: Order No. 373 dated October 6, 2009 // Bulletin of normative acts of federal executive authorities dated March 22, 2010 - No. 12

6 Kolosova, M.V. Formation of universal educational actions of junior schoolchildren in extracurricular activities / M.V. Kolosova // Education quality management: theory and practice of effective administration. 2015. No. 2. P. 70

7 Kolosova, M.V. Formation of universal educational actions of junior schoolchildren in extracurricular activities / M.V. Kolosova // Education quality management: theory and practice of effective administration. 2015. No. 2. P. 73

8 “On the approval and implementation of the federal state educational standard for primary general education”: Order No. 373 dated October 6, 2009 // Bulletin of normative acts of federal executive authorities dated March 22, 2010 - No. 12

9 Approximate basic educational program of an educational institution. Primary school / comp. E. S. Savinov - M.: OAO Prosveshcheniye, 2010. P. 31

10 Solomatina, L.S. Training in the creation of written texts of different types in the context of the transition to the Federal State Educational Standard for primary general education / L.S. Solomatina // Primary school. 2010. P. 19

11 Approximate basic educational program of an educational institution. Primary school / comp. E. S. Savinov - M.: OAO Prosveshcheniye, 2010. P. 39

12 Trubaychuk, L.V. Extracurricular activities in the Russian language as a means of developing functional language literacy of junior schoolchildren / L.V. Trubaychuk // Elementary school plus before and after. 2013. - No. 7. P. 78

13 Entertaining grammar / Comp. E.G. Burlakov, I.N. Prokopenko. Donetsk: PKF “BAO”, 1997. P. 187

14 Entertaining grammar / Comp. E.G. Burlakov, I.N. Prokopenko. Donetsk: PKF “BAO”, 1997. P. 189

15 Trubaychuk, L.V. Extracurricular activities in the Russian language as a means of developing functional language literacy of junior schoolchildren / L.V. Trubaychuk // Elementary school plus before and after. 2013. - No. 7. P. 80

Experience as a primary school teacher. Formation of UUD through extracurricular activities through projects

The formation of UUD in the activities of a teacher is, of course, the most important. Especially often, teachers are at a dead end when it comes to extracurricular activities.
The main goal of my teaching activity- this is the formation of a self-developing personality, that is, a personality willing and able to learn.
The student must be able to learn not only to master knowledge, skills and abilities, but also the ability, willingness to cooperate, self-education, and self-development. And this is also embedded in extracurricular activities, where the child’s direct spiritual and moral acquisition occurs in interaction with the teacher, in a friendly children’s environment and in interaction with social actors.
Areas of extracurricular activities form a single educational line with academic subjects. For example, the subject “The World around us” closely cooperates with project activities, which presuppose a high degree of independence and initiative of students, and shape the development of social skills of schoolchildren in the process of group interactions. This method is used in the circles “First Ecology”, “Young local historians”, “Nature is our home”. The object of study is the Krutinsky district: its social, cultural, spiritual, and natural environment. After all, it is the foundations of cognitive interest in studying the native land, as the microcosm surrounding the child, that creates the conditions for the formation of moral feelings and ethics of behavior. The goal of the projects is to obtain information based on observations, research and practical activities of children in nature, in society with its objects. Projects initiate reflection and encourage action that demonstrates citizenship in relation to the environment. The greatest interest among children is the possibility of establishing interdisciplinary connections in the process of research, independent search and discovery. Their actions become more meaningful.

It is possible to achieve the main result of any project activity in the joint creativity of children, teachers, parents, including each child in an independent search and creating a situation of success for each student. Therefore, the most valuable thing for me when working on any project is to captivate children, show them the significance of their activities and instill confidence in their abilities, as well as attract parents to participate in their child’s school affairs.
Initial training in design activities is aimed at developing fundamental skills in educational design. First of all, I form and develop the ability to plan. First, children learn to plan their activities and carry them out in accordance with the plan, then draw up a plan for themselves and others as instructions for solving a problem, and finally learn to carry out all stages of design technology. Before carrying out work, the manager needs to clearly build a logical diagram: goal, objectives, methods, final product.
Of course, at the beginning of 1st grade we completed short-term (simple) projects. For example, the project for Mother’s Day “The hands of our mothers are the most, the most..!” The children also confessed their love to their mothers in block letters, created a composition using drawings of what their mother’s hands could do, and in the center they attached the contours of their mothers’ hand-painted hands to the golden sun. Each child had the opportunity to tell everyone about their mother and touch her palm.
In order to develop children's understanding of wintering birds and interest in them, responsibility for all living things, developing communication skills and helping wintering birds, the project “Let's not leave the birds in trouble!” was created and implemented by students in grades 1 and 4, parents, and teachers. Among the planned results, I would especially like to note that the final product is the collection “Feathered Friends in Winter.” Having become acquainted with its sections, not a single person will remain indifferent to the beautiful creations of mother nature.
During the implementation of this project, various forms of work were used: conversations, excursions, observations, sketches, games, practical work, creation of a collection, environmental action.
After an excursion to the school park, work in the art studio, and a play session, we began practical work on making feeders and other devices. They were then placed in the school park. Since then, the guys have constantly worked with poultry canteens. The collection contained information about the birds that winter near us, literary works about them, reminders “How to feed birds in winter,” and drawings in the art gallery of the collection “Our Feathered Friends.” The children took the action to other classes of the elementary school. It was accessible and understandable to everyone, had a wide resonance, great educational impact and served as effective environmental propaganda.
Currently, a joint project (with 4th grade children) “Migratory birds also need help!” is under implementation.
Working on a project, the guys got involved in the work very easily, since the existing experience gave a positive result. Namely: children were already able, with the help of adults, to plan and carry out their activities, consider a problem and build a sequence of actions to solve the problem. A wealth of material was collected about the migratory birds of the region, dozens of works were read, including ancient bird calls in the spring, window pendants were made and painted - bird figurines made from salt dough to “invite” them to their region, birdhouses were made and hung together with their parents. school grounds near the garden so that birds can help destroy pests.
Thus, children who discover new sides in the already familiar, familiar, begin to form love and affection for their loved ones, for the Motherland, devotion to it, responsibility for all life on Earth, a desire to work for its benefit and take care of it.
I would especially like to note that project activities allow you to work on obtaining personal results in more comfortable conditions for this, not limited by the time frame of individual lessons. Focus on achieving specific goals, coordinated implementation of interrelated actions, limited duration in time with a definite beginning and end, originality and uniqueness - these are its distinguishing features from other types of activity. Working in a group (team), children become more attentive to their partners, learn to take seriously the thoughts and feelings of others, tolerance, and friendliness.

I.A. Suranova FROM WORK EXPERIENCE IN FORMING UUD IN EXTRA-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES.

Formation of UUD (universal learning activities) in extracurricular activities through the implementation of the “Paper Modeling” program

Suranova I.A. (from work experience)

Extracurricular activities are an integral part of the educational process and one of the forms of organizing students’ free time. Extracurricular activities are understood today primarily as activities organized outside of class hours to meet the needs of students for meaningful leisure, their participation in self-government and socially useful activities. Currently, in connection with the transition to new standards of the second generation, extracurricular activities are being improved. A properly organized system of extracurricular activities is the sphere in which cognitive needs can be maximally developed or formed and which will ensure the education of a free personality. Raising children occurs at any moment of their activity. However, it is most productive to carry out this education in your free time from studying. Extracurricular activities should focus their activities on each student so that he can feel his uniqueness and relevance.

“Children should live in a world of beauty, games, fairy tales, music, drawing, fantasy, creativity.” These words of V.A. Sukhomlinsky are perfectly reflected by the program for extracurricular activities “Paper Modeling”. The main goal of which is the harmonious development of students through artistic creativity. Classes in this course introduce children to the vast world of applied creativity and help them master a variety of technologies in accordance with individual preferences. Therefore, the main task is to develop the creative potential of children through artistic work and to develop applied skills in students.

The program is designed on the principle of consistently increasing the complexity of the technique of performing models, both throughout the course as a whole, from section to section, and within each section from the first to the last models. It develops “in a spiral”, i.e. the degree of difficulty of completing tasks changes. The program is designed for 4 years and consists of 4 sections: “Origami”, “Rigid Design”, “Paper Plastics”, “Fantasy”.

I will dwell on the positive, in my opinion, aspects of this program within the framework of the formation of universal educational activities. Program

thematic intersections are provided with such disciplines as mathematics (construction of geometric figures, marking with compasses, rulers and squares, calculation of required dimensions, etc.), the surrounding world (creating images of the animal and plant world), literary reading and the Russian language (attentive attention to the word , accuracy of formulations).

The program includes tasks aimed at actively searching for new information - in books, dictionaries, reference books. The transmission of educational information is carried out in various ways (drawings, diagrams, patterns, drawings, symbols). It is supplemented with tasks for 4th grade students of information and practical nature related to working on a computer in a limited Internet space. Children are offered different types of work - from searching for information to maintaining their own Internet page on the website Country of Masters http://stranamasterov.ru

The development of communicative competence is carried out through the acquisition of experience in collective interaction (work in pairs, in small groups, a collective creative project, dramatizations, presentations of one’s work, group games and holidays), and the formation of the ability to participate in educational dialogue. Working with teaching aids provides significant assistance in achieving the goals.

At the first stage, children observe, analyze the image of the craft, try to understand how it is made and from what materials. Next, they determine the main stages of work and their sequence, while learning the skills of independent planning of their actions. The goal of each lesson is to master a new technological technique or a combination of previously known techniques, and not an exact repetition of the craft proposed in the manual. This allows you to take into account the capabilities of each student, since options for both simplifying and complicating the task are allowed. Children can make products by repeating a sample, making partial changes to it, or implementing their own ideas.

The program provides for teaching material in an “upward spiral”, that is, periodically returning to certain topics at a higher and more complex level.

Let's take the topic "Origami".

THE BEGINNING is folding from a square, familiarization with symbols; acquaintance with information about the origin; with people involved in this technology

RESULT – complex compositions, creation of projects; exhibitions and work reports.

All tasks are appropriate in difficulty for children of a certain age. This

guarantees the success of each child and, as a result, develops self-confidence.

Workbooks are a great help in your work:

“School of Wizards” - 1st grade, “Magic Secrets” - 2nd

class, “Paper Magic” - 3rd grade, which represent a new type of teaching aids From the first pages of the notebook, children are greeted by fairy-tale characters - the Sorceress Fantasy, Master Glue, Tyaplyap, Gryaznokras. These are characters from T. Smirnova’s fairy tale Country of Masters.” Getting to know their magical adventures makes classes even more exciting.

Although I have little work experience, I would like to note a number of positive aspects when using workbooks as part of the formation of universal learning activities:

first, children can independently choose not only the type of work, but also the method of doing it: through experimentation, according to a diagram or according to a pattern;

Those students who like to gain knowledge experimentally do the work independently, looking at a photograph or map; For those who find it difficult, diagrams of the stages of work are provided. If this method of action turns out to be difficult for the child, he can use templates.

secondly, at the end of each topic there is a section “My achievements”, in which children learn to independently analyze their actions according to various indicators: the feelings that the work evokes, the number of products, accuracy, method of action.

third - all types of work can be performed both individually and collectively

fourth - completing tasks in notebooks is aimed at practicing basic operational skills - cutting, folding, corrugating, notching, gluing, etc. Fine motor skills of the hand develop, writing, reading and speech improve.

In addition to workbooks, you can use notebooks for practical work: “Paper Fantasies”, “Paper Kaleidoscope”, “Paper Gizmos”.

This program recommends the use of books from the “Favorite Image” series: “Butterflies”, “Dogs”, “Cats”, “Flowers”, “Trees” (author T.N. Prosnyakova). They contain interesting natural scientific information, fairy tales, riddles about representatives of the living world.

I will focus on the topic “Sunflower” (2nd grade)

In an extracurricular activity, when making this craft, I use material from the book “Flowers”. Children read a poem about this plant and learn what the Spanish conquerors called the sunflower when they first saw it in South America. "Peruvian sun flower", that is, formed cognitive UUD.

But the main thing is that when looking at this page, the children come to the conclusion that this craft can be done using another technique - the origami technique. In the first case, the petals are made using the technique of twisting corrugated paper. In the 2nd case - using the origami technique.

The guys observe, compare crafts and reason, find solutions, and plan their actions when performing the next work. This way they are formed regulatory learning activities.

By expressing their own opinions, listening to the opinions and ideas of their comrades, and making corrections in their statements, students form communicative actions, as well as personal UUD – positive attitude towards classes, interest in this type of activity.

And another value of the books in the “Favorite Image” series lies in the fact that they tell and show how children can create one image (for example, cats) with their own hands using various techniques from a variety of materials. This ranges from simple threads, corrugated cardboard, velvet paper, fabric, plasticine to origami and cone modeling. I would like to introduce you to

less interesting books. Book “Funny Figures. Modular origami" (author T.N. Prosnyakova) is dedicated to working with one technique - designing from modules folded using the origami technique. The origami figures are based on a simple module; children from 5 years old can fold them. Modular origami is perfect for the educational process, since large crafts are much easier to complete in a group.

The book “Quilling: creating compositions from paper strips” (authors A. Yurtakova and L. Yuratova). All products are made using the very popular quilling technique today - from various paper spirals. Each product is accompanied by step-by-step instructions from the authors and color photographs, so it is not difficult for children to complete the proposed compositions.

SO, during the “Paper Modeling” classes the following UUDs are formed:

Personal UUD – positive attitude towards creative activities; workplace organization skills.

Regulatory UUD – ability to work with paper; skills of correct finger placement - fine motor skills;

Cognitive UUD – skills of working with paper, understanding the information offered in manuals, searching for information from other sources; working with Internet resources;

Communicative UUD – building a logical chain of reasoning, the ability to draw conclusions.

Thus, the fundamental objective of the proposed course is precisely the development of cognitive abilities and general educational skills, and not the acquisition of any specific knowledge and skills.

Planned results of students mastering the “Paper Modeling” course program

workplace

The system for tracking and assessing children's learning outcomes takes place through participation in exhibitions and competitions on various topics:

"Easter miracle";

"Magic package";

Applied creativity competitions (All-Russian);

• March of Parks, etc.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

Completed by: primary school teacher

Naprienko O.A.

year 2012

Universal educational actions are generalized actions that open up the possibility of broad orientation of students, both in various subject areas and in the structure of the educational and extracurricular activities themselves, including students’ awareness of its target orientation and value-semantic characteristics.

Universal educational activities can be grouped into four main blocks: 1) personal; 2) regulatory; 3) cognitive; 4) communicative actions.

Goals of universal learning activities:

Foster a culture of communication;

Foster love and respect for others;

Bring together and unite the children's team;

Develop adequate self-esteem in schoolchildren;

Teach analysis of one’s own actions and actions;

Teach action planning;

Develop students' oral speech;

Develop creative abilities;

Instill an interest in reading additional literature and publications

According to the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for primary general education, extracurricular activities are organized in the areas of personal development (sports and health, spiritual and moral, social, general intellectual, general cultural).

To organize extracurricular activities, forms other than educational activities can be used.

• Studio
• Section
• Club
• An association
• Elective
• Scientific society
• Conference
• Meeting
• A game
• Competition
• Tournament
• Meeting
• Concert
• Play
• Practice (field, social)
• Excursion
• Cultural trip
• Hiking trip
• Subbotnik
• Landing
• other forms

Extracurricular activities may include individual lessons from a teacher with children who require psychological, pedagogical and correctional support (including individual lessons on oral speech, handwriting and writing, etc.), individual and group consultations for children of various categories, etc.

The areas of extracurricular activities should be considered as a meaningful guideline when constructing appropriate educational programs. Each of the identified areas can be implemented using any of the proposed types and forms of activity separately and comprehensively (it is possible to combine all components when developing a specific program of extracurricular activities).

Specific programs of extracurricular activities are an integral part of the main educational program of the educational institution. The structure of the programs includes: goals and objectives, expected results, resource provision, content of work, action plan, deadlines and forms of control.

Extracurricular activity programs independently compiled by teachers must be presented in writing and adopted by a decision of the pedagogical council of the educational institution.

Education at school should take place only through the joint activities of adults and children, children with each other, in which the only way is the appropriation (and not just recognition) of values ​​by children. At the same time, education fundamentally cannot be localized or reduced to any one type of educational activity; it must cover and permeate all types of educational (within the boundaries of different educational disciplines) and extracurricular activities.

This is exactly how the question is posed in the new Federal State Educational Standard of General Education, where extracurricular activities of schoolchildren are given special attention, space and time in the educational process.

The types and areas of extracurricular activities of schoolchildren are closely related to each other. For example, a number of areas coincide with types of activities (sports and recreational activities, cognitive activities, artistic creativity). Military-patriotic direction and project activities can be implemented in any type of extracurricular activity. They represent substantive priorities when organizing extracurricular activities. Socially useful activity can be objectified in such types of extracurricular activities as social creativity and labor activity. Consequently, all areas of extracurricular activities must be considered as a meaningful guideline.

One of the main directions and value foundations of the education and socialization of students is the cultivation of a value-based attitude towards nature and the environment - environmental education.Which I would like to dwell on.The state of the physical and spiritual health of a person depends on the state of the environment. Environmental education and upbringing of the initial forms of ecological culture of children begins with their understanding of the elementary relationships in nature, the development of initial practical skills of humane-creative and emotional-sensory interaction with natural objects of the immediate environment. Nurturing an ecological culture is a direct connection with the subject of the world around us, which contributes to the formation of meta-subject results.

Participation in various environmental events contributes to the formation of universal learning activities (ULA), i.e. promotes the child’s self-development and self-improvement through the conscious and active appropriation of new social experience.

Environmental actions (“Feed the birds”; “In defense of a green friend”; “Clean Coast”, etc.) contribute to the formation of:

Personal UUD, i.e. form the ability to assess life situations, correlate actions and events with accepted ethical principles; independently determine and express the simplest rules of behavior common to all people; make a choice about what action to take. For example, a person’s attitude towards our green forest beauty, towards complicity and all possible assistance in feeding birds, making birdhouses, preserving rare plants, etc.

Regulatory UUD (goal setting, planning, self-regulation). This is setting a learning task, drawing up an action plan, and overcoming obstacles.

Cognitive general educational UUD: search and selection of necessary information; setting and formulating the problem. For example, children already know that birds need winter feeding, but they do not always know what kind of food is needed for certain types of birds.

Communicative UUD: planning educational cooperation, asking questions, mastery of modern means of communication, the ability to convey one’s position to others, the ability to negotiate and respect the position of another. For example, during joint planning, preparing speeches, making posters, etc.

Creative environmental competitions contribute to the formation of:

Cognitive logical UUD: analysis of objects in order to isolate features, synthesis - composing a whole from parts; converting information from one form to another. For example, in order to draw an animal or write a story or fairy tale about it, you need to know its appearance, characteristics of life, habits, differences from others, etc.

Communicative UUD - proactive cooperation in searching and collecting information.

Ecological puppet shows contribute to the formation of:

Cognitive general educational learning tools: ability to model, semantic reading.

Logical UUD: generalization, comparison.

Communicative UUD - the ability to perform different social roles.

What is important here is getting used to the role, conveying the characteristics of the character through voice, gestures, behavior, interaction with others, etc. Puppet shows promote the acquisition of basic environmental knowledge in a simple, unobtrusive manner. This ensures communication between children, evokes positive emotions, and stimulates the child’s activity.

Research activities contribute to the involvement of schoolchildren in the study of the nature of their native land, its cultural and historical past, caring attitude towards objects and phenomena of the surrounding world, etc.

Project activities. The project method in environmental education opens up new opportunities for transferring the educational process into the real environment of society. Thus, in cooperation, dream and practice, the ecological culture and social activity of the younger generation develops.

These types of activities make it possible to form personal, regulatory, cognitive, and communicative universal learning activities. They are based on a way to achieve a didactic goal through a detailed development of the problem, which should result in a very real practical result.

Respect for nature comes from little things, from everyday communication with it, and even the smallest citizen must realize responsibility for his attitude towards nature.

Thus, we can say that the formation of universal educational actions can also take place through extracurricular activities.

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