Lopukhins. Book of Memory - Lopukhins and Shcherbatovs Lopukhins genealogy to our time

The pseudonym under which the politician Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov writes. ... In 1907 he was an unsuccessful candidate for the 2nd State Duma in St. Petersburg.

Alyabyev, Alexander Alexandrovich, Russian amateur composer. ... A.'s romances reflected the spirit of the times. As then-Russian literature, they are sentimental, sometimes corny. Most of them are written in a minor key. They are almost no different from Glinka’s first romances, but the latter has stepped far forward, while A. remained in place and is now outdated.

The filthy Idolishche (Odolishche) is an epic hero...

Pedrillo (Pietro-Mira Pedrillo) is a famous jester, a Neapolitan, who at the beginning of the reign of Anna Ioannovna arrived in St. Petersburg to sing the roles of buffa and play the violin in the Italian court opera.

Dahl, Vladimir Ivanovich
His numerous stories suffer from a lack of real artistic creativity, deep feeling and a broad view of the people and life. Dahl did not go further than everyday pictures, anecdotes caught on the fly, told in a unique language, smartly, vividly, with a certain humor, sometimes falling into mannerism and jokeiness.

Varlamov, Alexander Egorovich
Varlamov, apparently, did not work at all on the theory of musical composition and was left with the meager knowledge that he could have learned from the chapel, which in those days did not at all care about the general musical development of its students.

Nekrasov Nikolay Alekseevich
None of our great poets has so many poems that are downright bad from all points of view; He himself bequeathed many poems not to be included in the collected works. Nekrasov is not consistent even in his masterpieces: and suddenly prosaic, listless verse hurts the ear.

Gorky, Maxim
By his origin, Gorky by no means belongs to those dregs of society, of which he appeared as a singer in literature.

Zhikharev Stepan Petrovich
His tragedy “Artaban” did not see either print or stage, since, in the opinion of Prince Shakhovsky and the frank review of the author himself, it was a mixture of nonsense and nonsense.

Sherwood-Verny Ivan Vasilievich
“Sherwood,” writes one contemporary, “in society, even in St. Petersburg, was not called anything other than bad Sherwood... his comrades in military service shunned him and called him by the dog name “Fidelka.”

Obolyaninov Petr Khrisanfovich
...Field Marshal Kamensky publicly called him “a state thief, a bribe-taker, a complete fool.”

Popular biographies

Peter I Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich Catherine II Romanovs Dostoevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich Lomonosov Mikhail Vasilievich Alexander III Suvorov Alexander Vasilievich

In 1750, Ivan Yuryevich Trubetskoy died. With his death, the era of the Russian boyars ended, the history of families that had served in the public service for centuries. It’s interesting to remember their history today...

Trubetskoys

The Trubetskoy princes belong to the Gediminovich dynasty, descendants of the Grand Dukes of Lithuania. Representatives of this family entered the service of the Moscow Grand Dukes at the beginning of the 15th century.

By the end of the 17th century, the ninth generation of this family was already serving Russia, whose representatives occupied the highest positions in the state: they were appointed governors, heads of orders, and embassies to foreign sovereigns.

In the “History of the Family of the Russian Nobility,” Ivan Yuryevich is called the last Russian boyar; in this capacity, he was still surrounded by the young Peter I. Ivan Yuryevich was a long-liver and died at the age of 83.

Ivan Yuryevich Trubetskoy

Ivan Yuryevich spent 18 years of his long life in Swedish captivity. He got there at the very beginning of the Northern War. The father of two daughters, his sons-in-law were the Moldavian ruler Dmitry Cantemir and Prince Ludwig Wilhelm of Hesse-Homburg, Field Marshal General.

In captivity, Ivan Yuryevich gave birth to a son from Baroness Wrede, who was named Ivan. Ivan Ivanovich Betskoy became a famous educator and teacher of the times of Catherine II, the founder and first president of the Academy of Arts.

Velyaminovs

The family traces its origins to Shimon (Simon), the son of the Varangian prince African. In 1027 he arrived in the army of Yaroslav the Great and converted to Orthodoxy.

Shimon Afrikanovich is famous for the fact that he participated in the battle with the Polovtsians on Alta and made the largest donation for the construction of the Pechersk temple in honor of the Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary: a precious belt and the legacy of his father - a golden crown.

But the Velyaminovs were known not only for their courage and generosity: a descendant of the family, Ivan Velyaminov, fled to the Horde in 1375, but was later captured and executed on Kuchkovo Field.

Velyaminov coat of arms

Despite the betrayal of Ivan Velyaminov, the family did not lose its significance: the last son of Dimitri Donskoy was baptized by Maria, the widow of Vasily Velyaminov, the Moscow thousand.

Detail: The name of the street “Vorontsovo Pole” still reminds Muscovites of the most noble Moscow family of the Vorontsov-Velyaminovs.

Morozovs

Fragment of a painting by V.I. Surikov “Boyarina Morozova”

The 17th century was the last page in the centuries-old history of the family. Boris Morozov had no children, and the only heir of his brother, Gleb Morozov, was his son Ivan. By the way, he was born in marriage with Feodosya Prokofievna Urusova, the heroine of the film by V.I. Surikov “Boyarina Morozova”.

Ivan Morozov did not leave any male offspring and turned out to be the last representative of a noble boyar family, which ceased to exist in the early 80s of the 17th century.

Detail: The heraldry of Russian dynasties took shape under Peter I, which is perhaps why the coat of arms of the Morozov boyars has not been preserved.

Baturlins

Coat of arms of the Buturlin family

“My great-grandfather Racha served Saint Nevsky with a fighting muscle,” wrote A.S. Pushkin in the poem “My Genealogy”. Radsha became the founder of fifty Russian noble families in Tsarist Moscow, among them the Pushkins, the Buturlins, and the Myatlevs...

But let’s return to the Buturlin family: its representatives faithfully served first the Grand Dukes, then the sovereigns of Moscow and Russia. Their family gave Russia many prominent, honest, noble people, whose names are still known today. Let's name just a few of them.

Ivan Mikhailovich Buturlin served as a guard under Boris Godunov, fought in the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia, and conquered almost all of Dagestan. He died in battle in 1605 as a result of betrayal and deception of the Turks and mountain foreigners.

Ivan Ivanovich Buturlin

For military and peaceful deeds, Ivan Ivanovich Buturlin was awarded the title of Knight of St. Andrew, General-in-Chief, Ruler of Little Russia. In 1721, he actively participated in the signing of the Peace of Nystadt, which put an end to the long war with the Swedes, for which Peter I awarded him the rank of general.

Vasily Vasilyevich Buturlin was a butler under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, having done a lot for the reunification of Ukraine and Russia.

Sheremetevs

The Sheremetev family traces its origins to Andrei Kobyla. The fifth generation (great-great-grandson) of Andrei Kobyla was Andrei Konstantinovich Bezzubtsev, nicknamed Sheremet, from whom the Sheremetevs descended.

According to some versions, the surname is based on the Turkic-Bulgar “sheremet” (“poor fellow”) and the Turkic-Persian “shir-Muhammad” (“pious, brave Muhammad”).

Coat of arms of the Sheremetevs. Fragment of the lattice gate of the Sheremetev Palace.

Thus, the great-granddaughter of Andrei Sheremet was married to the son of Ivan the Terrible, Tsarevich Ivan, who was killed by his father in a fit of anger. And five grandchildren of A. Sheremet became members of the Boyar Duma.

The Sheremetevs took part in the wars with Lithuania and the Crimean Khan, in the Livonian War and the Kazan campaigns. Estates in the Moscow, Yaroslavl, Ryazan, and Nizhny Novgorod districts complained to them for their service.

Lopukhins

Evdokia Fedorovna Lopukhina, Tsarina. First wife of Tsar Peter I until 1698

The outstanding Lopukhin family gave the Fatherland 11 governors, 9 governors-general and governors who ruled 15 provinces, 13 generals, 2 admirals. The Lopukhins served as ministers and senators, headed the Cabinet of Ministers and the State Council.

Aksakovs

They come from the noble Varangian Shimon (baptized Simon) Afrikanovich or Ofrikovich - the nephew of the Norwegian king Gakon the Blind. Simon Afrikanovich arrived in Kyiv in 1027 with a squad of three thousand and built at his own expense the Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God in the Kiev Pechersk Lavra, where he was buried.

The Aksakov coat of arms was included in the fourth part of the “General Armorial Book”49, approved by Emperor Paul on December 7, 1799.

The surname Oksakov (in the old days), and now Aksakov, came from one of his descendants, Ivan the Lame.
The word "oksak" means "lame" in Turkic languages.

Some Lopukhins are an untitled Russian noble family, from the Kasog prince Rededi and his descendant Vasily Lopukha, the coat of arms of the family is in part 3 of the “General armorial of the noble families of the Russian Empire”. The Lopukhin family is included in the 6th part of the noble genealogical books of the Vladimir, Kyiv, Moscow, Novgorod, Oryol, Pskov, Tver and Tula provinces.
Additional Information. Some nobles of the late 19th century with this surname. At the end of the line - the province and district to which they are assigned.
Lopukhin, Bor. Aldr., zemstvo beginning Orlovsk. u., Orel. Oryol province. Maloarkhangelsk district. Gg. nobles with voting rights.
Lopukhin, Vikt. Iv., ks. Oryol province. Karachevsky district. Gg. nobles who have the right to vote directly and have a vote in all positions of the Governor. Meetings.
Lopukhin, Nikl. Iv., Golovkovo village. Smolensk province. Sychevsky district.
Lopukhina, Maria. Vladimir province. Gorokhovetsky district.
Lopukhina, Nat. Os., Golovkovo village. Smolensk province. Sychevsky district.

The following people are buried in section 1 of the Donskoy Monastery cemetery in Moscow:
LOPUKHIN ALEXEY ALEXANDROVICH 1813-1873 (see), friend of M.Yu. Lermontov
LOPUKHIN ALEXANDER?-1787, ensign
LOPUKHINA VARVARA ALEXANDROVNA 1819-1873
LOPUKHINA EKATERINA ANDREEVNA, baby
LOPUKHINA EKATERINA 1835-1841
The following people are buried in section 6 of the Donskoy Monastery cemetery in Moscow:
LOPUKHINA LIDIA ALEKSEEVNA 1842-1895
LOPUKHINA MARIA ALEXANDROVNA 1802-1877, friend of M.Yu. Lermontov, sister No. 1
LOPUKHINA MARIA ALEKSEEVNA 1840-1886
In addition, in the Spaso-Andronikov Monastery there is the tomb of the Lopukhins.

COUNCIL OF DEPUTIES

MUNICIPALITY

AREA

LENINGRAD REGION

third convocation

SOLUTION No.54

On approval of the official symbols of the municipal formation of the Lopukhinsky rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region.

In accordance with the Federal Law of 06.10.2003 No. 131-FZ (as amended) “On the general principles of the organization of local self-government in the Russian Federation”, the Charter of the Municipal District of the Leningrad Region Council of Deputies of the Lopukhinsky Rural Settlement

DECIDED:

1. Accept the proposal of the team of authors consisting of: Konstantin Sergeevich Bashkirov, Victoria Valerievna Karpunina, Svetlana Yuryevna Steinbakh, who developed sketches of the coat of arms and flag of the Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosovsky municipal district of the Leningrad region and approve the Regulations on the coat of arms of the Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lopukhinskoye municipal district of the Leningrad region city region (Appendix No. 1) and Regulations on the flag of the Lopukhinskoe rural settlement of the Lomonosovsky municipal district of the Leningrad region (Appendix No. 2).

2. Contact the Heraldic Council under the President of the Russian Federation in order to include the coat of arms and flag of the Lopukhinskoe rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region in the State Heraldic Register of the Russian Federation.

1. Instruct Konstantin Sergeevich Bashkirov to represent the interests of the Lopukhinskoe rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region in the Heraldic Council under the President of the Russian Federation.

5. This decision comes into force after its publication.

Head of the municipality

Lopukhinskoye rural settlement Romanov Yu.G.

APPROVED

by decision of the Council of Deputies

municipality

Lopukhinskoe rural settlement

Municipal Municipality Lomonosovsky

district of Leningrad region

Appendix No. 1

REGULATIONS ON THE COAT OF ARMS

MUNICIPAL FORMATION LOPUKHINSKOYE RURAL SETTLEMENT OF LOMONOSOV MUNICIPAL DISTRICT OF LENINGRAD REGION.

This regulation establishes the coat of arms of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region, its description and the procedure for official use.

1. General provisions

1.1. The coat of arms of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region (hereinafter referred to as the Coat of Arms) is the official symbol of the Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region.

1.2. The regulations on the Coat of Arms and drawings of the Coat of Arms in multi-color and single-color versions are stored in the Council of Deputies of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region and are available for review to all interested parties.

1.3. The coat of arms is subject to inclusion in the State Heraldic Register of the Russian Federation.

1. Heraldic description and rationale for the symbolism of the Coat of Arms

2.1. Heraldic description of the Coat of Arms:

“In a field composed of silver stones of various shapes, a scarlet (red) griffin rises.”

The sides in heraldry are determined from the person holding the shield

2.2. Interpretation of the symbolism of the Coat of Arms:

14 km. from Gostilitsa along the Kopros highway there is Lopukhinka. It, like the river on which it stands, got its name from the surname of the first owner, Nikita Lopukhin. Lopukhinka (6.5 hectares) with the village of Sergievsky (Bereznyaki) and the neighboring Nizhnyaya Ruditsa (10 hectares), located on the opposite bank of the Lopukhinka River, at the end of the 18th century became the estate of Major General H. F. Goering and his wife Anna Maria is the daughter of the Englishman Joseph Bottom, who was invited by the Academy of Sciences as an instrument mechanic at the Peterhof Lapidary Factory and settled in Verkhnyaya Ruditsa, which Anna Goering received as a dowry.

Ancient historical coat of arms of the Lopukhins of the 17th century: “In a white field there is a Red Vulture, on the Prince’s cap there is a peacock’s Tail”

Coat of arms of the nobles of the Goering family: “In the golden shield, the azure armor is turned slightly to the right. They are covered with an azure helmet. Above the shield is a noble helmet with a crown. Crest: a hand raised up in azure armor holds a golden sword. Mantle: azure with gold.” The coat of arms of Goering is included in Part XIII of the “General Arms of Arms of the Noble Families of the All-Russian Empire”, p. 159.

The book “Volosts and the Most Important Villages of European Russia” (Issue VII) “Provinces of the Lakeside Group” (St. Petersburg, 1885. P. 89) provides the following information about some villages of the Medushskaya volost of the Peterhof district:

“503. Starye Medushi, former owner's village, 26 yards, 118 inhabitants, vol. board, Orthodox church, chapel, school, shop, market on May 9.

504. Zherebyatki (Zherebyatkovo), former owner's village, 9 yards, 46 inhabitants, Lutheran church.

505. Kizhina, former owner's village, 47 courtyards, 230 inhabitants, shop.

506. Ruditsy, former appanage village near the river. Lopukhinka, 15 yards, 68 inhabitants, shop.

507. Ust-Ruditsy (Lower Rtsuditsy), former owner's village near the river. Kovash, 54 yards, 286 inhabitants, chapel, shop.”

In the “Handbook on the history of the administrative-territorial division of the Leningrad region (1917-1969)”, compiled by: Dubin A.S., Lebedeva P.G. (LOGAV) it is said that Lopukhinka from pre-revolutionary times until February 1927 belonged to Medushskaya volost of the Peterhof (Oranienbaum) district, and from February to August 1927 it was part of the Gostilitsky volost of the same district. In August 1927, Oranienbaumsky (later Lomonosovsky district) of the newly formed Leningrad region was created. From 1924 to 1960 Lopukhinsk as part of the Central Village Council, and in the period 1917-1924. and from 1960 to 1993 - as part of the Lopukhinsky village council.

On the territory of the Lopukhinsky rural settlement there is a geological and hydrological natural monument of radon springs and lakes in the village of Lopukhinka . It is included in the Red Book of Nature of the Leningrad Region (Vol. 1. St. Petersburg, 1999, pp. 149-150). Organized by the Decision of the Leningrad Oblast Executive Committee No. 145 of March 29, 1976 on the initiative of the North-West State University and LOGS VOOP with the aim of protecting the outcrops of groundwater enriched with radon and the valley of the Ruditsa River. Re-approved by Decree of the Government of the Leningrad Region No. 494 of December 26, 1996. Area - 270 hectares.

On the slope of the Baltic-Ladoga ledge (clint), the waters of the Gdov Ordovician horizon, which have a high content of radioactive elements, emerge onto the day surface in the form of numerous springs. The groundwater feeding the springs is confined to fractured karstic limestones located at a depth of 10-15 m from the modern surface. The aquifer is discharged from the southeast to the northwest, that is, towards the cliff. Groundwater outlets in the form of springs and springs form the source of the river. Lopukhinka. Thanks to the abundance of water in the horizon, the springs, merging into a single stream, developed a picturesque canyon-like (up to 30 m deep) valley in the slope of the cliff. In the upper reaches of the valley, two dams were built to regulate the natural flow of springs and rivers. Lopukhinka. Above the dams, two shallow artificial lakes formed. Distance between them - about 50 m. The length of the southwestern lake is about 200 m, the northeastern one is 550 m. The width of the lakes is 40-60 m. The color of the water in the lakes is turquoise-emerald. Springs that form the river's flow. Lopukhinka, have mineral radon qualities, and their waters in chemical composition are hydrocarbonate calcium-magnesium, fresh, with a mineralization of 0.3-0.5 g/l, and with a high radon content (100-180 emanations, with a normal background - 5 -7 emanations). These indicators allow us to consider these mineral waters as healing, they can be used for medicinal purposes. Below the dam on Ruditsa, a fish farm for raising rainbow trout has been organized. Water for fish cages is taken directly from springs through pipes, since the water in the lake is contaminated with ammonia. The springs located at the base of the slope are partially captured and covered with log houses.

In 1753, the remarkable Russian scientist M. V. Lomonosov received government permission to build a glass factory in Koporye district, near Oranienbaum. The place for the construction was chosen well: nearby in the village of Shishkina there was sand suitable for glass making, and nearby there was a wonderful forest for fuel. The factory was founded on May 6, 1753 near the mouth of the Ruditsa River at its confluence with the Kovash River. Here, according to Lomonosov's design, a dam was erected, a stone dam, sluices and gates, reinforced with strong piles, were built. A water mill was then built to power two saw frames. Lomonosov called the main building of the factory, made of logs, a “laboratory”. Here he proposed organizing the production of various types of glass, beads and mosaics. Next to the laboratory there was a workshop building, consisting of five “chambers” - departments. Grinders, engravers and mosaicists worked here, and there was a storeroom where mosaic compositions were stored. The Ust-Ruditskaya factory produced mainly colored glass, prepared according to the recipe of M.V. Lomonosov, as well as for the production of various haberdashery products - buttons, beads, etc. For 12 years (1753-1765), the Ust-Ruditskaya factory achieved great success. From the smalt obtained here, M.V. Lomonosov and his students created 27 mosaic portraits and paintings. A masterpiece of Ust-Ruditsk masters, the painting “The Battle of Poltava”. It was made in 1762-1764. In Ust-Ruditsa, Lomonosov took a break from academic troubles, found peace in creative work and in communication with nature. After the death of the scientist, the factory was empty. In 1765, the enterprise was closed, and its buildings were subsequently destroyed. It is alive in memory of the great Russian scientist. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR on February 23, 1948, Oranienbaum was renamed the city of Lomonosov.

The nature of the surroundings of Lopukhinka is interesting and unique. On the limestone along the slopes of the valley, heavily disturbed mixed forests with spruce, birch, aspen and broad-leaved species in the second tier (maple, linden, ash) have been preserved. The grass cover is dominated by ruderal species.

A field made of silver stones of various shapes is reminiscent of the calcareous slopes of the valley (ravine), in which there is a radon lake - an indication of a landscape natural monument included in the “Red Book of the Leningrad Region”.

The scarlet (red) griffin is a symbol reminiscent of the toponym Lopukhinka, which goes back to the surname of the noble owners. In addition, the griffin is the guardian of local unique history, the memory of the great scientist M.V. Lomonosov.

Chervlen (red) is a symbol of labor, life-affirming strength, courage, dedication, holiday, beauty, sun and warmth.

Silver is a symbol of purity of thoughts, sincerity, virtue, innocence.

1. Order of reproduction of the Coat of Arms

3.1. The reproduction of the Coat of Arms, regardless of its size, execution technique and purpose, must exactly correspond to the heraldic description given in clause 2.1. Article 2 of these Regulations. Reproduction of the Coat of Arms is allowed in multi-color, single-color and single-color variants using conventional shading to indicate colors (Appendices 1,2,3 to these Regulations).

3.2. Responsibility for distortion of the design of the coat of arms, or changes in the composition or colors that go beyond the heraldic limits is borne by the performer of the distortions or changes.

1. The procedure for the official use of the Coat of Arms

4.1. The coat of arms of the municipality is placed:

On the buildings of official representative offices of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement outside the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement;

In the meeting rooms of local government bodies;

In the offices of the head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement, elected and appointed officials of local government.

4.2. The coat of arms is placed on the following forms:

Legal acts of local government bodies and local government officials;

Representative body of self-government;

Head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement, the executive body of local government;

Other elected and appointed officials of local government.

4.3. The coat of arms is reproduced on the certificates of persons serving in positions in local government bodies, municipal employees, deputies of a representative body of local government; members of other local government bodies.

4.4. The coat of arms is placed:

On the seals of local governments;

In official publications of local governments.

4.5. The coat of arms can be placed on:

Awards and memorial signs of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement;

Official insignia of the head of the municipal formation of Lopukhinskoye rural settlement, the chairman of the representative body of local self-government, deputies of the representative body of local self-government, municipal employees and employees of local government bodies;

Signs at the entrance to the territory of the Lopukhinskoye rural settlement municipality;

Objects of movable and immovable property, vehicles owned by municipal property;

Forms and seals of bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises that are in municipal ownership, municipal management or municipal subordination, as well as bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises, the founder (leading co-founder) of which is the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement;

In the meeting rooms of governing bodies and work offices of heads of bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises that are in municipal ownership, municipal management or municipal subordination, as well as bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises, the founder (leading co-founder) of which is the municipality of Lopukhinskoye rural settlement ;

On movable and immovable property owned by bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises that are in municipal ownership, municipal management or municipal subordination, as well as bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises, the founder (leading co-founder) of which is the municipal formation Lopukhinskoe rural settlement, objects of movable and immovable property, vehicles.

4.6. It is allowed to place the Coat of Arms on:

Printed and other publications of informational, official, scientific, popular science, reference, educational, local history, geographical, guide and souvenir nature;

Certificates, invitations, business cards of the head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement, officials of local government bodies, deputies of the representative body of local government;

It is allowed to use the Coat of Arms as a heraldic basis for the production of signs, emblems, and other symbols when designing one-time anniversary, commemorative and entertainment events held in the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region or directly related to the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region in agreement with the head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district.

4.7. When placing the COAT OF ARMS and the State Emblem of the Russian Federation at the same time, the COAT OF ARMS is located to the right of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation (from the point of view of those facing the coats of arms).

When placing the Coat of Arms and the coat of arms of the Leningrad region at the same time, the coat of arms is located to the right of the coat of arms of the Leningrad region (from the point of view of those facing the coats of arms).

When placing the COAT OF ARMS, the State Emblem of the Russian Federation and the coat of arms of the Leningrad region at the same time, the coat of arms of the Russian Federation is located in the center, the coat of arms of the Leningrad region is located to the left of the center, and the coat of arms is to the right of the center (from the point of view of those facing the coats of arms).

When the Coat of Arms is placed simultaneously with other coats of arms, the size of the Coat of Arms cannot exceed the size of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation (or other state emblem), the coat of arms of the Leningrad Region (or the coat of arms of another subject of the Russian Federation).

When placing the Coat of Arms simultaneously with other coats of arms, the Coat of Arms cannot be placed above the State Emblem of the Russian Federation (or other state emblem), the coat of arms of the Leningrad Region (or the coat of arms of another subject of the Russian Federation).

When the coat of arms is placed simultaneously with any state coat of arms, the coat of arms of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or a foreign region, or the coat of arms of another municipal entity, in cases where the coats of arms placed next to the coat of arms do not have additional elements, the coat of arms is used without additional elements.

4.8. The procedure for the production, use, storage and destruction of forms, seals and other carriers of the image of the Coat of Arms is established by local government bodies.

4.9. Other cases of use of the Coat of Arms are established by the Head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement.

5.1. The use of the Coat of Arms in violation of these Regulations, as well as desecration of the coat of arms, entails liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

1. Final provisions

6.1. The inclusion of any external decorations, as well as elements of official symbols of the Leningrad Region, into the composition (drawing) of the Coat of Arms is permissible only in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the Leningrad Region. These changes must be accompanied by a revision of Article 2 of these Regulations to reflect the new elements in the description.

6.2. Control of compliance with the requirements of these Regulations is assigned to the Administration of the municipal formation of Lopukhinskoye rural settlement.

Appendix N1

to the Regulations

about the coat of arms of the municipality

Lopukhinskoe rural settlement

COLOR IMAGE OF THE COAT OF ARMS.

Appendix N2

Lopukhinskoe rural settlement

BLACK AND WHITE

OUTLINE IMAGE OF THE COAT OF ARMS.

ApplicationN3

to the Regulations on the coat of arms of the municipality

Lopukhinskoe rural settlement

BLACK AND WHITE

OUTLINE IMAGE OF THE COAT OF ARMS

USING CONDITIONAL HATCHING FOR

NOTATION COLORS.

APPROVED

by decision of the Council of Deputies

municipality

Lopukhinskoe rural settlement

Municipal Municipality Lomonosovsky

district of Leningrad region

Appendix No. 2

REGULATIONS ON THE FLAG OF THE MUNICIPAL FORMATION LOPUKHINSKOYE RURAL SETTLEMENT OF LOMONOSOV MUNICIPAL DISTRICT OF THE LENINGRAD REGION.

This regulation establishes the flag of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region, its description and the procedure for official use.

1. General Provisions

1.1. The flag of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region (hereinafter referred to as the Flag) is the official symbol of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region.

1.2. The regulations on the flag and the drawing of the FLAG are stored in the Council of Deputies of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region and are available for review to all interested parties.

1.3. The flag is subject to inclusion in the State Heraldic Register of the Russian Federation.

1. Description of the Flag

“The flag of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region is a rectangular panel with a flag width to length ratio of 2:3, reproducing the composition of the coat of arms of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region in white, red and black colors.”

1. Flag playback order

3.1. The reproduction of the Flag, regardless of its size, execution technique and purpose, must exactly correspond to the description given in Article 2 of these Regulations and the drawing given in the appendix to these Regulations.

3.2. Responsibility for distortion of the Flag, change in composition or colors that goes beyond the limits of heraldic permissibility lies with the performer of the distortions or changes.

1. Procedure for official use of the Flag

4.1. The flag is raised constantly:

On local government buildings;

On the buildings of official representative offices of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region outside the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region.

4.2. The flag is permanently set:

In the meeting rooms of local governments,

In the offices of the head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement, elected and appointed officials of local government.

4.3. The flag can:

To be raised permanently or raised on the buildings and territories of bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises that are in municipal ownership, municipal management or municipal subordination, as well as on the buildings and territories of bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises, the founder (leading co-founder) of which is the municipal formation Lopukhinskoe rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region;

Be installed permanently in the meeting rooms of governing bodies and in the work offices of heads of bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises that are in municipal ownership, municipal management or municipal subordination, as well as bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises, the founder (leading co-founder) of which is the municipal education Lopukhinskoe rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region.

The flag or its image may:

Placed on the vehicles of the head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement; other elected officials of local government;

Placed on municipally owned vehicles.

4.4. The flag is raised (installed):

On public holidays - along with the State Flag of the Russian Federation;

During official ceremonies and other special events held by local governments.

4.5. The flag can be raised (installed) during ceremonial events held by public associations, enterprises, institutions and organizations, regardless of their form of ownership, as well as during private and family celebrations and significant events.

4.6. When using the Flag as a sign of mourning, the Flag is lowered to half the height of the flagpole (mast). If it is impossible to lower the flag, and also if the FLAG is installed indoors, a black ribbon folded in half and attached to the folded area is attached to the upper part of the pole above the flag panel, the total length of which is equal to the length of the flag panel, and the width is at least 1/10 of the width Flag panels.

4.7. When raising (placing) the Flag and the State Flag of the Russian Federation at the same time, the Flag is located to the right of the State Flag of the Russian Federation (from the point of view of those facing the flags).

When raising (placing) the Flag and the flag of the Leningrad Region at the same time, the Flag is located to the right of the flag of the Leningrad Region (from the point of view of those facing the flags).

When raising (placing) the Flag, the State Flag of the Russian Federation and the flag of the Leningrad Region at the same time, the State Flag of the Russian Federation is located in the center, and the Flag is located to the right of the center (from the point of view of those facing the flags).

When raising (placing) an even number of flags (but more than two) at the same time, the State Flag of the Russian Federation is located to the left of the center (if you are facing the flags). To the right of the State Flag of the Russian Federation is the flag of the Leningrad Region, to the left of the State Flag of the Russian Federation is the Flag; To the right of the flag of the Leningrad Region is the flag of another municipal entity, public association, or enterprise, institution or organization.

4.8. The size of the Flag panel cannot exceed the size of the panels of the State Flag of the Russian Federation (or other state flag), the flag of the Leningrad Region (or the flag of another subject of the Russian Federation) raised (installed) next to it.

The flag cannot be positioned higher than the State Flag of the Russian Federation (or other state flag), the flag of the Leningrad Region (or the flag of another subject of the Russian Federation) raised (installed) next to it.

4.9. The flag or its image may be used as an element or heraldic basis:

Flags, pennants and other similar symbols of bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises that are in municipal ownership, municipal management or municipal subordination, as well as bodies, organizations, institutions and enterprises, the founder (leading co-founder) of which is the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district Leningrad region;

Awards of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoe rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region;

Official and distinctive insignia of the head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement, deputies of the representative body of local government, elected and appointed officials, employees of local government and its divisions;

4.10. The flag can be raised (installed) permanently or temporarily:

In memorable, memorial and significant places located on the territory of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region;

In places of mass gatherings of residents of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region;

In pre-school education institutions and secondary education institutions (secondary schools).

4.11. It is allowed to place the Flag or its image on:

Printed and other publications of informational, official, scientific, popular science, reference, educational, local history, geographical, guide and souvenir nature;

Certificates, invitations, business cards of the head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement, officials of local government bodies, deputies of the representative body of local government.

It is allowed to use the Flag as a heraldic basis for the manufacture of signs, emblems, and other symbols when designing one-time anniversary, commemorative and entertainment events held in the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region or directly related to the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement of the Lomonosov municipal district of the Leningrad region .

4.12. Other cases of use of the Flag are established by the Head of the municipal formation Lopukhinskoye rural settlement.

1. Liability for violation of this Regulation

5.1. Use of the Flag in violation of these Regulations. and also desecration of the Flag entails liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

1. Final provisions

6.1. Introducing any changes or additions to the composition (drawing) of the Flag, as well as elements of the official symbols of the Leningrad Region, is permissible only in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Leningrad Region. These changes must be accompanied by a revision of Article 2 of these Regulations to reflect the new elements in the description.

6.2. Control of compliance with the requirements of these Regulations is assigned to the Administration of the municipal formation of Lopukhinskoye rural settlement.

6.3. This Regulation comes into force on the date of its official publication.

Appendix to the Regulations

about the flag of the municipality

Lopukhinskoe rural settlement

FLAG IMAGE.

Scratch a Russian boyar and you will find a foreigner! Sheremetevs, Morozovs, Velyaminovs...

Velyaminovs

The family traces its origins to Shimon (Simon), the son of the Varangian prince African. In 1027 he arrived in the army of Yaroslav the Great and converted to Orthodoxy. Shimon Afrikanovich is famous for the fact that he participated in the battle with the Polovtsians on Alta and contributed the most to the construction of the Pechersk temple in honor of the Dormition of the Blessed Virgin Mary: a precious belt and the legacy of his father - a golden crown.

But the Vilyaminovs were known not only for their courage and generosity: a descendant of the family, Ivan Vilyaminov, fled to the Horde in 1375, but was later captured and executed on Kuchkovo Field. Despite the betrayal of Ivan Velyaminov, his family did not lose its significance: the last son of Dmitry Donskoy was baptized by Maria, the widow of Vasily Velyaminov, the Moscow thousand.

The following clans emerged from the Velyaminov family: Aksakovs, Vorontsovs, Vorontsov-Velyaminovs.

Detail: The name of the street “Vorontsovo Field” still reminds Muscovites of the most distinguished Moscow family, the Vorontsov-Velyaminovs.

Morozovs

The Morozov family of boyars is an example of a feudal family from among the Old Moscow untitled nobility. The founder of the family is considered to be a certain Mikhail, who came from Prussia to serve in Novgorod. He was among the “six brave men” who showed special heroism during the Battle of the Neva in 1240.

The Morozovs served Moscow faithfully even under Ivan Kalita and Dmitry Donskoy, occupying prominent positions at the grand ducal court. However, their family suffered greatly from the historical storms that overtook Russia in the 16th century. Many representatives of the noble family disappeared without a trace during the bloody oprichnina terror of Ivan the Terrible.

The 17th century became the last page in the centuries-old history of the family. Boris Morozov had no children, and the only heir of his brother, Gleb Morozov, was his son Ivan. By the way, he was born in marriage with Feodosya Prokofievna Urusova, the heroine of V.I. Surikov’s film “Boyaryna Morozova”. Ivan Morozov did not leave any male offspring and turned out to be the last representative of a noble boyar family, which ceased to exist in the early 80s of the 17th century.

Detail: The heraldry of Russian dynasties took shape under Peter I, which is perhaps why the coat of arms of the Morozov boyars has not been preserved.

Buturlins

According to genealogical books, the Buturlin family descends from an “honest husband” under the name Radsha who left the Semigrad land (Hungary) at the end of the 12th century to join Grand Duke Alexander Nevsky.

“My great-grandfather Racha served Saint Nevsky with a fighting muscle,” wrote A. Pushkin in the poem “My Genealogy.” Radsha became the founder of fifty Russian noble families in Tsarist Moscow, among them the Pushkins, the Buturlins, and the Myatlevs...

But let’s return to the Buturlin family: its representatives faithfully served first the Grand Dukes, then the sovereigns of Moscow and Russia. Their family gave Russia many prominent, honest, noble people, whose names are still known today. Let's name just a few of them:

Ivan Mikhailovich Buturlin served as a guard under Boris Godunov, fought in the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia, and conquered almost all of Dagestan. He died in battle in 1605 as a result of betrayal and deception of the Turks and mountain foreigners.

His son Vasily Ivanovich Buturlin was the Novgorod governor, an active associate of Prince Dmitry Pozharsky in his fight against the Polish invaders.

For military and peaceful deeds, Ivan Ivanovich Buturlin was awarded the title of Knight of St. Andrew, General-in-Chief, Ruler of Little Russia. In 1721, he actively participated in the signing of the Peace of Nystad, which put an end to the long war with the Swedes, for which Peter I awarded him the rank of general.

Vasily Vasilyevich Buturlin was a butler under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, who did a lot for the reunification of Ukraine and Russia.

The Sheremetev family traces its origins to Andrei Kobyla. The fifth generation (great-great-grandson) of Andrei Kobyla was Andrei Konstantinovich Bezzubtsev, nicknamed Sheremet, from whom the Sheremetevs descended. According to some versions, the surname is based on the Turkic-Bulgarian “sheremet” (poor fellow) and the Turkic-Persian “shir-Muhammad” (pious, brave Muhammad).

Many boyars, governors, and governors came from the Sheremetev family, not only due to personal merit, but also due to kinship with the reigning dynasty.

Thus, the great-granddaughter of Andrei Sheremet was married to the son of Ivan the Terrible, Tsarevich Ivan, who was killed by his father in a fit of anger. And five grandchildren of A. Sheremet became members of the Boyar Duma. The Sheremetevs took part in the wars with Lithuania and the Crimean Khan, in the Livonian War and the Kazan campaigns. Estates in the Moscow, Yaroslavl, Ryazan, and Nizhny Novgorod districts complained to them for their service.

Lopukhins

According to legend, they descend from the Kasozh (Circassian) Prince Rededi - the ruler of Tmutarakan, who was killed in 1022 in single combat with Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich (son of Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavovich, the baptist of Rus'). However, this fact did not prevent the son of Prince Rededi, Roman, from marrying the daughter of Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich.

It is reliably known that by the beginning of the 15th century. the descendants of the Kasozh prince Rededi already bear the surname Lopukhin, serve in various ranks in the Novgorod principality and in the Moscow state and own lands. And from the end of the 15th century. they become Moscow nobles and tenants at the Sovereign's Court, retaining Novgorod and Tver estates and estates.

The outstanding Lopukhin family gave the Fatherland 11 governors, 9 governors-general and governors who ruled 15 provinces, 13 generals, 2 admirals, served as ministers and senators, headed the Cabinet of Ministers and the State Council.

The boyar family of the Golovins originates from the Byzantine family of Gavras, which ruled Trebizond (Trabzon) and owned the city of Sudak in Crimea with the surrounding villages of Mangup and Balaklava.

Ivan Khovrin, the great-grandson of one of the representatives of this Greek family, was nicknamed “The Head,” as you might guess, for his bright mind. It was from him that the Golovins, representing the Moscow high aristocracy, came from.

From the 15th century, the Golovins were hereditarily the tsar's treasurers, but under Ivan the Terrible, the family fell into disgrace, becoming the victim of a failed conspiracy. Later they were returned to the court, but until Peter the Great they did not reach special heights in the service.

Aksakovs

They come from the noble Varangian Shimon (baptized Simon) Afrikanovich or Ofrikovich - the nephew of the Norwegian king Gakon the Blind. Simon Afrikanovich arrived in Kyiv in 1027 with a 3 thousand army and built at his own expense the Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God in the Kiev Pechersk Lavra, where he was buried.

The surname Oksakov (in the old days), and now Aksakov, came from one of his descendants, Ivan the Lame.
The word “oksak” means lame in Turkic languages.

Members of this family in pre-Petrine times served as governors, solicitors, and stewards and were rewarded with estates from the Moscow sovereigns for their good service.

It's not healthy here in Moscow -
The big bell is ringing mournfully,
Mournful and sad:
The Sovereign Tsar was angry with the Queen,
The Tsar sends the Queen out of Moscow -
And in the same monastery in Pokrovskaya.
As Queen Evdokia says:
“Where are my young grooms!
You pawn black horses,
You will go to Moscow - don’t rush,
You don’t make Moscow people laugh,
That the Sovereign Tsar can be moved,
Will he order me to go back?
However, the Tsar did not turn the Queen out of the way...
The Empress came to Suzdal,
What about the same monastery in Pokrovsky,
And the Empress Abbess meets with her sisters
They put a black dress on the Queen,
The black dress is sad
And soon the Empress was tonsured,

View of the estate from the pond

I visited the former Altufyevo estate on one of my first, now frequent, visits to Moscow. I received the “tip” in the book “Wreath of Moscow Estates” by T.V. Muravyova, which was also one of the first purchased in Moscow.

Now I often pass by the estate when taking a taxi from Sheremetyevo to my usual stop in Pervoprestolnaya. True, at the exit from the Moscow Ring Road to Altufevskoye Shosse the house is not visible, you can only see the church and the former estate pond. And yet, now, every time I drive past, I remember an openwork building hiding somewhere among the branches.

The architecture of the house is very unusual, given that it was built long before the spread of fashion for the “Russian style”

A small cute house in the depths of a slightly neglected garden was being renovated in places at the time of my visit, however, fortunately for me (and perhaps for the house), it was not surrounded by scaffolding, so I was able to examine it in detail and take quite passable photographs. This material has been gathering dust unclaimed since the summer, and now I decided to take it on. I discovered (Oh, horror! What am I going to write about?!), a very detailed and, I must say, very interesting story about the estate and its history from the respected Mikhail Korobko ( lugerovski ). I won’t rewrite it, it’s not good somehow, I just recommend that you read the original source, I’ll give the link at the end.

Flower garden in the estate

I myself decided to write about what interested me when studying various sources about the history of the estate.
The estate has been mentioned in documents since the 16th century. During this time, the manor house was rebuilt several times and changed its appearance. We will return to this issue later, but now let’s turn to the names of some of the owners of the estate. Below is an incomplete list of successive owners of Altufiev, about whom Mikhail Korobko talks in some detail, I will only list them:

The restless Dmitrievich Myakishev is the first “documented” owner,
Arkhip and Ivan Fedorovich Akinfov
Nikita Ivanovich Akinfov;
Nikolai Kanbarovich Akinfov (grandson of Nikolai Ivanovich)
Yuri Nikolaevich Akinfov
Ivan Ivanovich Velyaminov
Matvey Fedorovich Apraksin
Natalya Fedorovna Bruce-Kolycheva
Andrey Andreevich Rinder
Stepan Borisovich Kurakin
Dmitry Ivanovich Priklonsky
Nikolai Artemyevich Zherebtsov
Glafira Ivanovna Alfeeva
...a few more owners
Georgy Martynovich Lianozov.

Almost every name has an interesting story that could be the subject of a separate story, but I want to touch on a topic that indirectly unites two of these surnames; and this topic is Peter the Great.

I was interested in Nikolai Akinfiev and his, frankly speaking, not a particularly successful fate. He was married to Ksenia (Aksinya) Avraamovna Lopukhina, aunt of Evdokia Lopukhina, Tsarina, wife of Peter the Great. In the literature about the time of Peter the Great and even in cinema (“Peter the Great” by Gerasimov, for example), and in many historical and pseudo-historical documents, the unflattering definition “seedy family” is often used when mentioning the Lopukhins’ surname. This is quite strange, since the family is quite old, dating back to the Kosozh prince Rededi, who was killed in the 11th century by Mstislav the Brave (remember, I wrote about them in a post about). He killed him to kill him, and then married his daughter to Rededi’s son; Apparently, he decided to make peace with the obliques. It is from those times that the Lopukhins trace their ancestry. (Imagine - the living Lopukhins belong to the 27th generation!). Representatives of the family have been at court since time immemorial - both under Ivan Kalita there was boyar Lopukhin, and under Shuisky, and they especially rose to prominence under the first Romanovs. True, under the father of Peter the Great, the Lopukhins became quite worn out - Abraham Nikitich Lopukhin at first was just a “tenant”, and this was not the highest court rank. His son, Evdokia’s parent, Illarion Avraamovich was initially a okolnichy - an enviable rank, but not yet a boyar. Having already become related to the king, the family reached the very top of the court hierarchy. The Lopukhins were incredibly prolific - even Evdokia managed to give birth to Peter three sons, although they lived together for only a short time (two sons died in infancy, the remaining one, as we know, had a bad end). I don’t know whether such family fertility indicates anything - whether it is a manifestation of extraordinary hereditary temperament and energy, but it, apparently, did not particularly contribute to the accumulation of wealth: try feeding a crowd of children! Evdokia's father Illarion (later renamed Fedor) Abrahamovich had 5 brothers and 3 sisters. It was one of the sisters that Nikita Akinfov was married to.
He cannot be accused of self-interest and pragmatism - having married Ksenia (and this was his second marriage), he did not even imagine that representatives of the royal house would someday be his relatives - the wedding took place in 1672, the year of the birth of Peter the Great, his his future wife Dunechka was only 3 years old at that time. Akinfov more likely lost than gained from the royal marriage. Akinfov would have made jam with his wife in a country house, played with his grandchildren and great-grandchildren and would not have known grief if he had not become, without any influence on what was happening, a relative of the restless Pyotr Alekseevich!

I found the house in a state of repair

And what about the Lopukhins? By the end of the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich, the Lopukhins already occupied a fairly high position - Illarion Avraamovich was the butler of Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna, and in honor of the birth of the prince, he was finally promoted to duma boyar. Natalya Kirillovna, who communicated daily with Lopukhin and most likely knew his family, noticed the pretty daughter of her butler and chose her as a bride for her young son. They didn’t discuss such issues with their mothers back then; Peter meekly agreed to the marriage.

Natalya Kirillovna, who belonged to another large family of controversial nobility, was a lady, perhaps not the smartest, but she was certainly not a simpleton - the Naryshkins were always distinguished by their sophistication in intrigue and pragmatism. By choosing Lopukhina, she pursued several goals: firstly, at that moment the confrontation with Sophia, who was still ruling, had reached its peak. A marriage with a representative of a large family attracted a crowd of new relatives as supporters of the “Naryshkin” group. By the way, Natalya Kirillovna made the right decision here - Evdokia’s uncle Pyotr Avraamovich was one of the first to bring his regiments to Trinity when Peter and his young wife needed protection (this did not stop his nephew from executing a relative later). The second reason, perhaps the most important, was the desire of the queen’s widow to quickly receive heirs from her son. The Tsar-stepson, co-ruler of Peter, Ivan Alekseevich was already married, his wife was expecting a child - this was a serious threat in the event of an ongoing squabble for the throne. The third reason was also important for the queen - she feared that Peter would become completely “German” due to his frequent visits to Kukui, which irritated her. By marrying him to Evdokia, who was raised on patriarchal principles, she hoped to discourage her son from the “demonic” settlement with its cheerful, sociable frauleins and endless drinking sessions. Almost immediately after the wedding, a noisy crowd of hungry Lopukhins, who had previously vegetated in minor roles, rushed to the sovereign trough. Apparently, the unceremonious relatives of the young queen were not particularly popular among the nobility. As Prince Kurakin wrote about them, “... people are evil, stingy sneakers, of the lowest minds and not knowing at all about courtyard manners... And by that time everyone hated them and began to reason that if they come into favor, they will destroy everyone and take over the state. And, in short, they were hated by everyone and everyone sought harm from them or were in danger from them.”

Peter the First. Engraving by an unknown artist (I think Peter looks puzzled and even a little scared here)

Particularly “hearty pieces” from the royal table went to the representatives of the family after Peter’s final accession to the throne; all the uncles received boyars, posts and lands, but the holiday on their street did not last long. The first victims were representatives of the family in the struggle for power with their own former comrades, supporters of Peter in the fight against Sophia. In 1695, 6 years after Peter’s wedding, the Tsar’s uncle Lev Kirillovich Naryshkin, another noble intriguer, wrote a denunciation against the Tsarina’s uncle, the already mentioned Peter Avraamovich Lopukhin - well, the uncles were not friends with each other! What was written in the denunciation is unknown, but it aroused the king’s anger. By his order, Lopukhin was tortured, after which he died the next day. By that time, the relationship between Peter and Evdokia had already cooled, so the hot-tempered monarch did not stand on ceremony with the queen’s relatives.

Two years after the death of Pyotr Avraamovich (he was, by the way, Peter the Great and had the nickname Lapka, there was also Maly) in 1697, in connection with the Tsikler-Sokovin case, Peter suspected the remaining uncles of the queen of unreliability and exiled them to distant provinces: his father-in-law Fyodor Avraamovich - governor in Totma; Vasily Avraamovich - to Saransk; Kuzma Avraamovich - to Sharonda, Sergei Avraamovich - to Vyazma. Even then, the tsar decided to send Evdokia Fedorovna to a monastery, which he did a year later. In the same year, Pyotr Avraamovich Menshoi Lopukhin, another uncle of the queen, died. He repeated the tragic path of his older brother-namesake - he died under torture. Peter “got annoyed” with him because of a complaint from the priests of the Archangel Cathedral, who handed over the petition to the Tsar. In fact, they complained not about Lopukhin himself, but about his manager, they say, “he is killing its (the Cathedral Church’s) peasants to death, but there is no trial against him.” It is not clear who actually killed whom, but Pyotr Avraamovich paid for it with his life.

Obviously, the fall of the Lopukhins was connected with the disgrace of the queen, but some members of the family still remained at court. True, mostly these were her very distant relatives. Among the royal stewards under Peter, the Lopukhins’ genealogy includes Alexey Andreevich, Stepan Ivanovich, Fyodor Leontievich, Fyodor Kuzmich, Ivan Petrovich Lopukhins.

The family suffered another blow in 1718 in connection with the “case of Tsarevich Alexei.”
Peter had not seen his ex-wife for more than 20 years, but he tried to communicate with his son. I will not retell the story of Peter’s relationship with his son; on the one hand, it is well known to everyone, on the other, there are many ambiguities in it. I will only express my attitude to this story, my opinion.

Peter became a father at the age of 18. Even for that century, when men matured early, this is a very young age for fatherhood - Peter at that time was only interested in naval fun and parties in the Kukuyskaya Sloboda. From the very birth of the child, Peter practically did not communicate with him - this was not accepted, and, apparently, it was not interesting for Peter. At the age of 8, Alexei was taken from his mother; he was surrounded by strangers and often hostile people. During rare meetings, the prince could only be horrified by his father’s explosive character, his nervous tics, his gigantic height, his booming bass, his exorbitant and often incomprehensible demands for the prince. Often the prince was beaten by his father and sometimes even by his entourage (in particular, Menshikov, who at one time was entrusted with raising the king’s son, beat him even in the presence of Peter). Judging by the documents, although Alexey was educated, his education was unsystematic and one-sided; the young man was taught to drink early. He read a lot, but these were mostly spiritual books. Mechanics, the navy, and military sciences, unlike his father, did not interest him, but rather repulsed him. The prince grew up as a nervous, withdrawn young man, mortally afraid and not loving his father. Moreover, this dislike was definitely mutual. It seems that Peter did not experience any paternal feelings for his unloved son from an unloved woman. His attempts to make Alexei his like-minded person and comrade-in-arms are explained not by fatherly love, but by duty - the tsar needed an heir to whom, over time, he could transfer the throne and entrust the continuation of the great things he had begun. Having already matured, Alexey continued to avoid meeting with his father, trying to come up with any excuse to be away from him. This irritated the Tsar and gave rise to unpleasant suspicions - the Tsarevich was already at the “thronely” age, there were a lot of people dissatisfied with Peter’s policies, Alexei could easily become a tool in their hands. Having started an investigation into the Tsarevich’s case, Peter, I think, was struck by the scale of discontent among those close to him - the list of suspects included the names of the courtiers of the first circle, the closest ones whom the Tsar trusted. The massacre, as you know, was terrible. The prince, who had become a dangerous rival, was doomed, especially since the king already had another heir - Catherine's son, Tsarevich Peter Petrovich.

Tsarevich Alexey (B.K. Franke)

I have not found reliable documents confirming that Alexey was a worthy son and heir - his personality looks pitiful and not always attractive. However, I do not justify Peter - he was a bad father for Alexei, it just so happened. There are still a lot of bad fathers: many men, having rashly married in their youth, later abandon their wives with small children in order to never remember them again. Many years later, those around him may accidentally find out that the respected Ivan Ivanovich somewhere has a son from his first marriage, whom he has never seen. Remember, you probably have such acquaintances too. You were probably surprised at one time: “Ay-ay-ay! But he is a universally recognized authoritative scientist!” (general, dog handler, artist, director, king, etc. - I don’t know what your friend’s job is).

Let's return to the disgraced Lopukhins. They, of course, supported Alexei and secretly hoped for the return of his mother Evdokia from exile. Moreover, it was absolutely clear that this would not be feasible during Peter’s lifetime. They did not have the slightest reason to wish the king a long life - one after another, family members fell into disgrace or died on the chopping block, no one wanted to be next. In addition, their relative, the former queen, the legitimate wife of the king, was insulted and expelled.
The Tsar refused to support his ex-wife; the Lopukhins supported Evdokia in the monastery, and they supported her very tangibly - during a search, rich worldly dresses, expensive utensils, furs and jewelry were found among her belongings. The Lopukhins initiated the maintenance of secret correspondence between mother and son, and through their efforts their only meeting was arranged. True, this meeting was immediately reported to Peter, and he unleashed his anger on the prince, after which Alexei was so frightened that he refused further meetings and even correspondence with his mother.

Preparation for execution by wheeling

And the family also grumbled and whispered. It was for this murmur and whispering that, by and large, the participants in the “conspiracy of Tsarevich Alexei” suffered. They did not intend to kill the king, they only wished him death, and this, according to the laws of that time, was the same crime as an actual conspiracy.

The queen's brother Abraham Fedorovich Lopukhin suffered the most. He was tortured several times and then executed. His involvement was discovered by finding his correspondence with his sister. In fact, his only fault was that, unfortunately for him, he turned out to be a compassionate brother - he supported his sister more than anyone else, told her news in letters, and worried about his nephew. Having learned about the escape of the prince, he, not being involved in it, carelessly discussed the position of the prince with other suspects and rejoiced at his salvation.
Another participant in the conspiracy, Alexander Kikin, was imprisoned.
Other Lopukhins were also injured.

Evdokia’s sister Anastasia Fedorovna was subjected to torture during the inquiry. Another Lopukhin, Stepan Ivanovich, involved in the case of the prince, was exiled to live forever in the Kola prison. Illarion Semenovich Lopukhin was sent to the Solovetsky Monastery.

As for Nikita Akinfov, the wife of Ksenia Avraamovna, the queen’s aunt, the extent of his participation in the conspiracy is not clear. I did not find information whether Ksenia herself was involved and punished, but her wife was forcibly tonsured into the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, and this happened already in 1721, 5 years after the start of the investigation. It looks like he himself was involved in the case. In general, there is very little information about him. It is known that he was a okolnichy and owned, in addition to Altufyevo, several more villages: the villages of Sergiev, Komyagin, etc.

The son of Ksenia and Nikita, a guy with the strange name Kanbar, discovered an even greater involvement in the prince’s case. He was a steward and a district councilor (landrat). Abraham Lopukhin betrayed him under torture, and Kanbar’s arrest took place after Abraham’s execution. Apparently, Peter had already calmed down a little - after all, the investigation was almost over, so the punishment was already more lenient. Kanbar Akinfov was not even tortured at first, just a little scared - he was forced to undress and stand near the rack, and then he was released into a cell and ordered to write everything he knew. True, he did receive 15 blows later. After the investigation, he was sentenced to be whipped and exiled to Siberia in 1718. Peter canceled the beating at the last moment, and Kanbar went into exile unbeaten. Apparently, he did not return from exile, since his father Nikita Ivanovich left his lands not to him, but to his grandson Nikolai. He got Altufyevo. Initially, all of Nikita Akinfov’s estates were alienated to the treasury, but later Peter allowed them to be inherited by someone whom the exile pointed out. Nikita Ivanovich, now monk Ioaniky, pointed to his grandson, since his son was also in exile. True, there was also a daughter, whose husband later sued his nephew for the right to inherit.

These are the whirlwinds and hurricanes of history that once swirled over the modest estate.
And I will tell the story about the second surname associated with Peter the Great