The main idea of the parable is what is more important. Parables about the main thing
I don’t argue, every person has the right to have their own opinion.
But if all people also tried to find themselves, and did not do what they have to do and what they are not predisposed to at all, and asked themselves a little more questions, perhaps in our country everything would be a little different than it is now. I mean, there would be almost complete indifference to what is happening. After all, our country is being destroyed! We don’t have our own industry, we don’t produce anything, we live only off oil...what they do with education, I’m generally silent...And yet no one seems to care. Some kind of complete apathy. No, I, of course, understand that everyone’s own shirt is closer to their body... but not to the same extent! However...I often think what can be done? I actually speak for the most part myself. Of course, there are people who also don’t like all this, but nevertheless, I think there are still more of those who live by the principle “Don’t worry, be happy”... I don’t know how to make other people think, make them do something. And you...what do you think about this?
You know, I also wanted to ask. I know my question may seem naive, but as Remarque said: “Naivety is a gift and not a disadvantage”)). In general, have you thought about taking up literary work? I mean, have you thought about becoming a writer? Or maybe you are already published somewhere? A blog, this is, of course, wonderful... But how can I say, it’s not quite right. You are a representative of the young THINKING generation and, in my opinion, you write very well (of course, I am not your judge, and in general I have no moral right to give you an assessment, since I do not have a humanities education. Hmm... not yet...) Just I really love literature, and I liked what I read on your blog: your reasoning, reflections, the parable of the wings. To be completely honest, the only thing I don’t like a little is some punctuation errors and the word “equal” in your “First Entry”. It’s written with an a, from the word equal...And so, I’m still delighted). I hope you won't be offended by what I just said.)
So here it is. I’m just very upset that in our time there are so few people who would...how to say...be involved in the moral education of society, or something. Now there are no writers, modern writers who would enjoy popularity and universal respect and would highlight important issues in their works, force people to analyze their actions, etc. After all, who are all these Dashkovs and Marinins? So, a gray piece of literature to read on the train... Of all the people involved in creative activities, I think only Zadornov sets as his goal to somehow influence people, their patriotic feelings)) And of modern writers... they said that Akunin is not bad writes... However, they say a lot of things, but, unfortunately, I haven’t read them myself. Have you read it? Share your impressions if you have read it?
And that’s why I think people like you, who care, who don’t agree to go with the flow, need to bring their thoughts to the masses! (No matter how pretentious and stupid it may sound))) And of course, not everyone will agree with your opinion, and of course, there will be those who will be against it, but nevertheless, people will think about it. I think they will definitely think about it! After all, what are “Metro 2012”, “Harry Potter”, the novels of Weber and Coelho? It seems to me nothing more than fascinating reading...although, my acquaintance with the above things was limited to only leafing through the books standing on store shelves...but still, they will never be on a par with the works of L.N. Tolstoy and F.M. Dostoevsky . Perhaps it is one-sided of me to read only classical literature, but I believe that life is short, and it is better to have time to read something more worthwhile.
There are almost no real, deep things in modern literature, and if there are, they are not popular. At least I haven’t come across them)) But I really wish there were. In general, I hope that I conveyed the main idea. I will be very interested to know your opinion.
And... I hope you haven’t gotten tired of my letter yet, and you will read it to the end...)) It’s probably weird when an unfamiliar girl just picks it up and starts writing... Maybe it’s because I’ve been like this for three or four years now from time to time I “fall into depression” due to the fact that I don’t know, but I feel that I’m not doing the right thing in life yet. Or, perhaps, I have not yet found what I belong to in the area with which my life is connected now. And you, you look at the world very positively. Don’t get hung up on simple questions, but solve them. That's why I'm interested in your opinion. In short, I hope that at least you won’t laugh at me while reading my “essay”))
Can I ask you one last question?) You say that you understand what you want and, nevertheless, are in search of yourself. I don’t quite understand...Doesn’t finding yourself mean understanding what you want? What did you mean?
P.S. I promise this will be the last question. Now you have read my letter. How many years would you give me?)) It’s just that my mom quotes Pushkin’s “blessed is he who was young from a young age” and says that at my age you need to think about something completely different. Am I really that old?;)) I hope I didn’t bore you too much...
What's more important? (parable)
You probably asked yourself and others this question, and I think the answers were different. After all, each of us thinks in his own way what will be more important for him and what will not. I don’t know whether this is true or not, but I believe that we determine what is important in our lives step by step, that is, during the years of our childhood and youth, it is important for us to finish school and get an education, after which it will be important for someone to find a good and promising work, and for others to create a family and raise children, for others to see the whole world and so on and so on. But is this always the case and do we make the right choice about what is more important in our lives? That’s why I want to offer you one parable, maybe it will give us a more correct answer, what is more important and how to avoid making a mistake when going on a journey called life...
How often do changes occur in our lives? And now, nowadays, you can do business on the Internet and it is not only prestigious, but also profitable. But business development also depends on how accessible your site is to most people on the Internet. If you want to be known not only in your own country, but also abroad, then the information should be presented in several languages. And then the question arises, how to do this? I will help you with advice, contact companies or agencies that translate website pages. For example, translation agency "movapro". By contacting us you will always receive a high-quality translation in a short time. For detailed information, go to the website: movapro.kiev.ua. Here you will learn about services, terms and prices. Contact us and they will always help you. Success in your business is important to you in life. And now we will find out what is more important for us in our lives.
One day, before the start of the lecture, the professor entered the classroom and laid out several objects on the table. The lesson began, the professor picked up an empty glass jar, filled it to the top with large stones, showed it to the students and asked if the jar was full.
The students agreed that the jar was full. After this, the professor poured small pebbles into the same jar, which filled the voids between the stones after the professor shook them several times, and again addressed the audience with the question:
- Is the jar full?
The students agreed with a smile that the jar was full this time too.
After this, the professor poured sand into the jar, which filled the remaining gaps between the stones and pebbles, and asked:
- Is the jar full now?
In some bewilderment, the students agreed that the jar was full this time too.
After this, the professor poured water into the jar, after which there was no empty space left in the jar.
“And now,” the professor addressed the audience, “I want you to imagine that the jar is a person’s life, and stones are the most important things for him - family, children, friends, health.... in a word, everything.” , which is necessary for the fullness of life even if he has nothing else. Pebbles are other things that have become important to a person - work, home, property, car... And sand is the little things in life. And so, if you first fill the jar with sand, there will be no room left for pebbles and sand. In other words, if a person fills his life with the little things in life, there will be no time left for the truly most important things. Remember this, spend time with your loved ones, don’t forget your friends. Determine your priorities, determine for yourself everything that is really important for the fullness of life. After all, everything else is just sand.
At this moment, one hand rose in the audience and the student who raised his hand asked:
- What does water mean?
“I was waiting for this question,” the professor smiled, “and I’m glad that you asked it.” And water means that no matter how full a person’s life is, there is always a little space left for rest.
And now, when we read the parable, what thoughts appeared, what is more important in our lives? Perhaps some of you will agree with the words of the professor, and some will not and will express their opinion. It would be interesting to know what you think on this issue. Perhaps you will agree with me that we do not always correctly determine what is more important in our lives, especially in our young years, but over the years we come to the conclusion about the importance. But I think that maybe it will be better that with a delay, but we decide what is more important than living to old age and not understanding where life itself was and where it was just its little things. And this happens in our lives; not always and not everyone can make the correct distinction. We see this from our loved ones and acquaintances from films. And now on television there are a sufficient number of television projects related to real life and real heroes who determine their priorities of what is important.
Central Children's Library MKUK "Korochanskaya Central District Hospital named after N. S. Sokhanskaya (Kokhanovskaya)"
Toy library for children 6 years old
Parable “What Wins”
L.N. Tolstoy. Fable "Liar"
Parable “What Wins”
Not by bread alone... Parables and Christian legends / Comp. N. Astakhova. – M.: White City, 2012. – 127 p.
Once upon a time, an old man revealed one vital truth to his grandson.
There is a struggle in every person, very similar to the struggle of two wolves. One wolf represents evil - envy, jealousy, regret, selfishness, ambition, lies... The other wolf represents good - peace, love, hope, truth, kindness, loyalty...
The grandson thought about his grandfather’s words.
The old man smiled and answered:
The wolf you feed wins.
Exercise 1. Read the parable out loud.
Exercise 2. Who are the main characters of the parable? (Old Man and Grandson)
Exercise 3. What does each wolf represent? (One wolf represents evil: envy, jealousy, regret, selfishness, ambition, lies. The other wolf represents good: peace, love, hope, truth, kindness and loyalty)
Exercise 4. What does the Old Man compare the inner world of a person to? (With two wolves fighting)
Task 5. How do you understand the words envy, jealousy, selfishness, lies?
Task 6. How do you understand the words peace, love, hope, kindness, fidelity?
Exercise 7. Choose an antonym for the words lie, goodness, fidelity, peace. ( Lies - truth, good - evil, loyalty - betrayal, peace - war)
Task 8. What proverbs do you know about good and evil? ( Remember good, but forget evil, They do not seek good from good. The world is not without good people, It’s hard for those who remember evil.)
Exercise 9. Fill in the missing words:
Once upon a time, an old man revealed to his grandson one vital _____.
There is a _____ in every person, very similar to the struggle of two ______. One wolf represents _____ - envy, jealousy, regret, selfishness, ambition, lies... The other wolf represents _____ - peace, love, hope, truth, kindness, loyalty...
The grandson thought about his grandfather's _______.
Which wolf wins in the end? - he asked.
The old man __________ and answered:
The wolf you ________ wins.
Missing words: fight, wolves, evil, good, words, smiled, feed.
Task 10. Find nouns in the text ( Nouns: old man, grandson, truth, man, struggle, wolves, evil, envy, jealousy, regret, selfishness, ambition, lie, good, peace, love, hope, truth, kindness, fidelity, in the words of grandfather, end, he)
Exercise 11. Find words from the text among the letters.
ALEPROLDERKLODOBROPAPMIRPAWOLKZHDVAWINSPA
Answer: old man, good, peace, wolf, wins
Exercise 12. What does the parable teach? (This parable makes you think: what am I - good or evil? It teaches us to cultivate goodness in ourselves)
L.N. Tolstoy. Fable "Liar"
Tolstoy, L.N. Children / L.N. Tolstoy. – M.: Rosman press, 2011. – P. 132.
The boy was guarding the sheep and, as if seeing a wolf, began to call: “Help, wolf! Wolf!” The men came running and saw: it’s not true. He did this two and three times, and it happened that a wolf actually came running. The boy began to shout: “Here, here quickly, wolf!” The men thought that he was deceiving again as always - they did not listen to him.
The wolf sees that there is nothing to be afraid of: he has slaughtered the entire herd in the open.
Creative analysis of text using the methodology of V. A. Borodina
Exercise 1. Read the fable out loud.
Exercise 2. Why didn’t the men come running to help for the fourth time?
Exercise 3. What proverbs do you know with the word “lie”? ( Better the bitter truth than a sweet lie. Lies do not make a person beautiful. Small lies lead to big ones. Anyone who likes to lie cannot be mistaken for a friend.)
Exercise 4. Find nouns and verbs in the text. ( Nouns - boy, sheep, wolf, men, untruth, he, open space, herd;
Verbs - guarded, became, saw, did, happened, ran, shouted, thought, deceived, did not listen)
Exercise 5. Find synonyms for the words boy, call, help, came running, thought, deceives, sees, cut ( boy - guy, boy, lad; call - shout, speak, shout; ran - galloped, rushed; thought - reflected, thought, reasoned; deceives - lies, lies, dissembles; sees - looks, looks, beholds)
Exercise 6. Fill in the missing words:
The boy ______ sheep and, as if seeing a wolf, became ______: “Help, wolf! wolf!” _______ came running and saw: it’s not true. So ______he did this two and three times, it happened - he really ran ____. The boy became ______: “Here, here quickly, wolf!” Guys ________, who again always deceive, do not _______ him.
The wolf sees _______ there is nothing: in the open space _________ the whole herd.
Missing words: guard, call, men, did, wolf, scream, thought, listened, be afraid, cut.
Exercise 7.
ALVISTOVOLKAZEOASTADOPYTSUMUZHIKIRESVVU
Answer: wolf, herd, men
Exercise 8. What conclusions can be drawn from the fable? ( If you deceive me once, they won’t believe you another time. It is very easy to lose the trust of those around you, and very difficult to win it again)
Evgeny Dubravny. Poem "Hedgehog"
Dubravny, E. Zveroslov. Fluffy alphabet for the curious. Poems / E. Dubravny. – Belgorod: Vezelitsa, 2009. – 67 p.: ill. - (Nature and children)
This is a wise, diligent hedgehog
Earns food diligently.
Only Patrikeevna knows
How dangerous is water for a hedgehog?
And often it awaits him
Either by the river or by the pond.
The hedgehog is the shyest of all -
He walks barefoot through the dew...
The hedgehog loves everyone to bits,
But it just can’t
He makes friends with the fox.
We will gladly help the hedgehog -
We'll treat you with milk and dew...
I became friends with the fox forever.
Creative analysis of text using the methodology of V. A. Borodina
Exercise 1. Read the poem out loud.
Task 2. Where do hedgehogs live? ( in the garden, in the forest)
Task 3. What do hedgehogs eat? ( small rodents, plants)
Exercise 4. What does a fox eat? ( small mammals, small rodents)
Exercise 5. Why can't Hedgehog make friends with her? ( The fox eats hares and can eat him)
Exercise 6. Describe the hedgehog. What is he like? ( Shy, wise, diligent, small)
Exercise 7. Fill in the missing words:
When night ______ puts everyone to sleep,
Suddenly you hear a rustling in the garden...
This is a wise ____________hedgehog
Earns food diligently.
Only Patrikeevna knows
Like ________ water for a hedgehog,
And often he __________
Either by the river or by the pond.
Shyest of all _______-
He walks barefoot through the dew...
Hedgehog _____ everyone is shaking,
But it just can’t
He makes friends with _______.
We will gladly help the hedgehog -
Milk _______ and dew...
We want ________ hedgehog
I became friends with the fox forever.
(Missing words: rest, diligent, dangerous, waiting, hedgehog, loves, fox, treat, small)
Exercise 8. Restore the destroyed text:
We will gladly help the hedgehog -
We will treat you with milk and dew...
We want a little hedgehog
I became friends with the fox forever. (4)
Only Patrikeevna knows
How dangerous is water for a hedgehog?
And often it awaits him
Either by the river or by the pond. (2)
When the night puts everyone to rest,
Suddenly you hear a rustling in the garden...
This is a wise, diligent hedgehog
Earns food diligently. (1)
The hedgehog is the shyest of all -
He walks barefoot through the dew...
The hedgehog loves everyone to bits,
But it just can’t
He makes friends with the fox. (3)
Exercise 9. Underline the rhyming words.
Exercise 10. Ciphergram. Find words from the text among the letters.
PAMCHVODANAEZHIKAVFZNOCHRAAVSHOROHRDZHK
Answer: water, hedgehog, night, rustle
Exercise 11. Find their endings at the beginning of the lines:
When should the diligent hedgehog rest at night (3)
Suddenly he hears it knows (5)
It is the wise man who will put everyone to bed, (1)
Preys diligently waits (7)
Only one Patrikeevna rustle in the garden... (2)
How dangerous food is. (4)
And often his little boy gets water, (6)
Either by the river, or by a hedgehog - (9)
Everyone is shyest by the pond. (8)
Can't walk in dew (12)
The hedgehog loves everyone barefoot... (10)
But we can’t help you in any way – (14)
He makes friends until he trembles, (11)
We are happy with the hedgehog and the fox. (13)
Let's treat the hedgehog with milk (16)
We want the little one with the fox. (17)
Became friends forever and with dew... (15)
Exercise 12. What other poems, stories or fairy tales have you read about the hedgehog and the fox? ( Russian folk tales “The Cat and the Fox”, “The Fox and the Jug”, “The Fox and the Blackbird”, S. Kozlov “Hedgehog in the Fog”, A. Usachev “Once Upon a Time There Were Hedgehogs”, L.N. Tolstoy “The Hedgehog and the Hare”, etc.)
Parable text analysis scheme
1. Parable of the man who built the house
Once upon a time there lived one man. He was building himself a house. He wanted the house to become the most comfortable, warmest, most beautiful in the world.
The man began to build his house thoroughly. He lovingly chose stones and cut them. Construction took a long time, but gradually one of the most beautiful houses that once existed in the world was born.
People came to him and asked for help, since the whole world was on fire, people were suffering and dying. He refused protection and care to everyone, because he was only interested in the house, and not in the world around...
When he finally built his wonderful house, he could not find a planet where he could live.
1. Analysis of the parable
1. Symbols and meanings used in the parable:
Home is family, life, support, protection...
Stones rules, laws...
Flame - wars, troubles, misfortunes...
2. Values (universal): home, family, mercy, responsiveness, helping one’s neighbor, the superiority of the spiritual world over the material...
3. Main idea- a person who lives only for himself remains alone in this world...
4. Questions and tasks for students:
1) Reading of the parable by the teacher (until the last paragraph)
– Did you like the parable? What attracted you to her? What feelings did it awaken in you?
– How many parts can this parable be divided into?
2) Work in groups (reading in parts and completing assignments)
Group 1: Make up questions for the first part of the story.
Group 2: Explain the expressions: “thoroughly began to build,” “chose and hewed with love,” “gradually appeared.”
Group 3: Make up questions for the third part of the story.
Group 4: Draw a house built by a man, and himself at the end of the story. What feelings will you try to convey in the drawing?
Sample questions from and to students:What did a person want when he dreamed of his own home?Is there anything wrong with what he dreamed about?How does it make you feel?
(A step - and a man at the top, show (draw) an illustration on the board)
– How did a person build his house? What do the expressions mean: “he thoroughly began to build”, “he chose and hewed with love”, “gradually appeared.”
– Was it difficult work? Why doesn't it tire a person? Why doesn't he quit this difficult job?
(Step down)
– What was happening around the man and his beautiful house? What did the people around you need?
– How does a person behave? Why does he deny others protection and care?
– Can we still admire a person?
– How does it make you feel?
(Step down)
– Why do you think the person who built the house has no place not only on Earth, but in the entire Universe? Why was he so terribly punished?
(Demonstration of drawings of 4 groups of students)
Why did a man who planned a good deed end up in such a terrible situation? Is this punishment fair? How does this person make you feel?
2. Conversation
– Describe the qualities of a person? (“Indifference”, “heartlessness”, how do you understand them?)
– What is unusual in this short story? Does it only talk about man and building a house?
– What is HOME in the life of every person?
– What did the man lack, what did he forget when building his house?
(The last step is down)
3. General acquaintance with the genre of parables. Comparison with fable
4. Generalization
– What did this parable help each of you understand? What is the main idea of the parable?
Russian folk proverbs
Life is given for good deeds.
To help others, you don’t need heroic strength, you don’t need a magic wand. All you need is desire. It's even more important not to expect requests for help. And, most importantly, don’t be late with...
2. The gardener and the padishah
One day the padishah drove past the garden and saw an old man behind the fence planting a peach tree.
“Hey, old man,” the padishah turned to the gardener, “your life is coming to an end, you will no longer wait for the fruits of this tree, so why bother?.. Well, I know, I know, you will say: “Our ancestors worked for us, and we must work for posterity.” But tell me, is there any point in thinking about the past, which has gone into darkness, and about the future, which has not yet emerged from the darkness? After all, only the present belongs to us.
- You, the ruler, should understand the gardener! - answered the old man. “You don’t want to remember the past, which means your past is such that it would be better not to have it at all.” You don’t want to think about the future, which means you’re afraid of it. So I don’t envy your present!
Analysis of the parable:
– How does each of the characters relate to life and time?
– Why did the old gardener say that he does not envy the real padishah himself?(Although the padishah says that only the present belongs to today’s generation, he does not understand the most important thing: the present is the connecting link between a person’s past and future.)
Garden - life in the Earth, sunset - time of old age, fruit - deeds, actions of a person, dark - emptiness, abyss, tree – man (tree of life), old man - sage, fence - a symbol of separation...
“Just as a bridge becomes a bridge only when it is walked on, just as gold acquires value only when it is separated from the earth, just as the kernel of a nut can only be eaten by breaking its shell, so the knowledge contained in symbols can only be revealed when a person will make every effort to achieve this...”
Russian folk proverbs
Whoever does good will be blessed by God.
Without good deeds there is no good name.
A good deed lives for two centuries, this one and that one.
While you live, you do good, only the path of good is the salvation of the soul.
It is bad for him who does no good to anyone.
Live in such a way that there is neither sin from God nor shame from people.
A good deed for two centuries: for this and for this.
Sow goodness, sprinkle goodness, reap goodness, bestow goodness.
For thoughts:“A person leaves, but things remain; therefore, the person remains in the end.” ( A. Isahakyan)
3. Rabbi and Soap Maker
(This parable can be used when studying “Fundamentals of World Religious Cultures” of the ORKSE course.)
One day a rabbi and a soap maker were walking together.
– What is the use of the Jewish religion? - asked the soap maker. - Look how much trouble and suffering there is in the world! Neither thousands of years of knowledge of goodness, truth and justice, nor the study of the Torah, nor the wisdom of the righteous, nor the high ideals of the prophets help. If our faith is actually true, why is it so bad?
The rabbi did not answer. They went further and saw: a child playing in the gutter, all dirty and soiled. And the rabbi said:
- Look at this child. You say soap washes dirt off people, but he is covered in dirt. What's the use of soap? There is more than enough of it in the world, but the child remains dirty. So I ask, does soap really help?
“But, Rabbi,” the soap maker objected, “soap cannot help if you don’t use it.”
- Right! – the rabbi perked up. – It’s the same with our religion. It doesn’t help if you don’t confess it day after day all your life!
Analysis of the parable
– Identify the characters in the parable. What does it say? (The character of the parable is a Jewish priest - a rabbi; it talks about the truth of the Jewish faith.)
– What sacred source is mentioned in the parable? (Appeal to the holy book of the Jews - the Torah, to the wisdom of the righteous and the ideals of the Jewish prophets.)
– What words-symbols are found in the parable, what do they mean?
(Soap maker - doubting Jew. Dirt - human sins, “dirty deeds”, human earthly existence. Soap – Jewish faith (prayer, rituals, Jewish traditions, Torah, commandments, the path of goodness and justice, good human deeds). Child – an unbelieving Jew; a Jew who does not adhere to the canons of the Jewish religion; sinner.)
– What values does the parable reflect? (Knowledge of goodness, truth and justice through the confession of the Jewish faith (religious approach). The path to knowledge of the ideal of existence through human actions in the name of goodness, truth and justice (cultural approach).)
– What is the main idea of the parable? (The basis of human suffering and troubles lies in people’s unbelief, their sinfulness and detachment from the commandments of the Jewish religion; in order to get rid of them you need to be a true Jew (religious approach). In order to come to justice, goodness, wisdom, you need all your subordinate life to these values (cultural approach).)
Theoretical questions: What is the Torah? What does the Torah mean, and translated from what language?Is it possible to name the author of the Torah and why?How many books does the Torah include? Name its main parts.Why is the Torah still read?
Practical questions (to source):
- What caused the dispute?
- What is the point of view of the soap maker watching the child? Does the rabbi agree with him?
- Compare the heroes? How are they similar and how are they different?
- What lessons did the rabbi give to the soap maker?
- What lesson (commandment) can a person learn for himself after reading the parable?
- What is the reason that people continue to do evil?
- What symbols do you see in the parable? What or who can each of the heroes of the parable mean?
- Which character's point of view is closest to you? Why?
4. Take the basket...
My father grew old and weakened. Life barely glimmers in him. The son got tired of caring for his elderly father, and he decided to get rid of him.
He put his father in a basket and carried him high into the mountains. He let the basket fall to the ground and was just about to leave when his father called out to him:
“Son, I’m not offended that you brought me here, but take the basket!”
- What do I need it for?
– Your son will need it when he wants to bring you here...
Analysis of the parable
What is this parable about?
What did your son forget? (The responsibility to “honor father and mother” does not end when father and mother grow old.)
What important moral law does the parable remind us of?
What is the responsibility of parents and children to each other?
What does the parable teach?
For thoughts:
"Honor your father and your mother, so that your days on earth may be long..."One of the Christian commandments
“If you want to know how your children will treat you in your old age, look at how you treat your parents.”Persian proverb
“What you give to your parents today, you will receive from your children tomorrow.”Chinese proverb
“Whoever does not take care of his parents in his youth condemns himself to suffering in old age.”Persian proverb
“Supporting your father and mother is the greatest blessing.” Buddhism
"The measure of the valor of children is in their relation to their parents."Armenian proverb
“Fathers and children should not wait for requests from each other, but proactively give what each other needs.” Diogenes
5. Parable of the Snake
Once upon a time there lived a snake whose head and tail were constantly arguing with each other. The head says to the tail: “I should be considered the eldest. I have eyes to see, a mouth to eat, and when I move I am ahead of the rest of my body. But you don’t have such virtues.”
In response, the tail wrapped itself around the tree three times. The head was unable to move in search of food and almost died of starvation. She said to the tail: “Let me go, and I will recognize you as the eldest.” The tail, hearing these words, immediately unhooked itself from the tree.
The head again says to the tail: “Since you are recognized as the eldest, let’s see how you go first.” The tail went forward, but did not take even a few steps before it fell into a fiery pit, and the snake died in the fire.
Analysis of the parable
– Identify the heroes participating in this parable; list. How many heroes?
– What were the Tail and the Head arguing about?
– Who do you think is right: the tail or the head?! Give reasons for your point of view.
– What can be said about the qualities and values of the Tail and Head?
– What in history might seem strange to you? (The tail took a few steps, but the Snake cannot walk; the Snake is silent.)
– What advice would you give to the Snake when you find yourself nearby?
– What is the meaning of the parable? (Live in harmony.)
– Can similar situations happen in life?
– Name the fables that can be attributed to this parable.
– Name the proverbs and sayings that fit the parable.
– How would you illustrate this parable on a piece of paper?
6. Bee and drones (Aesop)
- There is no authority over you, you slackers! – the worker bee somehow couldn’t stand it, trying to reason with the drones flying around the hive in vain. – You just shouldn’t work. Shame on you! Everywhere you look, everyone is working, stocking up for future use. Take, for example, a tiny ant. Small, but smart. He works hard all summer, trying not to miss a single day. After all, winter is just around the corner.
– I found someone to use as an example! - snapped one of the drones, who was very bored with the bee’s instructions. Yes, your vaunted ant destroys the seeds of every harvest. This little thief drags every little thing into his anthill.
Don’t feed the slacker bread, but let him reason, and you won’t deny him the ability to denigrate others.
Analysis of the parable
– Who are the heroes of the parable?
– How do you understand why the worker bee scolds the drones? What did the bee call the drone? (Idlers.)
– Name the prefix in this word? I suggest you look at the words in which we also highlight the prefix without -:penniless, homeless, carefree, deserted, joyless.What meaning does a prefix add to words? (Lack of something or deficiency.)
– What do you think is the intonation in the bee’s voice?
– Read the parable again. Do drones consider themselves slackers? How are they trying to justify themselves?! (The drones slander the hardworking ant.)
– The symbol of which is the ant and the worker bee; drones performing? Which of them deserves our respect? Why? Where do drones come from?
– Why do “labor”, “difficulty” and “difficulty” have the same root?
Working with proverbs and sayings
Happiness does not float in the air - it is given by hard work.
To live without anything is to smoke the sky.
Lazy - for lunch, zealous - for work.
Sow goodness, sprinkle goodness, reap goodness, bestow goodness.
Idleness is the mother of vices.
For thoughts:
“Work saves us from three great evils: boredom, vice, need.” Voltaire
“Work is the father of happiness.” W. Franklin
“Work is not a virtue, but an inevitable condition for a virtuous life.” D. Torro
“The road to happiness lies through work; other paths do not lead to happiness.” Abu Shuqur Bahli
“Freeing yourself from work is a crime against yourself.” J. J. Rousseau
“Whoever has been useful to another has benefited himself.” Seneca
“Laziness is the mother of all vices.”Eastern wisdom
7. Greedy Lion
The hero of the parable will be the king of beasts - Leo. Everyone knows that a lion is a terrible predator. It can sneak up very close to its prey, and then rushes after it, catches up and makes a jump. Lives in Africa.
Listening to the parable, determine what quality of the lion is manifested very clearly?(Analytical reading)
One day the Lion went out hunting, saw a hare, chased him, growled:
- Hey, scythe, you can’t get away from me, I’ll eat you.
Just as the Lion wanted to grab the hare, a mountain goat ran out to meet him. Leo sees that the goat has more meat, he left the hare and chased the goat. The Lion had just caught up with the goat, when suddenly a gazelle ran out to meet him. The lion left the goat and chased the gazelle. A deep-water river blocked their way. The gazelle jumped over the river and ran further, but the Lion stopped - he couldn’t jump over it.
Leo bowed his head, saw his reflection in the water and thought...
Greed
– This parable is called “The Greedy Lion.” Why did Leo keep changing prey?
– What does a greedy person strive for?!(Strives for profit, wants to get more than he needs.)
– Greed becomes an unbridled desire, an unbridled passion for our hero. People called a greedy person “stingy” or “stingy.”
– What do you think Leo thought when he saw his reflection in the water? (Children's statements.)
... And he thought that there was some kind of large animal in front of him. And Lev decided: why chase a gazelle when great prey awaits him here. He accelerated and splashed into the water, only bubbles began to appear.
– What other quality of Leo is manifested in this story?(Stupidity)
– What does the parable teach?
For thoughts:
“Greed is the desire to have more than is necessary.” Augustine
“Greed is an unbridled passion for acquisition, a thirst for gain.” P. Bracciolini
8. Bear
- Guess who will be the hero in this parable(work in groups):
- “Assemble the picture” (puzzles): students assemble puzzles and guess the hero of the parable.
- They read a passage of text and also guess the hero.
The largest and probably the most famous predator. Loves to feast on wild berries and tasty plant roots. But he won’t refuse delicious acorns and mushrooms. Swims magnificently, not being afraid to cross large rivers several kilometers wide.
So, the hero of our parable will be bear .
– What do bears like most? ( Honey.)
- Right. Bears have a big sweet tooth. Clubfoot sweet-eaters often destroy the nests of wild bees. The bees do not like this at all, and they try to bite the uninvited guests. But the bears don’t give up, because honey is so delicious.
– What can scare a bear? (Listen to options.)
Who is the bear afraid of?
They once said to a bear:
- The whole village is coming for you!
- But I’m not afraid! - answers the clubfoot.
-Who are you afraid of?!
“But if they say that my brothers are coming at me, then I have something to be afraid of.”
-What is the bear afraid of? What could scare him? ( Betrayal of loved ones.)
– What is the meaning of the parable?
In the foreseeable past of the Earth, many peoples were born and disappeared into oblivion. From some, only their name remains, from others – a few lines in historiography.
There are many objective reasons. But enmity and civil strife between the rulers played a significant role in their weakening. It was they who undermined the strength of nations.
9. Dog and wolf
The hero of Russian folk tales is often the Gray Wolf. Guess which fairy tales these illustrations are from (the teacher shows illustrations or slides from the fairy tales “The Wolf and the Seven Little Goats”, “The Cat and the Fox”, “The Fox and the Wolf”).
– You and I know that the Gray Wolf is deceiving and cunning; he is strong, but uses force to commit wrongdoing; evil, will not spare the defenseless; in some situations the Russian people show him as stupid.
Reading the parable “The Dog and the Wolf.”
Dog and wolf
One day a peasant went into the forest to get firewood. His dog also followed him. Together they entered the forest. Suddenly a wolf appeared. He attacked the dog and dragged it into the forest to eat it, but the dog said to him with tears in its eyes:
- What have I done to you that you want to eat me? If you eat me now, you will still be hungry again tomorrow. Let's go to our home, they give me bread and other food every day, we'll live together.
The wolf sees that the dog means business and agrees. They walked and walked, and when they approached the village, the wolf noticed that the dog’s neck was bald, covered in festering wounds.
“It’s good, very good, brother, that you live so well, but why is your neck so wounded?”
“You know what, brother, my master has a bad character: before he puts bread in front of me, he puts a chain around my neck, and then says: “Eat.”
“No, brother, I’ll go back, and you go and live with a full stomach and a chain around your neck.”
Analysis of the parable
– What does the Wolf value most? (Appreciates freedom.)
Freedom is one of the most important moral values. Freedom can be compared to the air of mountain peaks. Having freedom, a person has a choice. But for weak people freedom is intolerable! Why?
– What is the meaning of the parable?
Try to explain why people did the same work but got different answers.
– What values does the parable reflect? What does she teach us?
The sage asked the student:
What is the most terrible tragedy of human life?
Probably the fact that a person does not find answers to his questions? - asked the student.
No, - answered the sage, - because he does not find questions to which answers should be sought.
What's more important
Three wise men argued about what is more important for a person - his past, present or future. One of them said:
My past makes me who I am. I can do what I have learned in the past. I believe in myself because I was good at the things I did before. I like people with whom I had a good time before, or who are similar to them. I look at you now, see your smiles and wait for your objections, because we have argued more than once, and I already know that you are not used to agreeing with anything without objections.
And it’s impossible to agree with this,” said another, “if you were right, a person would be doomed, like a spider, to sit day after day in the web of his habits.” A person is made by his future. It doesn’t matter what I know and can do now, I will learn what I need in the future. My idea of what I want to be in two years is much more real than my memories of what I was two years ago, because my actions now depend not on what I was, but on what I'm going to become. I like people who are different from those I knew before. And the conversation with you is interesting because I am anticipating an exciting struggle and unexpected turns of thought here.
“You completely lost sight,” a third intervened, “that the past and future exist only in our thoughts.” The past is no more. There is no future yet. And whether you remember the past or dream about the future, you act only in the present. Only in the present can you change something in your life - neither the past nor the future is under our control. Only in the present can you be happy: memories of past happiness are sad, anticipation of future happiness is anxious.
What is the difference?
One wise man, speaking to his audience, told them an anecdote. The entire audience shook with laughter.
A few minutes later he told people the same joke again. Only a few people smiled.
The sage told the same joke for the third time, but no one laughed.
The old wise man smiled and said: “You can’t laugh at the same joke all the time... So why do you allow yourself to cry over the same thing all the time?”
Two angels
There were two angels in heaven. One always rested on a cloud, and the other flew from the earth to God.
The resting angel asked another:
Why are you flying back and forth?
I carry messages to God that begin - "God help..."
Why do you always rest?
I must carry messages to the Lord that begin, “Thank you, Lord...”
Who are you?
At the American Kennedy Airport, a journalist conducted a survey on the topic:
"What do you think is the most disgusting thing in the world?"
People answered differently: war, poverty, betrayal, illness...
At this time, the Zen monk Sung San was in the hall. The journalist, seeing the Buddhist robe, asked the monk a question. And the monk asked a counter question:
I, John Smith.
No, it's a name, but who are you?
I am a TV reporter for such and such a company...
No. This is a profession, but who are you?
I'm human, after all!..
No, this is your biological species, but who are you?..
The reporter finally understood what the monk meant and froze with his mouth open, as he could not say anything.
The monk remarked:
This is the most disgusting thing in the world - not knowing who you are.
Two families
Two different families live in neighboring houses. Some quarrel all the time, others always have silence and mutual understanding.
One day, envious of the peace in the neighboring family, the wife says to her husband:
- Go to your neighbors and see what they do, that everything is always fine with them.
He went, hid and watched. Here he sees a woman washing the floors in the house, suddenly something distracted her, and she ran to the kitchen. At this time, her husband urgently needed to go to the house. He did not notice the bucket of water, caught it and the water spilled.
Then the wife came, apologized to her husband, and said:
- Sorry, dear, it's my fault.
- No, I'm sorry, it's my fault.
The man got upset and went home. At home my wife asks:
- Well, did you look?
- Well?
- Got it! We are ALL RIGHT, and they are ALL GUILTY.
The price of resentment and anger
Why are you angry and offended? Isn't it better to calm down and forgive? - asked the Teacher.
Why should I do him a favor and forgive him, he... - the student wanted to justify himself.
Sorry for interrupting you,” said the Teacher. - Let me ask you two questions, and then I will answer all your “how” and “why.”
The student nodded affirmatively.
Do you feel good when you are angry and offended? - asked the Teacher.
No, of course not,” answered the student.
So who are you doing a favor when, thanks to kindness, calmness and forgiveness, you do well for yourself?
But tell me, how can you not be offended? It's so difficult.
The main thing is to understand that every time you want to hit someone with the whip of condemnation or resentment, the first thing you swing, you hit yourself.
The secret of marriage
One elderly couple who had lived together for 60 years was asked:
How did you manage to live together for so long?
You see, we were born and raised in a time when broken things were repaired and not thrown away.
Who is rich in what?
A man bought himself a new house - large and beautiful, with a large fruit-bearing garden. And nearby, in an old house, there lived an envious neighbor who constantly tried to ruin his mood: either he would throw garbage under the gate, or he would do some other nasty things.
One day a man woke up in a good mood, went out onto the porch, and there was a bucket of slop. He took a bucket, poured out the slop, cleaned the bucket until it was shiny, collected the largest, ripe and delicious apples into it and went to his neighbor.
The neighbor, hearing a knock on the door, thought maliciously: “Finally, I got him!” He opens the door in the hope of a scandal, and the man handed him a bucket of apples and said:
He who is rich in what, shares it!
What kind of life do you choose?
When God created man, he asked him what he wanted to be.
The man was still young and inexperienced, and therefore he was somewhat confused by such a question and said: “I don’t know.”
Then God took the man by the hand and led him to the sea. Taking him to the shore, God showed him the shells lying on the bottom of the sea and said:
If you want, you can choose the life of a shell - you will be at the very bottom, among millions of people just like you, and your food will only be what the current brings you. Your day today will be similar to yesterday, and your whole life will pass without risk and shock. Neither victories nor defeats will bother you. All the time you will lie on the bottom, only opening and closing the doors. And so from morning to evening: open, close, open, close.
After showing man the life of a shell, God led the man into the mountains. And there, high in the mountains, he pointed out to him an eagle’s nest.
But if you want, you can choose this life for yourself. You will be able to soar as high as you want, you will be able to live the way you want, you will be able to reach the highest peaks, and at these peaks you will meet only a few people like you. You yourself will determine where and how you fly, and the price of all this will be that nothing will ever get to you for nothing. Every day you will go in search of food and get it with sweat and blood. You can choose this life too if you want.
And since then there have been people in the world who chose the life of a shell for themselves, and only a few who chose the life of an eagle for themselves.
