What actually happens in space. What happened in space this year? Events on Earth and in outer space
Space, the last frontier. Humanity actually knows and understands very little about the vast universe in which we live. However, what we do know is that the cosmos is very clearly trying to do everything it can to kill us. From deadly radiation to exploding superstars, the galaxy is dangerous enough to make even the bravest (and most desperate) astronauts think twice about leaving our beautiful, protective atmosphere. However, humanity is set to go into space and begin exploring outer space, so to make sure we know exactly what we're getting ourselves into, here are 25 facts about space that will scare and surprise you!
25. Speed of light
Many people like to imagine themselves flying through the galaxy at the speed of light (that's about 299,792,458 meters per second), but in reality this can be not so much pleasant as it is inevitably deadly. When hydrogen atoms come into contact with an object moving at the speed of light, they turn into extremely radioactive particles that can easily destroy the crew of a spacecraft and all its electronics in a few seconds. Just a few hydrogen atoms wandering through space could have a radioactive output equivalent to the proton beam produced by the Large Hadron Collider.24. Moon
Every year our Moon moves away from the Earth by almost 4 cm and, although at first glance this may seem nonsense, it could have devastating consequences for our planet in the future. Although the Earth's gravitational field should be strong enough to hold the Moon and prevent it from falling out of orbit, the increasing distance between it and the Earth will eventually slow the planet's rotation to the point where one day will last longer than a month and ocean tides will be fixed at place. 23. Black holes
Typically formed by the death of massive stars, black holes are super-dense regions of space-time with such a strong gravitational pull that they can trap light and bend time. Just a small black hole in our solar system could throw planets out of their orbits and tear the sun to pieces. If that's not scary enough on its own, black holes can rush across the galaxy at millions of miles per second, leaving a trail of destruction in their wake. 22. Gamma radiation
The most powerful type of explosion in the universe, gamma ray bursts are intense, high-frequency bursts of electromagnetic radiation that carry as much energy in milliseconds as the Sun will release in its entire existence. If one of these rays hit the Earth, it would strip the atmosphere of ozone in a matter of seconds, and some scientists even attribute the mass extinction that occurred 440 million years ago to bursts of gamma rays hitting the Earth. 21. Zero gravity
Scientifically called microgravity, this condition occurs when an object is in free fall and experiences weightlessness. While it may look fun to float in the air like astronauts, being in a state of weightlessness for extended periods of time can have a mental and physical impact on a person in the long run. 20. Cold welding
Here on Earth, gases in the atmosphere react with metals, creating a thin layer of oxidation. The vacuum of space, however, has no atmosphere and therefore does not lead to oxidation, deforming the metals and leading to an interesting reaction. This reaction is called cold welding and occurs when two metals of the same molecular composition are pressed against each other and joined together permanently as if they were one piece. While this sounds neat, it caused quite a few problems on the first satellites and could make repairs in space a very difficult process. 19. Alien life
The universe is vast and incredibly old, so the chances of other Earth-like planets with developing life are unlikely. According to the Fermi Paradox, a high probability of extraterrestrial life in space is incompatible with the lack of visible evidence to support it. At this point, we're not sure what's scarier: the fact that we might not be the only ones in the universe, or the possibility that we are alone. 18. Wandering planets (orphan planets)
Launched into space by their planetary system after formation, wandering planets are planetary bodies that can freely move through space, crashing into space objects on their way. Because they do not orbit the Sun, rogue planets often have freezing temperatures on their surfaces. However, due to their molten cores and icy insulation, some scientists believe these free-roaming planets could contain vast underground oceans that could harbor life. 17. Travel time
In 1969, the Apollo 11 lunar module took 3 days to reach and land on our own natural satellite, the Moon. Since then, technology has developed greatly. We could reach Mars in 7-9 months, and the flight to Pluto would take about 10 years. Distances beyond our solar system become even more extreme; Even traveling at the speed of light, a flight to the nearest star Alpha Centauri would take us more than 4 light years, and more than 100,000 years to reach the center of the Milky Way galaxy. 16. Extreme temperatures
Depending on where you are in space, you'll likely find yourself in some pretty extreme conditions. The heat generated by a supernova can reach temperatures of 50 million degrees Celsius or more - 5 times more than a nuclear explosion. At the opposite end of the spectrum, the cosmic background temperature is -270 degrees Celsius, only slightly warmer than absolute zero. You definitely don't want to forget your jacket. 15. Darkness
Being afraid of the dark is not just something stupid that children experience; it is an evolutionary trait that humans have developed to protect themselves from the dangers that lurk in the unknown. The only reason adults these days aren't afraid of what they can't see is because they've learned the hard way that the likelihood of monsters lurking under the bed is extremely low. However, in space, darkness is a completely unknown void that extends to infinity, so fear of danger lurking beyond our vision is an understandable reaction. 14. Magnetars
Magnetars (or magnetars) are incredibly dense neutron stars. In fact, in most cases they are entire stars, crushed into spheres only 15 miles (24.14 km) across. A teaspoon's worth of magnetar matter has the same mass as 900 Great Pyramids of Giza. Magnetars also have the strongest magnetic field known in the universe. It is so strong that anything that comes too close to them is shattered at the atomic level. 13. Musculoskeletal atrophy
Staying healthy through exercise is hard enough here on Earth, but in zero gravity it can be even more difficult. Astronauts visiting the International Space Station showed signs of significant muscle atrophy after just 6 months in space, while following a rigorous fitness program to maintain their health. 12. Venus
Despite the fact that this planet received its name in honor of the Roman goddess of love, Venus is perhaps the most evil planet in our solar system. With a surface temperature of about 500 degrees Celsius, an atmospheric pressure 90 times that of Earth, and constant sulfur rain, Venus would kill you the moment you decided to land on it. This is definitely not a planet you'd want to have a picnic on. 11. Dark matter / dark energy
We know very little about our universe. In fact, we've only seen less than 5% of what it's made of. The remaining 95% is dark matter and dark energy. About a quarter of the universe is made up of dark matter, mass that we can neither see nor find in space, but which must be there because of its influence on the behavior of everything around us. The rest of the universe is dark energy, the true nature of which is largely unknown. However, we are pretty sure that it plays a crucial role in the expansion of the universe. 10. Radiation background
The Earth's atmosphere and magnetic field protect us from something really nasty, namely radiation. The cosmic rays, solar winds and electromagnetic particles passing through the universe are so powerful that astronauts traveling between Earth and Mars would receive a dose of radiation equal to that of a full-body CT scan for 5-6 days. Anyone who did not develop radiation sickness before reaching their goal would almost certainly develop a severe form of cancer during their lifetime. 9. Expanding Sun
Our Sun constantly uses nuclear fusion to fuse hydrogen and helium together to fuel its combustion. However, the amount of hydrogen on it is not infinite, and as it is used, the Sun becomes hotter and hotter. Eventually it will become so hot that the Earth's atmosphere will burn out and our oceans will boil and evaporate completely. Then, when there is no more hydrogen in the Sun, it will expand in size, becoming a red giant and consuming the Earth once and for all. 8. Hypernovae
With 100 times more energy than a normal supernova, hypernovae are powerful explosions that occur after the death of a massive star. Although the factors that cause a star to go hypernova are widely disputed, we know that it often results in a black hole or neutron star. Hypernovae are also the source of gamma-ray bursts in the universe, and they are bright enough to be seen with a telescope from millions of light years away. 7. Electromagnetic vibrations
Space is an almost perfect vacuum, which means you can count on your ears not hearing a single sound while you're out in the open. While the thought of complete silence can be maddening in itself, don't assume that just because you can't hear anything, there aren't any sounds there. Due to the lack of gases through which they can propagate, there are no sound waves in space, but sounds are still transmitted through electromagnetic vibrations. NASA recorded some of these vibrations emitted from individual celestial bodies in our solar system and played them back for a truly chilling sci-fi horror effect. 6. Anything can kill you
There is no room for error in space; even the smallest mistake can and will kill you. Of the 430 people sent into space by humanity, 18 never returned. Advances in technology have made modern space travel much safer than it used to be. In the 1970s, almost 30% of people sent into space died. True, the farthest we went was our Moon. A flight to Mars will increase the risk by 10 times, and a flight beyond is still beyond our capabilities. 5. Time dilation
Imagine an astronaut traveling through space at close to the speed of light. Now imagine a person standing on Earth. According to Einstein's theory of special relativity, time will pass much more slowly for an astronaut than for a stationary person, although each of them will not feel any difference in the time passing. When an astronaut finally returns home, even if many years have passed since he left Earth, he will be younger than he would have been if he had spent all that time on Earth. This will happen because physical processes in a moving body occur more slowly than in a stationary one. This is known as “time dilation,” and while we have yet to develop the technology to move people at speeds high enough to observe this effect, we have already seen an example of it when studying high-speed particles in the laboratory. 4. Hypervelocity stars
Believed to be the result of a close encounter with a black hole, hypervelocity stars are stars that have been ejected from their systems, traveling through intergalactic space at speeds of up to 2 million miles (3.218 million km) per hour. While most of the hypervelocity stars we've already identified are the size and mass of the Sun, they could theoretically be any size and reach even more incredible speeds. 3. Solar flares
Despite the occasional burns, our Sun has been providing us with warmth and light for billions of years. Don't let our local star fool you, though. Our Sun is a vast miasma of hot plasma that can randomly shoot out massive bursts of solar radiation. While they are unlikely to pose a direct threat to any form of life on Earth, these solar flares can create electromagnetic pulses that can destroy the power grid, interfere with radio communications, and disable all technology. 2. Depressurization
There is no air in space, this is understandable. However, this involves more danger than simply holding your breath for a long time. The human body is adapted to the Earth's atmospheric pressure, which is why when you take off on a plane or drive along mountain roads, you may experience clicking in your ears. In airless space there is no air pressure. As soon as you step out of the spacecraft into outer space, all the liquid in your body will begin to boil and evaporate, rapidly expanding until you burst like an overfilled balloon. 1. Big Crunch/Big Rip
Everything must come to an end, but will there be an end to everything? Scientists agree that the universe will most likely have a definite end, but exactly how this will happen is still unclear. One prevailing theory states that there will be a great crunch, in which the gravitational forces of the universe will reach their limit and cause the entire universe to stop expanding and begin to contract, eventually collapsing into one infinitely tiny point before disappearing into nothingness. Another theory, known as the Big Rip, states that the universe will expand to such an extent that gravity will no longer make sense and the cosmos will literally fall apart; even particles in atoms will eventually float away from each other. We honestly can’t decide which is scarier. Man has always had a craving for the unknown. Space - so close and so far - is infinity, in the study of which we have probably taken half a step. What awaits us tomorrow: an asteroid or terraforming of Mars? What will NASA do: send the first man to Mercury or send him back to the future? Follow the most interesting things happening beyond the stratosphere. When the Earth is explored entirely, a person will not get bored: he will have space left.
Almost all space equipment costs millions of dollars, and at the same time is disposable - that is why companies and SpaceX seriously took up the creation of reusable rockets, and made them a reality. The efforts of the European Space Agency ESA are also directed in the same direction, which outlined a reusable capsule that could deliver different types of cargo into low-Earth orbit, return safely to Earth and be reused.
The deputy head of the aerospace agency for the development of lunar projects, Mark Sirangelo, who was appointed to this position just a few weeks ago (in April), was fired and is currently retiring, the press service of the head of the agency reports, citing a statement by NASA Director Jim Bridenstine.
Space still remains an incomprehensible mystery for all humanity. It is incredibly beautiful, full of secrets and dangers, and the more we study it, the more we discover new amazing phenomena. We have collected for you the 10 most interesting phenomena that occurred in 2017.
1. Sounds inside the rings of Saturn
The Cassini spacecraft recorded sounds inside the rings of Saturn. The sounds were recorded using an Audio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) device, which detects radio and plasma waves, which are then converted into sounds. As a result, scientists “heard” something completely different from what they expected.
The sounds were recorded using an Audio and Plasma Wave Science (RPWS) device, which detects radio and plasma waves, which are then converted into sound. As a result, we can "hear" dust particles hitting the instrument's antennas, the sounds of which contrast with the usual "whooshes and squeaks" created by charged particles in space.
But as Cassini dove into the void between the rings, everything suddenly became strangely quiet.
The planet, which is an icy ball, was discovered using a special technique and was named OGLE-2016-BLG-1195Lb.
Using microlensing, it was possible to discover a new planet, approximately equal in mass to the Earth and even revolving around its star at the same distance as the Earth from the Sun. However, that's where the similarities end - the new planet is likely too cold to be habitable, as its star is 12 times smaller than our Sun.
Microlensing is a technique that makes it easier to detect distant objects by using background stars as a "backlight". When the star under study passes in front of a larger and brighter star, the larger star briefly “illuminates” the smaller one and simplifies the process of observing the system.
The Cassini spacecraft successfully completed its flyby through the narrow gap between the planet Saturn and its rings on April 26, 2017 and transmitted unique images to Earth. The distance between the rings and the upper layers of the atmosphere of Saturn is about 2,000 km. And Cassini was supposed to pass through this “gap” at a speed of 124 thousand km/h. At the same time, as protection from ring particles that could damage it, Cassini used a large antenna, turning it away from the Earth and towards obstacles. That is why he could not contact Earth for 20 hours.
A team of independent auroral researchers has discovered an as-yet unexplored phenomenon in the night sky over Canada and named it "Steve." More precisely, this name for the new phenomenon was suggested by one of the users in the comments to the photo of the yet unnamed phenomenon. And the scientists agreed. Taking into account the fact that the official scientific communities have not yet properly responded to the discovery, the name will be assigned to the phenomenon.
“Big” scientists do not yet know exactly how to characterize this phenomenon, although the group of enthusiasts who discovered Steve initially called it a “proton arc.” They did not know that proton lights are not visible to the human eye. Preliminary tests showed that Steve turned out to be a hot stream of fast-flowing gas in the upper atmosphere.
The European Space Agency (ESA) has already sent special probes to study Steve and discovered that the air temperature inside the gas flow rises above 3000 degrees Celsius. At first, scientists couldn't even believe it. The data showed that at the time of measurements, Steve, 25 kilometers wide, was moving at a speed of 10 kilometers per second.
5. New planet suitable for life
An exoplanet orbiting a red dwarf star 40 light-years from Earth could be the new winner of the title of "best place to look for signs of life beyond the solar system." According to scientists, the LHS 1140 system in the constellation Cetus may be even more suitable for searching for extraterrestrial life than Proxima b or TRAPPIST-1.
LHS 1140 (GJ 3053) is a star located in the constellation Cetus at a distance of approximately 40 light years from the Sun. Its mass and radius are 14% and 18% solar, respectively. The surface temperature is about 3131 Kelvin, which is half that of the Sun. The star's luminosity is 0.002 that of the Sun. LHS 1140 is estimated to be approximately 5 billion years old.
6. The asteroid that almost made it to Earth
Asteroid 2014 JO25 with a diameter of about 650 m approached Earth in April 2017, and then flew away. This relatively large near-Earth asteroid was only four times farther from Earth than the Moon. NASA classified the asteroid as "potentially hazardous." All asteroids larger than 100 meters in size and approaching the Earth closer than 19.5 times the distance from it to the Moon automatically fall into this category.
The picture shows Pan, the natural satellite of Saturn. Three-dimensional photography was made using the anaglyph method. You can get a stereo effect using special glasses with red and blue filters.
Pan opened on July 16, 1990. Researcher Mark Shoulter analyzed photographs taken by the Voyager 2 robotic probe in 1981. Experts have not yet agreed on why Pan has this shape.
8. First photos of the Trappist-1 habitable system
The discovery of a potentially habitable planetary system of the star Trappist-1 was the event of the year in astronomy. Now NASA has published the first photographs of the star on its website. The camera took one frame per minute for an hour, and then the photos were compiled into animation:
The animation size is 11x11 pixels and covers an area of 44 square arcseconds. This is equivalent to a grain of sand at arm's length.
Recall that the distance from Earth to the star Trappist-1 is 39 light years.
9. Date of collision between Earth and Mars
American geophysicist Stephen Myers from the University of Wisconsin suggested that Earth and Mars could collide. This theory is by no means new, but scientists recently confirmed it by finding evidence in an unexpected place. This is all due to the “butterfly effect”.
It's the same phenomenon. A butterfly fluttering over the Indian Ocean could affect weather patterns over North America within a week.
This idea is not new. But Myers' team found evidence in an unexpected place. The rock formation in Colorado consists of sedimentary layers that indicate climate change, which was caused by fluctuations in the amount of sunlight reaching the planet. According to scientists, this is the result of changes in the Earth's orbit.
For at least the last 50 million years, the Earth's orbit has cycled from circular to elliptical every 2.4 million years. This created climate change. But at 85 million years, this periodicity was 1.2 million years, since the Earth and Mars interacted slightly, as if “pulling” each other, which is natural to expect in a chaotic system.
The discovery will help understand the connection between orbital changes and climate. But other potential consequences are a little more alarming: billions of years from now, there is a very small chance that Mars could crash into Earth.
A giant vortex of hot, glowing gas extends over 1 million light years through the very center of the Perseus cluster. Matter in the Perseus cluster region is formed from gas whose temperature is 10 million degrees, which makes it glow. A unique NASA photo allows you to view the galactic vortex in detail. It extends over a million light years through the very center of the Perseus cluster.
Space exploration in real life is just as vague as it is in the movies. This is an area where accurate data is not always available. Even the best scientists do not know about the size and scale of the Universe. However, every day there is more and more development of it.
What do researchers know about space that you may not already know?
Recording space sounds
NASA uses a technology called ultrasonic processing to receive signals from radio waves, magnetic fields, and also plasma waves. And converts these signals into audio tracks to “hear” what is happening in distant space.
Quite eerie sounds range from dark splashes to signals reminiscent of an approaching spaceship.
Blue sunsets of Mars
The fact of such a phenomenon became known in 2015, when the first color photo of this planet was obtained.
Scientists attribute the visual effect to the glow of small particles in the Martian atmosphere, which allow blue color waves to penetrate the atmosphere more efficiently than “longer wavelengths” such as red, yellow and orange.
Shipping into space is insanely expensive
By dividing the cost of launch by the weight of the load, the numbers can be staggering. So, one lemon sent into outer space will cost $2,000.
Not so long ago, every 450 grams of cargo cost $10,000. Now prices have increased sharply: to $43,180 for the Cygnus spacecraft and $27,000 for new SpaceX launch vehicles. Thus, to fly a bottle of water into space you will need to pay between $9,100 and $43,180.
Space debris
Outer space is filled with a lot of debris, such as parts of destroyed rockets or inoperative satellites. These objects still continue to orbit the Earth at 10 times the speed of the shot.
Space debris is monitored so that those responsible for its proliferation are held accountable. However, its number has already exceeded 23,000 objects. The top countries on this list are the USA, Russia and China. Each of the three countries is responsible for slightly less than 4,000 objects.
This garbage is dangerous due to a possible collision that can cause a huge garbage cloud due to a chain reaction. That's what the movie "Gravity" shows us.
Preserving footprints on the Moon
Lunar rocks are destroyed so slowly (by 10 mm per 1 million years) that traces of astronauts can remain on its surface for 10-100 million years.
This is how long the traces of the astronauts who flew to the Moon on Apollo 11 in 1969 can exist on our natural satellite.
Temperature of outer space
It's not always cold here. In the most remote corners, temperatures can drop to -270 °C. But if you approach the Earth, where the Sun surrounds everything with its rays, you can observe an increase in temperature up to 120 °C.
Astronauts' spacesuits are white to reflect heat.
A year is shorter than a day
Venus rotates quite slowly, in the opposite direction from Earth. Its complete rotation takes place in 243 of our days, which is its usual day.
But it is located close to the Sun, so it passes around it in just 225 days. Thus, it turns out that a year on Venus is slightly shorter than a day.
The ISS is the size of a football field
The International Space Station is the largest object sent into space by humans. Its length is 108 meters, and its weight is almost 420,000 kg.
During the research, 230 people from 18 different countries visited here.
Without a spacesuit
Contrary to the fact shown in the movie "Gravity", without a spacesuit you would last no more than 15 seconds in space.
All the oxygen in your blood is exactly enough. After this, the air in the lungs will expand due to the lack of pressure in the atmosphere, which will rupture the tissue. Also, in an unprotected body, the blood will boil and there will be a lack of bowel control.
Space criminals
There are certain laws according to which weapons of mass destruction cannot be put into orbit, and all research must be carried out only for peaceful purposes. Any country is responsible for an object launched into space and the damage it may cause.
Therefore, the UN monitors outer space and objects with people in it. Any illegal actions can make an astronaut a space criminal.
Space
You might think that there is nothing here except planets and stars. Although this is not far from the truth, outer space is still not entirely a vacuum.
It has a low particle density. These are clouds of cosmic plasma, stardust and cosmic rays.
Blackness of space
It would seem that such a huge number of stars should fill space with light, but it is black. In 1823, a German astronomer decided that the brightness of a static Universe, uniformly filled with stars, should be equal to the brightness of the solar disk. The phenomenon was called the "Olsberg paradox".
Later it turned out that there was no uniform filling of stars, because some of them did not exist long enough for their light to still reach the Earth now, and the Universe has the ability to expand. Hence the blackness of space, which cannot be evenly illuminated.
The undisputed leader
The Sun makes up 99.8% of the total mass of the Solar System. Everything else, including our Earth, is just a speck of dust in comparison.
It is not surprising that it has kept planets near it for billions of years.
Black holes
The Milky Way contains tens of thousands of black holes, according to a new study. These objects cannot be detected in a calm state.
However, when they interact with a star, scientists can find them using X-rays.
Septillion stars
This is approximately the number of stars in the Universe. By the way, this number contains 24 zeros after one. Over nine years of observations, scientists have identified 10,000 galaxies in the darkest depths of the Universe.
Our Milky Way galaxy alone contains about 100 billion stars. By multiplying this number by the number of galaxies, we got the estimated figure.
However, this is not the final number yet, because there remains a lot of unexplored space. According to scientists, this figure will increase in their calculations as technology becomes more advanced to discover new galaxies.
Man has been looking at the stars, probably since his appearance on the planet. People have been in space and are already planning to explore new planets, but even scientists still do not know what is happening in the depths of the universe. We have collected 15 facts about space that modern science cannot yet explain.
When the monkey first raised his head and looked at the stars, he became a man. So says the legend. However, despite all the centuries of scientific development, humanity still does not know what is going on in the depths of the universe. Here are 15 strange facts about space.
1. Dark energy
According to some scientists, dark energy is the force that moves galaxies and expands the Universe. This is just a hypothesis, and such matter has not been discovered, but scientists suggest that almost 3/4 (74%) of our Universe consists of it.
2. Dark matter
Most of the remaining quarter (22%) of the Universe consists of dark matter. Dark matter has mass, but it is invisible. Scientists realize its existence only due to the force it exerts on other objects in the Universe.
3. Missing baryons
Intergalactic gas accounts for 3.6%, and stars and planets only 0.4% of the entire universe. However, in reality, almost half of this remaining "visible" matter is missing. It was called baryonic matter and scientists are struggling with the mystery of where it could be located.
4. How stars explode
Scientists know that when stars eventually run out of fuel, they end their lives in a giant explosion. However, no one knows the exact mechanics of the process.
5. High-energy cosmic rays
For more than a decade, scientists have been observing something that should not exist according to the laws of physics, at least according to earthly ones. The solar system is literally flooded with a stream of cosmic radiation, the particle energy of which is hundreds of millions of times greater than that of any artificial particle obtained in the laboratory. Nobody knows where they come from.
6. Solar corona
The corona is the upper layers of the Sun's atmosphere. As you know, they are very hot - more than 6 million degrees Celsius. The only question is how the sun keeps this layer so heated.
7. Where did galaxies come from?
Although science has recently come up with a lot of explanations about the origin of stars and planets, galaxies still remain a mystery.
8. Other terrestrial planets
Already in the 21st century, scientists have discovered many planets that orbit other stars and may well be habitable. But for now the question remains whether there is life on at least one of them.
9. Multiple Universes
Robert Anton Wilson proposed the theory of multiple universes, each with its own physical laws.
10. Alien objects
There have been numerous recorded cases of astronauts claiming to have seen UFOs or other strange phenomena hinting at an extraterrestrial presence. Conspiracy theorists claim that governments are hiding many things they know about aliens.
11. Rotation axis of Uranus
All other planets have an almost vertical axis of rotation relative to the plane of their orbit around the Sun. However, Uranus practically “lies on its side” - its rotation axis is tilted relative to its orbit by 98 degrees. There are many theories as to why this happened, but scientists do not have a single conclusive proof.
12. Storm on Jupiter
For the last 400 years, a giant storm has been raging in the atmosphere of Jupiter, 3 times the size of the Earth. It is difficult for scientists to explain why this phenomenon lasts so long.
13. Temperature discrepancy between the solar poles
Why is the sun's south pole colder than its north pole? Nobody knows this.
14. Gamma-ray bursts
Incomprehensibly bright explosions in the depths of the Universe, during which colossal amounts of energy are released, have been observed over the past 40 years at different times and in random areas of space. In a few seconds, such a gamma-ray burst releases as much energy as the Sun would produce in 10 billion years. There is still no plausible explanation for their existence.
15. Saturn's icy rings
Scientists know that the rings of this huge planet are made of ice. But why and how they arose remains a mystery.
Although there are more than enough unsolved space mysteries, today space tourism has become a reality. There is, at a minimum, . The main thing is the desire and willingness to part with a tidy sum of money.
