A message on the topic of why a school uniform is needed. Why do you need a school uniform? Arguments for school uniforms

Many parents, despite the fact that school uniforms have long become an obligatory attribute of educational life, are wondering: is a school uniform mandatory? When preparing your child for school, do you need to buy a uniform or can you do without it?

Parents and teachers, graduate students have many arguments for and against. Many people believe that compulsory wearing of a school uniform infringes on the rights and responsibilities of the individual. Others are confident that a school uniform organizes the student, improves discipline in the classroom, and increases the level of attention in class.

Why was school uniform introduced?

To provide students with comfortable and aesthetic clothing in everyday school life.
Eliminating signs of social, property and religious differences between students.
Preventing students from experiencing psychological discomfort in front of their peers.
Strengthening the general image of the educational organization, the formation of school identity.

Is school uniform compulsory when attending an educational institution?

Since the Federal Law “On Education in the Russian Federation” No. 273-FZ of December 29, 2012 (hereinafter referred to as the Law) has given educational organizations the opportunity to establish requirements for schoolchildren’s clothing (color, type, size, style, insignia, etc. ), questions regarding the need for school uniforms have become even more numerous.

From a legal point of view, if an educational organization has introduced a school uniform, then it is a necessary condition for attending school. The student’s responsibility is to comply with the Charter of the educational organization and the requirements of local regulations, for example, wearing a school uniform (Article 43 of the Law). Each parent who enrolls their child in 1st grade must familiarize themselves with the Charter of the educational institution against signature. If the Charter contains a clause stating that a school uniform is mandatory, then all students, as participants in the educational process, are obliged to comply with the school’s requirements - to wear a uniform.

In a situation where a student came to school without a uniform, he violated the requirements of the Charter of the educational institution. This situation should not entail such a measure as suspension from school. This is due to the fact that every citizen is guaranteed the right to education. Violations of the Charter of an educational institution may lead to disciplinary action. Most often, in school practice, it is enough to have a conversation with the student or his parents so that the student’s appearance meets the requirements of school etiquette.

It is worth noting here that the school must adopt a local act, taking into account the opinion of the student council, the parent council and the representative body of school employees and students. The introduction of clothing requirements should be made by the decision of all participants in the educational process.

Who determines what uniform children should wear?

This issue falls within the competence of the educational organization, which establishes the types of clothing (sports, formal, casual). Students' clothing may have distinctive signs of the school or class in the form of emblems, ties, and badges. The school can recommend buying clothes of a certain style or color, but does not have the right to demand that you buy a uniform in a specific store, indicating a specific manufacturer.

Special requirements for students' uniforms are provided for educational organizations implementing educational programs in the field of:

defense and security of the state;
ensuring law and order;
customs affairs, etc.

In this case, the rules for wearing uniforms and insignia are established by the founder of the educational organization (Article 38 of the Law).

Can schoolchildren be provided with uniforms for free?

Providing uniforms and other clothing (uniforms) to students at the expense of budgetary allocations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is carried out in cases and in the manner established by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, studying at the expense of budgetary allocations of local budgets - local government bodies (Article 38 Law). This means that some categories of schoolchildren can be provided with uniforms at the expense of budgetary funds, if this is provided for by the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

The decision to introduce requirements for student clothing should take into account the material costs of low-income families (Letter of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated March 28, 2013 No. DG-65/08 “On establishing requirements for students’ clothing”). Thus, if a subject of the Russian Federation has established strict requirements for the form, then its responsibilities will include providing such a form to all low-income citizens.

The procedure for applying for a subsidy depends on the region of residence of the student’s family. Depending on the territory, you can apply for a subsidy either to the MFC, the district administration, or to the school.

Clothing must meet the hygienic requirements for clothing for children, adolescents and adults (SanPiN 2.4/71 1.1.1286-03).
Clothing must be appropriate for the weather, the location of the training sessions, and the temperature in the room.
It is not recommended to wear shoes, clothes with traumatic fittings, or antisocial symbols.
Appearance must comply with generally accepted standards of business style and be of a secular nature.

Of course, students who adhere to certain requirements for appearance comply with the rules of school life. The advantages of a school introducing the wearing of a school uniform are much greater than the disadvantages. Children need to feel that they belong to a certain group or team. This is successfully achieved through the introduction of school uniforms.

Educational hour on the topic: Why do we need a school uniform?

Goals:

fostering a conscious attitude towards appearance.

development of cognitive interests.

Tasks:

introduce students to the school’s regulations on school uniforms and students’ appearance;

introduce students to the history of school uniforms in Russia

present school uniforms from different countries;

develop the ability to dress beautifully and correctly, according to certain life situations;

develop a culture of behavior and a culture of appearance.

Visual aids and materials: various pictures on the topic.

Methods: story, conversation, debate, sociological survey.

Progress

Part 1. Why school uniforms are introduced at school.

Everything in a person should be perfect:
and face, and clothes, and soul, and thoughts.
A.P. Chekhov

Introductory speech by the teacher. Our school has had a uniform student uniform for several years now. This process is quite painful for us; a group of middle and high school students find it difficult to accept innovations and resist dressing in accordance with the accepted regulations on school uniforms and the appearance of our school.
Today we will try to find out why a school uniform is needed, whether it is good or bad, how students in other schools in our country, as well as abroad, dress, and we will get acquainted with the history of school uniforms in Russia.

First, we will conduct a survey, where I propose the following questions on the topic: “Your attitude towards school uniforms.”

Continue the sentence. "If I were a school principal, I would allow students to wear..."

Do you like the look of schoolchildren?

Is jewelry compatible with business attire?

Is a school uniform required?

They answered, put your pieces of paper aside, we will turn to them at the end of our teaching hour and see whether your opinion has changed or not on this topic.

Part 2. Why the decision was made to introduce school uniforms.

School uniform - mandatory casual dress for students while at school and at official school events.

Why are school uniforms introduced?

School uniform

School uniform is a certain indicator of the level of the school.

A school uniform helps a student feel the difference between the yard where he walks and a serious educational institution.

The form disciplines, makes you more organized.

Clothing determines the type of behavior and creates the aesthetics of the workplace.

A school uniform allows you to avoid competition between children in clothing.

She saves time spent in front of the closet, in exhausting doubts: “What should I wear to school today?”

Part 3. History of school uniforms in Russia.

School uniforms in the Russian Empire.

Many people ask the question: “Who came up with this form anyway?” Really, who? Peter I. Peter the Great was a very versatile person, and there was probably no area in which he did not carry out reforms.

1834 - a law was passed approving the general system of all civilian uniforms in the empire. This system included gymnasium and student uniforms.

1896 – regulations on gymnasium uniforms for girls were approved.

1949 - it was decided to return to the former image: boys were dressed in military tunics with a stand-up collar, girls - in brown woolen dresses with a black apron, which almost completely copied the uniform of the Russian pre-revolutionary girls' gymnasium.

1973 – a new uniform for boys was introduced. Blue suit made of wool blend, decorated with an emblem and aluminum buttons. The cut of the jackets was reminiscent of classic denim jackets (the so-called denim fashion was gaining momentum in the world) with shoulder straps and chest pockets with brace-shaped flaps. For high school boys, the jacket was replaced with a jacket.

1988 - some schools were allowed to experiment with the idea of waiving the compulsory wearing of school uniforms.

School uniforms in different countries.

In Japan, school uniforms have unexpectedly become the standard of teenage fashion. Now girls outside the school walls wear something that resembles the usual uniform of Japanese schoolgirls: “sailor fuku”, in our opinion - sailor suits, dark blue pleated miniskirts, knee-high knee-high socks and light leather shoes that harmonize with them. Boys wear “gakuran”: trousers and a dark jacket with a stand-up collar.

In America, school uniforms are worn by students of prestigious private schools for children of wealthy parents.

In Africa, schoolgirls are banned from wearing miniskirts.

Modern students in conservative England still love school uniforms, which are part of the history of their school. For example, in one of the old English schools for boys, students from the 17th century to this day wear uniform ties and vests and, by the way, are proud that their clothes emphasize their corporate affiliation.

The largest European country in which there is a school uniform is Great Britain. In many of its former colonies the uniform was not abolished after independence, for example in India, Ireland, Australia, Singapore and South Africa.

This is interesting. In Japan, they released jackets for students, equipped with a built-in GPS satellite navigation system. It allows parents to track the location of their children through their personal computers. The system has an important addition: if the child is threatened by someone or something, he can send an alarm to the security service by simply pressing a button.

In the USA and Canada, many private schools have school uniforms. Its main purpose is to serve as a symbol and identification mark that distinguishes students of one educational institution from another. There is no uniform in public schools, although some schools have a dress code. Too open tops and low-fitting trousers are prohibited.

In Cuba, uniforms are mandatory for all students in schools and higher education institutions.

Modern Russia.

In modern Russia there is no single school uniform, as there was in the USSR, but many lyceums and gymnasiums, especially the most prestigious ones, as well as some schools, have their own uniform, emphasizing the students’ belonging to a particular educational institution. In addition, in educational institutions that do not have a school uniform, there are rules for wearing clothes.

School and fashionable.

School uniform – this is not bad at all: as a sign of belonging to a certain community of people.

Form - an identification mark, a part of symbolism that distinguishes people of one profession, beliefs, from others. Most of the world's population who are of school age have worn, are wearing and will continue to wear a student uniform.

"Dress code" – a relatively new word, but it has already become fashionable, at least for those who work in an office. Literally means “clothing code,” that is, a system of identification marks, color combinations and shapes that indicate a person’s affiliation with a certain corporation. An employer can set its own rules: for example, women cannot come to work in trousers, or only in business suits, or skirts should be knee-length - neither shorter nor longer, loose uniform on Fridays, etc., etc. Many adult Russians have already joined the corporate spirit, but their children still go to school “in whatever they like” .

There is an opinion that school uniforms suppress the individuality of the student. However, a student’s self-affirmation at school should mainly occur through his creative and intellectual success.

Part 9. Summing up

School uniform. (pros)

A strict dress style creates a business atmosphere in the school necessary for classes.

Form disciplines a person.

A student in a school uniform thinks about studying, not about clothes.

There is no problem “What to wear to school.”

A school uniform helps a child feel like a student and a member of a certain team, and makes it possible to feel involved in this particular school.

If the child likes the clothes, he will feel proud of his appearance.

School uniforms save parents money.

School uniform. (minuses)

Children's reluctance to wear it.

"Loss of individuality."

Increased financial costs for a child's education.

The expenditure of time and effort of parents in connection with the acquisition of uniforms.

Now let’s return to our questions at the beginning of the teaching hour and tell me your opinion has changed towards school uniforms and you realized that everyone wears a school uniform and this is prestigious, relevant, necessary in our interesting modern world in the 21st century.

Conclusions: Drawing conclusions from the above, we note that a modern school uniform is a set of clothes and accessories that can be freely combined while remaining a school uniform. A school uniform accustoms people to a certain order and discipline, smoothes out social inequality, and makes it possible to realize that they belong to a certain group. It should be stylish, beautiful, and not destroy individuality. If a person is a person, then it is impossible to destroy his individuality. Pushkin, being a lyceum student, also wore a uniform.

Russian light industry enterprises have proposed introducing a uniform uniform for primary school students throughout the country. Representatives of the industry consider it necessary to make school uniforms a separate segment of clothing and consolidate the standards of its production at the legislative level.

"Letidor" recalls when and where school uniforms first appeared, and examines major milestones in world history.

Since ancient times, school uniforms have been a distinctive sign of high society, because not everyone could give their children an education. This is not just an attribute of the educational system, but also an ancient tradition that has changed along with the development of society.

When did school uniforms appear?

It is almost impossible to determine the “birthday” of the form, since the first schools appeared long before our era. Already by the 3rd millennium BC, many cities of Mesopotamia had schools at temples. The schoolchildren did not have a special uniform; they had to dress like future clerks: in a short chiton (like a shirt), leather armor with elegant chlamys trim (thick fabric). In the East, this uniform was worn for thousands of years by young men studying science (girls, as is known, did not take part in the learning process for a long time). But even then special insignia appeared. For example, in ancient Greece, Aristotle's students tied their ties with a special oriental knot and wore white togas thrown over their left shoulders.

Ancient Indians studied in so-called “family schools”. The students lived in the house of their teacher-father and obeyed him in everything. They were supposed to wear a dhoti kurta to academic classes - that’s what they called a two-piece suit. The legs and thighs were wrapped in a strip of fabric, and a shirt was put on top, which differed in color, tailoring and ornament among different castes. With the development of Buddhism in the 1st-6th centuries, the dhoti kurta was replaced by a kurta and pajami - a long shirt and wide pants. Yes, the word “pajama” came to us from Hindi and literally means “clothing for the legs.”

What happened to form in the Middle Ages

In medieval Europe, with the decline of ancient culture, “dark” times for education began. Institutes and schools were practically destroyed. Only church schools at monasteries escaped this fate. The uniform in those days was ordinary monastic clothing. After difficult times, school uniforms were introduced for the first time in England.

Since 1552, Christ’s Hospital appeared - schools for orphans and children from poor families. A special suit was sewn for the students, consisting of a dark blue jacket with ankle-length tails, a vest, a leather belt and trousers just below the knee. This uniform still exists today, only now it is worn not by orphans, but by the future elite of Great Britain. The form was approved at the state level. At the same time, children from different elite schools came up with special symbols by which students understood each other’s place. How many buttons are fastened on a blazer, how the shoelaces are tied, at what angle a hat is worn, how a child holds a school bag (by one handle or two) - all these were social markers, invisible to the uninitiated.

What's wrong with school uniforms in Russia?

In Russia, the uniform appeared in 1834 with the adoption of a law that approved a separate type of civilian uniforms - student and gymnasium uniforms. The uniform was of a military style: caps, tunics and overcoats, which differed in color, piping, buttons and emblems. Needless to say, the boys proudly wore such clothes not only at school, but also in everyday life.

The girls wore very strict and modest attire - brown dresses and aprons. Each establishment had one color scheme, and the style changed depending on fashion. After the revolution, school uniforms were abolished as an element of the bourgeoisie. The time of “formlessness” lasted until 1949. Then the tunics gave way to suits with four buttons, a cap and a belt with a badge. At the same time, the student’s hairstyle certainly had to be “mixed”, like in the army.

In 1992, under the influence of democratic ideas, school uniforms were officially abolished by the Decree on the Rights of the Child. It was argued that every child has the right to express his individuality as he sees fit. In 2012, a law was passed again, returning school uniforms to legal status.

School uniforms in Russia have existed for 180 years, and throughout this period they have been the subject of controversy and discussion. What is more important for a child: discipline or personality development? Does it help the learning process or does it depress you with its monotony? Although conflicts on this issue are unlikely to ever subside, let’s try to weigh all the advantages and disadvantages of school uniforms.

Relevance of school uniforms

A student must come to class neat and decently dressed; all parents understand and follow this. So if just looking presentable is enough, what is a school uniform for?

Throughout its history, the form has been approved, then changed, completely canceled and reintroduced. Now it is again gaining relevance, although not as mandatory as it once was in the Soviet Union. Russian educational institutions are more inclined to the foreign version of dress-code type uniforms. That is, children do not have to dress in cloth tunics and dull brown dresses, they must have a business and practical style in accordance with the requirements of each specific school.

In different schools, the uniform has its own design and color scheme, some even create special attributes specific to this particular educational institution: ties, stripes, emblems. Children are not limited in their choice of casual clothing: boys can wear trousers, jackets, vests with shirts or turtlenecks. For girls, the choice is wider: sundresses with blouses or turtlenecks, jackets with shirts and skirts, cardigans with trousers and many more variations that you can choose.

Variations of modern school uniforms are very democratic and allow the child to look stylish, demonstrate his taste and at the same time correspond to the “adult” title of the student:

Why do you need a school uniform?

Why do you think school uniforms are important? What are the positive benefits of a school uniform for a child?

Equalization in the good sense of the word. When girls don't show off rhinestones on their jeans, and boys don't show off sweatshirts with their idols. Also, identical clothing makes it impossible to demonstrate the child’s financial situation, making everyone equal before the teacher and each other during the educational process.
The school uniform really disciplines, like any other workwear. By putting it on, the child is already in a more serious mood.
Aesthetic component. Not every person has decent taste, which is why some children look unkempt or even ugly.

At the same time, some wear acid sneakers, others wear a T-shirt with cartoon characters, and growing up girls try to attract attention with transparent blouses. This whole motley mass looks more like a booth than an educational institution. School uniforms psychologically unite a motley crowd into something unified, developing a “corporate” culture.

And here’s what, according to the survey results, parents consider to be the disadvantages of school uniforms:

The same leveling. If the school strictly regulates the appearance, parents cannot always choose what suits their child. This applies to the style, material, and features of the figure of each individual child. In some schools, girls are not allowed to wear trousers, so in winter they get cold and get sick in skirts.
Psychological factor. Nowadays it is fashionable to consider a child as an individual from the cradle and allow him to develop comprehensively. School uniforms deprive students of the opportunity to express themselves, which is especially painful for high school students.

My opinion about school uniform

Now I will speak about the need for school uniforms. My opinion is this: school uniforms are mandatory in all educational institutions. The educational process takes only 8 hours a day, after which no one stops the child from expressing himself on the football field, visiting friends or taking a walk in the yard. The school uniform did not prevent Mendeleev, Mayakovsky or Gagarin from becoming Personalities who entered the annals of history. But this is indeed a very powerful psychological lever, allowing the child to become more responsible and collected, which is so important for learning.

Today, a uniform school uniform, mandatory for all schoolchildren, has not been introduced in the country. But individual schools, according to their internal charter, can make it compulsory for their students if both the administration and the majority of parents agree. In this regard, the debate about the pros and cons of regulated school clothing continues, so we tried to understand the arguments of both sides.

Pledge of Equality

PRO: Teachers say that many children, especially in elementary and middle school, still like to tease each other about clothes. If a child is dressed ugly by the standards of his classmates, his clothes were bought in a “nameless” store or at a clothing market, then he will most likely become an outcast, or at least an object of cruel jokes. A school uniform allows children not to compete and not to judge each other at least “by their clothes.” Thus, both schoolchildren from poor and wealthy families have the opportunity to dress absolutely the same, regardless of their social status and financial situation.

CONS: Others believe that it will not be possible to equalize the poor and the rich with form alone. Today's children pay a lot of attention to clothes, but they pay even more attention to various gadgets and other fashionable things. Wouldn't a child in uniform with a brand new iPhone feel the difference between a child in uniform and a Chinese smartphone from seven years ago? Cheap and expensive pencil cases, notebooks and bags also only intensify the rivalry. And if the uniform is sewn not by the school, but by each parent according to the sample presented, then wealthy families will be able to order better quality clothes from good materials, and this will also be noticeable.

Saving money

PROS: According to supporters, school uniforms can be a help for poor families. After all, it gives them the opportunity to avoid buying a large amount of clothing, limiting themselves to only purchasing a few sets of uniforms. Parents don't have to think about how to dress their child, and the child won't spend hours hanging around the closet with a mirror, choosing what to wear today.

CONS: Firstly, one set of school uniform can cost more than a pair of regular jeans and shirts. And you need at least four such sets: two for the warm and cold seasons, and two replacement ones for them in case of force majeure, unscheduled washing or damage. Secondly, ordinary clothes can be combined endlessly, and if you alternate a couple of sets of uniforms, they will quickly wear out and you will have to buy them again. The worse the materials (and in poorly funded public schools this is usually the case), the faster the clothes deteriorate. And if you consider that children are constantly growing... Obviously, a good school uniform can cost parents a pretty penny.

Improving academic performance and discipline

PROS: 20 years ago in the USA, where many public schools are now returning to school uniforms, a special scientific study was conducted studying the correlation between uniforms and school performance. It showed that students from educational institutions where school uniforms have been introduced demonstrate better academic results than students from schools with a free clothing style. This is due to the fact that the school uniform has an educational function: it disciplines the child and clearly makes him understand the difference between behavior at school and behavior at home or in the yard.

CONS: But there are also those who want to argue with this advantage of the school uniform. Comparison of performance ratings of schools where school uniforms have been introduced and where school uniforms have not been introduced is not representative, because good student grades depend on many different factors: the professionalism of teachers, the microclimate in the school and class, the family environment and upbringing of each student, etc. Therefore, it is impossible to say unequivocally that it is the presence of uniform that influences the difference in academic performance.

Aesthetics and cohesion

PROS: School uniforms for girls and boys are a great way to distinguish children in society: this is how they look neat, beautiful and aesthetically pleasing, and not like a motley mass. From an early age, they accustom themselves to the corporate culture and dress code that awaits them in the future when working in large companies. In addition, children who wear the same clothes as their classmates feel more united and like each other more.

CONS: Children in the same uniform look beautiful and neat only in the opinion of those who support this uniform, which means this argument is subjective and unconvincing. Quite the contrary, most children strive to show their exclusivity among their peers, their difference from others, especially teenagers, and the school uniform simply depersonalizes and unifies them. Even schoolchildren with uniforms are trying hard to stand out from the crowd by shortening their skirts, rolling up their sleeves, changing their hairstyles and the colors of their socks. And you need to understand that every boy and every girl has his own body type, the school uniform will fit perfectly on some, but it will completely ruin someone - it’s unfair.

More arguments for school uniforms:

When a child wears a beautiful, strict uniform with an emblem patch, this not only makes him a worthy student in the eyes of others, but also puts the school itself in a good light: the educational institution seems more reputable and organized.
Some parents dress their children simply disgustingly, tastelessly, and children's school uniforms can hide this from prying eyes.

But there are even more arguments against:

What is the truth? Obviously, in the “golden mean”. An absolutely identical school uniform of the same type can hit parents’ pockets and limit the freedom of children, so it is better to compromise, as many schools do - to establish a moderately strict dress code. For example, prohibit wearing open blouses and tops, miniskirts, ripped jeans, sleeveless vests, high heels and flip-flops to school, but do not limit children to comfortable jeans, T-shirts and hoodies, especially in cold weather; introduce a ban on bright makeup, but not ban cosmetics completely. Then the students will look decent, and the parents will not spend more money than usual, and the children themselves will be able to continue to express themselves in clothes, just in a more strict form.

Interesting facts about school uniforms in other countries of the world

Perhaps the most famous school uniform in the world is the Japanese one. There are several varieties, but the most popular is the school uniform for girls, which is called “seifuku”: this is a shirt with a sailor collar, a pleated skirt above or below the knee, long knee socks and low-top leather shoes. The Japanese school uniform for boys is called "gakuran": straight-cut trousers and a dark-colored jacket with a stand-up collar. Clothes stylized as uniforms are worn not only by schoolchildren and schoolgirls, but also by other young Japanese, and fans of Japanese culture around the world also happily order “sailor suits” on the Internet.

School uniforms are an obligatory element of ancient and prestigious schools in the UK, as they emphasize belonging to a specific educational institution with its own history and list of merits. Children and teenagers in such schools are proud to be their students, so they always wear jackets and blazers with a distinctive emblem with pleasure.

An indicator of belonging to an educational institution, first of all, is the uniform in American and Canadian private schools. In public schools, uniforms can be found very rarely, although its introduction is actively discussed by parents and teachers in many states, but sometimes there is a dress code - moderately formal clothing in soothing colors and without revealing elements.

In Germany, the classic school uniform is also a rare occurrence, but some institutions, with the consent of parents and students, introduce uniform clothing for attending school, and the students themselves participate in its creation.

Junior schoolchildren in South Korea do not wear uniforms, but starting from high school, regulated clothing becomes mandatory for all students.

But in Cuba, uniforms are a mandatory element of absolutely all schools and even universities.

An interesting video with school uniforms adopted in different countries of the world awaits you below: