Essay on the topic: Sympathy. Essay on the problem of mercy, reasoning with examples from Unified State Examination literature Self-sacrifice out of mercy

Composition

“Compassion is the ability to see one’s own in the misfortunes of others,” F. La Rochefoucauld once noted. The author of this text adheres to a similar opinion. The main problem posed by S. Lvov in this passage is the problem of compassion, the problem of helping one’s neighbor.

This problem has been and remains “eternal” throughout the history of humankind. That is why the author wants to attract the attention of readers to it, awakening not only their minds, but also their hearts.

S. Lvov is sincerely concerned about people’s indifference to the troubles of their neighbor, insensitivity, and bitterness. According to the writer, compassion is not only a duty, but also a benefit. People endowed with the talent of kindness have a difficult and hectic life. But their conscience is clear, their children grow up to be good people, and finally, they can find within themselves the necessary strength to survive their own misfortune. People who are indifferent and selfish turn out to be unable to survive the trials that befall them. “Selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. Blind fear. Loneliness. Belated repentance,” notes the writer. The feeling of compassion is, according to S. Lvov, a necessary component of the human soul. Indifference and insensitivity cannot be justified by any “sober” arguments; all of them sound immoral in the mouths of cold, pragmatic people. Therefore, at the end of his text, the writer notes: “One of the most important human feelings is sympathy. And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. Assistance. To those who need it, who feel bad... There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul. If you tune it to the wave of high humanity.”

This journalistic text is very emotional and expressive. The author uses a variety of tropes and rhetorical figures: epithets (“talkative old people”, “playful children”), phraseology (“their hopes will be deceived”), a proverb (“whatever comes around, so it will respond”), a rhetorical question (“How to help those , who suffers from indifference, and the indifferent themselves?”).

I completely share the position of S. Lvov. Compassion is a necessary component of our attitude towards life and people. Without her, our life is empty and meaningless. The problem of the lack of kindness and empathy is posed in the story by A.P. Chekhov's "Tosca". Cab driver Jonah, who survived the death of his son, has no one to go to with his grief. As a result, he tells everything to the horse. People remain indifferent to him.

F.M. also calls us to compassion. Dostoevsky in his story “The Boy at Christ’s Christmas Tree.” In this story we are presented with the sad story of a little boy who came with his mother to St. Petersburg from a small town. His mother died suddenly, and the child was left alone on the eve of Christmas. He wandered alone around the city, hungry, poorly dressed, but everyone remained indifferent to his fate. City residents had fun at Christmas trees. As a result, the child died, freezing to death in one of the gateways. If there is no love and compassion in the world, then children inevitably suffer. But children are our future, they are the best that exists in us and the world.

Thus, the author resolves this problem from the point of view of absolute moral values. Compassion and empathy are as necessary for a person as water or air. Therefore, you need to cultivate the talent of kindness in yourself.

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Compassion is an active helper.

But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. How to help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves?

From childhood, educate yourself - first of all, yourself - in such a way as to respond to someone else's misfortune and rush to the aid of someone in trouble. And neither in life, nor in pedagogy, nor in art should we consider sympathy as a demagnetizing sensitivity, a sentimentality alien to us.

Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed its lack, people who have cultivated the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. And more restless. But their conscience is clear. As a rule, they have good children. They are usually respected by others. But even if this rule is broken and those around them do not understand and the children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position.

It seems to the insensitive that they are having a good time. They are endowed with armor that protects them from unnecessary worries and unnecessary worries. But it only seems to them that they are not endowed, but deprived. Sooner or later - as it comes around, it will respond!

I say this and remember how many times I heard not words of support, but objections. Often irritated. Sometimes embittered. The typical train of thought of those objecting is as follows: “So you say, more often - now you are trying to prove: the weak, old, sick, disabled, children, parents must be loved and respected, they must be helped. Why are you blind, can’t you see how many disabled people are alcoholics? Don't you know how boring many old people are? How annoying are many patients? How bad are many children?” That's right, there are disabled people who drink, and boring old people, and annoying sick people, and bad children, and even bad parents. And of course, it would be much better for everyone if the disabled (and not only the disabled) did not drink, the sick did not suffer or suffered in silence, talkative old people and excessively playful children were silent... And yet parents and children must be loved and respected, the small, the weak, the sick, the old, the helpless must be helped. There were no excuses for this, no. And it cannot be. No one can cancel these immutable truths.

One of the most important human feelings is empathy. And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. Assistance. Anyone who needs it, who feels bad, although he is silent, must come to his aid without waiting for a call. There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul. If you tune it to the wave of high humanity.

Here are collected the most pressing problems related to compassion, which are addressed in texts from the Unified State Examination in the Russian language. You will find arguments relevant to these issues under the headings located in the table of contents. You can also download a table with all these examples.

The work clearly demonstrates an example of mercy towards animals Yuri Yakovlev “He killed my dog”. The boy Sasha (nicknamed Tabor), in a conversation with the school principal, talks about a dog abandoned by its previous owners, which he picked up. In the dialogue, it turns out that Sasha was the only one who cared about the life of a stray animal. However, no one treated the dog harsher than the boy's father. He – that’s what Sasha calls his father – killed the dog while he was not at home. For a compassionate child, this cruel and unfair act became a psychological blow, the wound from which will never heal. However, we can think about how great the power of his sympathy is, if even such relationships in the family did not eradicate in him the ability to lend a helping hand.
Gerasim, the hero, showed true mercy to the animal. He saved a small dog stuck in the river mud. With great trepidation, the hero nurses the small defenseless creature, and thanks to Gerasim Mumu, he turns into a “good dog.” The deaf-mute janitor fell in love with the animal he had saved, and Mumu responded in kind: she ran after him everywhere, caressed him and woke him up in the morning. Mumu's death left an indelible mark on the hero's soul. He experienced this event so painfully that he could never love anyone again.

Active and Passive Compassion

The authors of many works included in world and domestic classics endow their heroes with values that correspond to the ability to compassion. Leo Tolstoy in the novel "War and Peace" endows his beloved heroine, Natasha Rostova, not only with compassion, but also with kindness and a desire to help those in need. In this regard, the scene in which Natasha asks her father to sacrifice their family’s property in order to take the wounded out of besieged Moscow on carts is indicative. While the city governor was throwing pathetic speeches, the young noblewoman helped her fellow citizens not in word, but in deed. (Here's another )
Sonya Marmeladova in the novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" It is out of a sense of compassion that he sacrifices his own honor and suffers for the poor children of Katerina Ivanovna. The young girl is endowed with the gift of empathy for the pain and need of others. She helps not only her family, her drunken father, but also the main character of the work, Rodion Raskolnikov, showing him the path to repentance and redemption. Thus, the heroes of Russian literature, endowed with the capacity for sympathy and mercy, at the same time demonstrate a willingness to sacrifice themselves.

Lack of compassion and its consequences

Essay by Daniil Granin “On Mercy” reveals this problem. The hero talks about how he fell near his home in the city center, and not a single person helped him. The author, relying only on himself, gets up and goes to the nearest entrance, and then home. The story that happened to the narrator prompts him to think about the reasons for the insensitivity of passersby, because not even a single person asked him what happened to him. Daniil Granin talks not only about his own case, but also about doctors, about stray dogs, about the poor. The author says that the feeling of compassion was strong in the war and post-war years, when the spirit of unity of the people was especially strong, but gradually disappeared.
In one from letters from D.S. Likhacheva For young readers, the author talks about compassion as a care that grows with us from childhood and is a force that unites people. Dmitry Sergeevich believes that a person’s concern, directed only at himself, makes him an egoist. The philologist also claims that compassion is inherent in moral people who are aware of their unity with humanity and the world. The author says that humanity cannot be corrected, but it is possible to change oneself. Therefore D.S. Likhachev stands on the side of active good. (Here are some more suitable ones.

Self-sacrifice out of mercy

In the story “Matryonin’s Dvor” by the Russian writer A.I. Solzhenitsyn The image of Matryona embodies the concept of sacrifice and altruism. All her life Matryona lived for others: she helped neighbors, worked on a collective farm, and did hard work. The episode with the upper room reveals the highest degree of her readiness to sacrifice her own for the good of others. The heroine loved her home very much; the narrator said that for Matryona, giving up the house meant “the end of her life.” But for the sake of her pupil, Matryona sacrifices him and dies, helping to drag the logs. The meaning of her fate, according to the narrator, is very important: the whole village rests on people like her. And, undoubtedly, the self-sacrifice of the righteous woman is evidence of the feeling of compassion for people inherent in a woman to its highest degree.
Avdotya Romanovna Raskolnik, heroine novel by F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment", is one of the sacrificial heroes in this work. Dunya is ready to make any sacrifice for the sake of her loved ones. To save her older brother and mother from poverty, the girl first goes to work as a governess in Svidrigailov’s house, where she suffers insults and shame. Then he decides to “sell himself” - to marry Mr. Luzhin. However, Raskolnikov convinces his sister not to do this, because he is not ready to accept such a sacrifice.

The consequences of compassion and indifference

The ability to sympathize and active, active kindness makes a person happy. Gerasim from stories by I.S. Turgenev "Mumu" By saving a little dog, he not only does good, but also finds a true friend. The dog, in turn, also becomes attached to the janitor. Undoubtedly, the ending of this story is tragic. But the very situation of saving an animal, prompted by Gerasim’s sensitive heart, clearly shows how a person can become happy by once showing mercy and giving his love to another.
In the story by D. V. Grigorovich “The Gutta-percha Boy” Of the entire circus troupe, only the clown Edwards sympathized with the little boy Petya. He taught the boy acrobatic tricks and gave him a dog. Petya was drawn to him, but the clown could not save him from his hard life under the leadership of the cruel acrobat Becker. Both Petya and Edwards are two deeply unhappy people. There is no talk in the work about helping the boy. Edward could not provide a happy life for his child because he suffered from alcohol addiction. And yet, his soul is not devoid of sensitivity. At the end, when Petya dies, the clown becomes even more desperate and cannot control his addiction.

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Compassion is an active helper. But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. How to help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves? From childhood, educate yourself - first of all, yourself - in such a way as to respond to someone else's misfortune and rush to the aid of someone in trouble. Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed a lack of it in themselves, people who have cultivated in themselves the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. And more restless. But their conscience is clear. As a rule, they have good children. They are usually respected by others. But even if this rule is broken and those around them do not understand, and their children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position. I recently had the good fortune to meet an old, wise doctor. He often appears in his department on weekends and holidays, not out of emergency, but out of spiritual need. He talks to patients not only about their illness, but also about complex life topics. He knows how to instill hope and cheerfulness in them. Many years of observations showed him that a person who never sympathized with anyone, did not empathize with anyone’s suffering, when faced with his own misfortune, turns out to be unprepared for it. He faces this test pitiful and helpless. Selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. Blind fear. Loneliness. Belated repentance. I One of the most important human feelings is empathy. And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. Assistance. To someone who needs it, who feels bad, although he is silent, you need to come to help without waiting for a call. There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul, if it is tuned to the wave of high humanity. (According to S. Lvov)

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Compassion is an active helper. But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. How to help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves? Compassion is an active helper. But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. How to help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves? Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed a lack of it in themselves, people who have cultivated in themselves the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. And more restless. But their conscience is clear. As a rule, they have good children. They are usually respected by others. But even if this rule is broken and those around them do not understand, and their children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position. Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed a lack of it in themselves, people who have cultivated in themselves the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. And more restless. But their conscience is clear. As a rule, they have good children. They are usually respected by others. But even if this rule is broken and those around them do not understand, and their children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position.

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I recently had the good fortune to meet an old, wise doctor. He often appears in his department on weekends and holidays, not out of emergency, but out of spiritual need. He talks to patients not only about their illness, but also about complex life topics. He knows how to instill hope and cheerfulness in them. Many years of observations showed him that a person who never sympathized with anyone, did not empathize with anyone’s suffering, when faced with his own misfortune, turns out to be unprepared for it. He faces this test pitiful and helpless. Selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. Blind fear. Loneliness. Belated repentance. I Recently I had the good fortune to meet an old, wise doctor. He often appears in his department on weekends and holidays, not out of emergency, but out of spiritual need. He talks to patients not only about their illness, but also about complex life topics. He knows how to instill hope and cheerfulness in them. Many years of observations showed him that a person who never sympathized with anyone, did not empathize with anyone’s suffering, when faced with his own misfortune, turns out to be unprepared for it. He faces this test pitiful and helpless. Selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. Blind fear. Loneliness. Belated repentance.

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One of the most important human feelings is empathy. And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. Assistance. To someone who needs it, who feels bad, although he is silent, you need to come to help without waiting for a call. There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul, if it is tuned to the wave of high humanity. One of the most important human feelings is empathy. And let it not remain just sympathy, but become action. Assistance. To someone who needs it, who feels bad, although he is silent, you need to come to help without waiting for a call. There is no radio receiver stronger and more sensitive than the human soul, if it is tuned to the wave of high humanity. (According to S. Lvov)

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A man was born. But who knows what will come of it? The concept of man in general is so limitless that it is impossible to answer such a question. A child can become a great artist, a great thinker, a great activist, an Aristotle, Columbus or Shakespeare - in a word, one of those people who are called benefactors of humanity. Of course, not only a simple, ordinary person can emerge, but even a completely insignificant person. On what reasons does all this depend? This question is usually answered without hesitation: from upbringing, from the circumstances of private life - in a word, from all kinds of influences, but not from the person himself. But those who see nothing further than such a look are cruelly mistaken. The greatness and dignity of a person most often does not stem from circumstances. This is confirmed by daily experience. Often, despite all the efforts of the parents, instructions, punishments, rewards do not produce the desired effect: books do not give thoughts, pictures of nature do not give sensations, and, in general, all possible actions on the pet do not give rise to his initiative, and often even interfere with its development. It is absolutely clear that every person can develop only when he develops himself. Upbringing and education do not produce development, but only give it opportunity; they open paths, but do not lead along them. A person can move forward in his development only on his own feet; he cannot ride in a carriage. No one can educate a person if she does not educate herself. Our homeland provides us with many examples of original development. Even until recently, most of our wonderful people were self-taught, people who received only a weak instruction, a weak push from the environment and created their own activities. Remember Lomonosov, running after a convoy of fish to Moscow. Here is a sample of many of our leaders.

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Compassion is an active helper.

But what about those who don’t see, don’t hear, don’t feel when someone else is in pain and bad? An outsider, as they consider everyone except themselves, and perhaps their family, to which, however, they are also often indifferent. How can we help both those who suffer from indifference and the indifferent themselves?

From childhood, educate yourself – first of all, yourself – in such a way as to respond to someone else’s misfortune and rush to the aid of someone in trouble. And neither in life, nor in pedagogy, nor in art should we consider sympathy as a demagnetizing sensitivity, a sentimentality alien to us.

Sympathy is a great human ability and need, a benefit and a duty. People who are endowed with such an ability or who have alarmingly sensed a lack of it in themselves, people who have cultivated the talent of kindness, those who know how to transform sympathy into assistance, have a more difficult life than those who are insensitive. And more restless. But their conscience is clear. As a rule, they have good children. They are usually respected by others. But even if this rule is broken and those around them do not understand, and their children deceive their hopes, they will not deviate from their moral position.

...they seem to be having a good time. They are not endowed with armor that protects them from unnecessary worries and unnecessary worries. But it only seems to them that they are not endowed, but deprived. Sooner or later - as it comes around, it will respond!

(According to S. Lvov)

Essay No. 1

Indicators of the civilization of any state are the most important manifestations of morality: empathy, compassion, assistance. Unfortunately, modern society is deprived of these feelings. We are too busy with our daily affairs to see the grief of others. And there are so many people in need: terminally ill, lonely, half-starved! One involuntarily recalls the words of Bruno Jasinsky: “Fear the indifferent! They do not kill or betray, but only with their tacit consent there are betrayals and murders on Earth!” The publicist S. Lvov noticed this and decided to make the reader seriously think about the problem - how to help the indifferent and those who suffer from their indifference?

The author believes that compassion is an active assistant and it is necessary to cultivate the talent of kindness and empathy in a person from childhood. His opinion is undeniable that, first of all, one should educate oneself to respond to someone else’s misfortune and rush to help.

Yes, cultivating compassion, empathy, and sensitivity is an urgent need. But how to do this? I think we need to educate with the help of literature. A living feeling of compassion and mercy permeates the works of Gogol and Turgenev, Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. A direct call for sympathy is heard in the story “Mumu”. Samson Vyrin, the hero of A.S. Pushkin’s story “The Station Warden,” evokes deep compassion among readers. Undoubtedly, literature cultivates moral qualities. But this is not enough. An original method for developing empathy is offered by a medical scientist. Employees of his laboratory work in the clinic to see how patients suffer. This forces young researchers to work with triple energy, since a specific human life depends on their efforts. And in ancient Babylon, the sick person was carried out into the square. Every passerby could give him advice on how to heal, or simply sympathize with him. This fact shows that already in ancient times people understood that there is no other person’s misfortune, there is no other person’s suffering.

Remember that “compassion is the highest form of the human condition.”

Love those around you, take care of them, actively help them! (F. Dostoevsky)

Essay No. 2

It is known that a sighted person cannot understand the condition of a blind person, a healthy person cannot understand the condition of a sick person, a rich person cannot understand the state of a person working in the public sector who can barely make ends meet, and a free person cannot understand the condition of a prisoner. Why? What is the essence of truly understanding the actions of another person? This is a complex question raised in this text.

The author’s opinion is undeniable that true understanding is impossible without “feeling”, without the desire to stand in the place of another and look at what is happening through his eyes. And from the position of Varvara Petrovna, he convinces us that the cruelty and power of the serf woman is a terrible consequence of serfdom.

After reading the text, I realized: when evaluating the actions of others, we often do not delve into the essence of their problem, we reason from our own bell tower. Hence the cold relationships, and sometimes hostile ones. In order to avoid wrong conclusions and conflict situations arising from them, we listen to the opinion of the great critic D. Pisarev: “To understand a person, you must be able to put yourself in his position.” He is echoed by V. Posner, the famous journalist, TV presenter, polyglot. He strongly advises: “When communicating with people, try to get off your own bell tower and climb someone else’s bell tower.”

In this regard, I would like to remind you that the state of students taking the Unified State Exam can only be understood by that teacher, that inspector who sits next to you and, by the sweat of his brow, writes an essay - an argument. To some, this example may seem banal and inappropriate, but I am deeply convinced that in order to appreciate our work, you need to be “in our skin.” After all, sometimes mistakes made at work are the result of excitement and stress. It would be much easier to pass within our own walls...

To look at what is happening through the eyes of another person, to “feel” is also a difficult task. But, you see, if we want to make a fair decision, this is the only correct way. On another it is impossible!

Essay No. 3

Is it possible to cultivate a sense of compassion? How does the presence or absence of empathy affect a person’s life? What should true empathy be like? These are the questions that interested the author of the article.

S. Lvov advises those who are indifferent and suffer from indifference to cultivate kindness and compassion in themselves and in those around them from childhood. The spiritually blind, based on many years of observations of a wise doctor, ... warns: selfishness, callousness, indifference, heartlessness cruelly avenge themselves. At best - belated repentance, and at worst - complete loneliness. For greater persuasiveness, he cites folk wisdom: as it comes around, so it will respond. It seems to me that the author combines the qualities of people from at least 3 professions: philosopher, psychologist and teacher.

In our mercantile times, the problems posed by Lvov sound especially acute. Cases from life and publications in newspapers and magazines speak in favor of his position.

I'm sure of one thing. No matter how the world changes, no matter what cataclysms shake society, there will always be people who know how to turn sympathy into assistance. A striking example is Alfred Ziganshin, head of the gerontology center located in the village of Shemordan. Compassion, sympathy, assistance - these are the three rules with “c” that guide an experienced doctor. People even come to him from Germany for help.

Odessa television made a film about the feat of a unique resident of Kazan A. Galimzyanov. Without knowing sleep or peace, enduring complaints and endless checks, he raised bulls with his whole family and transferred all the proceeds to the accounts of orphanages in Kazan and Ivanov. This is whose soul is tuned “to the wave of high humanity”!

Therefore, compassion, assistance is “active

assistant" person.

>Essays by topic

Sympathy

People tend to feel and express their emotions - this is completely natural, inherent in us by nature itself. One of the important human feelings, in my opinion, is empathy. Showing pity, sincerely worrying about someone, sharing someone else’s pain and selflessly helping - this is what it means to sympathize. In my opinion, sympathy is one of the noblest feelings of a person, but it is not given to everyone, only very sympathetic and kind people know how to show genuine sympathy.

Although, probably, every person felt sorry for the crippled person begging for alms, and he gave him some money or fed hungry animals on the street.

Sometimes it is those who sympathize who, it would seem, do not know how to do this. There was such a case at our school. A hooligan boy named Misha, who repeatedly violated discipline, interfered with lessons, did not do his homework, etc. did something no one expected from him. In winter, after school, he returned home. A lot of snow had fallen the day before and there was severe frost. He accidentally discovered a little girl in a snowdrift; she was lightly dressed and wearing sandals. He asked her why she was sitting in a snowdrift like this, because it was very cold outside. It turned out that the girl was from a dysfunctional family, her parents drank, and she was left to her own devices. The child was hungry and very cold. Misha invited her to his home, fed her and gave her his old warm clothes, which were too small for him. In the evening, when his mother came, he told her everything, they left the girl with them for a while. Then the mother contacted law enforcement agencies, they took up the matter and eventually deprived the girl’s parents of parental rights. The police and the board of trustees expressed gratitude to the boy, and he was presented with a certificate of honor in front of the entire school. No one could believe that this bully was capable of sympathy and help.

Today's people have, indeed, become more cruel, callous and insensitive. A history teacher told us about an experiment with a lying man, thirty years ago, when a man was lying in a park, seemingly unconscious, almost everyone passing by came up to him and offered help. This experiment was repeated today, the result was disappointing: no one approached the lying man, and one even took off his hat and ran away. This is modern empathy.

I think we need to change something, become more responsive to other people's misfortune, show sympathy and offer our help. After all, someday you too may find yourself in trouble.