Download the presentation of the war between Rome and Carthage. The power of Carthage at the beginning of the 3rd century BC
Transformation of Rome into a world power. Road construction. Peninsula. The groan is fatal. Geese saved Rome. Roman. Mediterranean Sea. Punic War. Shield. Crossing the Alps. Causes of wars. Inland lake. Sicily. Cannes. Crossword. Battle tower. Ram. Scipio. Conquest of Italy. Punic Wars. Battle of Cannes. Roman army. Siege of the city. Pyrrhic victory.
“War of Rome with Carthage” - Battle of Lake Trasimene. Roman weapons. Battle of Cannes. Organization of the army. Siege machines. African Scipio. Battle of Zama. First Punic War. Results of the Second Punic War. Battle tactics. Results of the wars. III Punic War. Punic Wars. Hannibal's crossing of the Alps. "Hannibal's Oath" Three times a month the army made forced marches of 30 km. Content. Quinquerema (Pentera) - warship of the Carthaginians and Romans.
"The History of the Revolt of Spartacus" - Lucullus of Macedonia. Sources of slavery in Ancient Rome. Image of Spartacus. Selling a slave. Gladiator fights. Gladiator armor. Statue of Marcus Crassus. Use of slave labor. Roman army. Ancient Roman mosaics. Rebel camp on Mount Vesuvius. The size of Spartacus's army. Spartacus at the gladiator school. The descent of the rebel slaves from Vesuvius. Capturing prisoners in wars. Fortifications of the Roman troops. Spartak died in the last battle.
“The period of the Roman Republic” - Select the features that reveal the concept of “civilization.” Read an excerpt from the Gospel of Matthew. Which states was Rome able to subjugate? Where is Italy located? Christianity and modernity. What were the sources of slavery in the Ancient World. Chronology of Ancient Rome. Rome. What kind of government system can be called democratic? What meaning did slaves put into the concept of “freedom?” Remember the structure of the Roman Republic.
"The Revolt of Spartacus in Ancient Rome" - "The Rebellion of Spartacus." Causes of the uprising. Progress of the uprising. Composition of the rebels. Modern drawing. Causes of defeat. Quotes. Goals of the uprising. Slave collar. Biography. Slave labor. Spartacus was one of the greatest commanders of his time. Wounded Spartak. The revolt of Spartacus echoed throughout the ancient world. Chronology. Execution of rebel slaves. Rise of Spartacus. Spartacus (120 BC - 71 BC), leader of the largest slave revolt in Ancient Rome.
“Land Law of the Gracchi” - In what year was Gaius Gracchus elected tribune of the people. The struggle for Land Law and the death of Tiberius Gracchus. Why did senators resist the adoption and implementation of the land law? The reasons for the ruin of the peasants. Why the land reform of the Gracchus brothers was doomed to failure. Why is Guy Krakhus called the successor of his brother’s work? Land law. Assassination of Tiberius Gracchus. Write an essay on behalf of Tiberius or Gaius Gracchus.
Danilov D.D. and others. General history. 5th grade. History of the Ancient World § 35
Slide 2
DEFINE THE PROBLEM
The Romans conquered Italy, and that Carthage was just a city, albeit on the other side of the sea, but with such an army the Romans easily dealt with this enemy
Not everything is so simple... Carthage was much stronger and richer than Rome and Italy combined
- Compare the opinions of Antoshka and the scientists. What contradiction is observed?
- What is the question? Compare it with the author's
Slide 3
- WHY DID ROME DEFEAT CARTHAGE?
- YOUR FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM MAY NOT COICH THE AUTHOR'S. PLEASE CHOOSE THE FORMULATION IN CLASS THAT IS MOST INTERESTING TO YOU!
Slide 4
LET'S REMEMBER WHAT WE KNOW
Required level. Write the concept based on these characteristics in the box.
Form of government
The highest authorities are elected by citizens
Program level. Write down the name of the civilization to which this concept corresponds.
Slide 5
Required level. Fill in the missing words.
_____________________________________
A closely packed formation of infantry in several lines is called ________
The basic unit of the Roman army, divided into centuries, is called __________________________________________
Program level. Compose two sentences on the topics studied with the words that were entered at the required level.
Slide 6
Required level. Formulate and write down the main reasons for the Roman victories of the 5th–4th centuries. BC.
Slide 7
DISCOVERING NEW KNOWLEDGE
1. VALOR VERSUS GOLD
2. TALENT VERSUS TENABILITY
Slide 8
VALOR VS GOLD
Required level. Why did the Romans, after conquering Italy, turn their attention to the island of Sicily? Why was it so important for the Romans to conquer Sicily?
Slide 9
Program level. Write down what allowed the Romans to win the 1st Punic War.
Slide 10
Program level. Formulate the definition of “province” in your own words and check yourself in the dictionary.
Slide 11
TALENT VERSUS TENABILITY
Program level. Using the text of the textbook (§ 35, paragraph 2), make a list of the reasons for the victory of the Romans in the 2nd Punic War and write it in the table.
Program level. Support each reason with an argument and write them down in a table.
Slide 12
VALOR VS GOLD
Slide 13
Slide 14
TALENT VERSUS TENABILITY
Program level. What qualities of the Roman character do you, a citizen of modern Russia, seem worthy of imitation, and which do not?
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Carthage
On the mainland side, the city was protected by three rows of two-tiered stone walls with four-tiered towers
Carthage had two well-defended harbors - merchant and military, which were connected by a canal up to 22 m wide. The entrance to the harbor was blocked by massive chains
A fertile valley adjoined Carthage. After the conquest of the Libyan tribes, agriculture began to develop in this valley. The large estates of the Carthaginian rich dominated, whose fields were cultivated by slaves.
The struggle between landowners and traders was one of the main contradictions within the ruling class. This struggle influenced the foreign policy of Carthage.
Intermediary trade was the economic basis of the Carthaginian slave state. From South Africa, the Carthaginians brought gold and ivory, silver from the Iberian Peninsula, tin from Britain, and agricultural products from agricultural peoples. Slave trade had a large share. The Carthaginians waged numerous wars to obtain slaves.
State structure
The highest body is the council of elders, headed by 10 (later 30) people (in charge of finances, foreign policy, declaration of war and peace, and also carried out the general conduct of the war. Also elected the commander-in-chief - for an indefinite period and with the broadest powers
The People's Assembly also formally played a significant role, but in fact it was rarely addressed
In 450 BC e. in order to counterbalance the desire of some clans (especially the Mago clan) to gain complete control over the council, a council of judges was created. Appointed by special commissions - pentarchy, which themselves were replenished on the basis of belonging to one or another aristocratic family
The executive power (and the highest judicial power) was exercised by two suffets, they, like the council of elders, were elected annually by open purchase of votes
The whole system was highly corrupt, but colossal government revenues allowed the country to develop quite successfully.
Social system
The entire population was divided into several groups based on their rights.
Siculi - Sicilian Greeks constituted another part of the population; their rights in the field of political government were limited by "Sidonian law" (its content is unknown), but they enjoyed freedom of trade
People from the Phoenician cities annexed to Carthage enjoyed full civil rights, and the rest of the population (freedmen, settlers - not Phoenicians...) similar to the Siculs - “Sidonian law”.
The Libyans were in the most difficult situation. The territory of Libya was divided into regions subordinate to the strategists, taxes were very high, and their collection was accompanied by all sorts of abuses. This led to frequent uprisings, which were brutally suppressed. Libyans were forcibly recruited into the army - the reliability of such units, of course, was very low
Army
Carthage's army was mainly mercenary.
The Carthaginian army consisted of infantry, cavalry, war chariots and war elephants.
The core of the Carthaginian army was the foot sacred squad, in which the Carthaginian nobility served, preparing for military activity. Some wealthy citizens served in the heavy cavalry, forming a separate detachment
The second component of the Carthaginian army were detachments fielded by dependent African tribes and allies
The Iberian tribes provided heavy infantry and heavy cavalry; the Iberians were armed with large swords with which they could stab and chop
Excellent slingers who threw stones and small lead balls were recruited in the Balearic Islands
The Gauls supplied foot soldiers armed with swords that could only cut
African tribes fielded well-trained light cavalry (Numidian cavalry), armed with javelins and swords.
Army
The battle formation of the Carthaginian army usually consisted of three parts: the right and left wings (Numidian cavalry) and the main forces that made up the center (all other troops). The Balearic slingers scattered in front, covering the entire battle formation.
Elephants also played an important role, numbering about 300 of them.
The “technical” equipment of the army was high (catapults, ballistas, etc.)
Representatives of the oligarchy headed the fleet and army. There was no single command.
In general, the Carthaginian army is characterized by its heterogeneous composition, this was its weakness. But, according to Polybius, the Carthaginians considered the presence of mercenaries of different tribes to be a positive thing. In their opinion, warriors who spoke a language incomprehensible to each other could not organize a conspiracy, rebellion or treason. However, commanding such an army was not easy.
"HANNIBAL'S OATH"
“Stretch your hand over the altar,” the father told Hannibal, “and swear that you will never be a friend of the Romans.”
“I swear!” - said Hannibal.
II PUNCIC WAR 218-201 GG BC.
BATTLE OF LAKE TRASIMENE 217 BC.
SCIPIO OF AFRICAN 236-184 BC
The most talented Roman commander of the Punic Wars. He took part in the Battle of Cannes, he managed to escape, after which he rallied all the survivors. Invaded Africa in 204 BC, which accelerated the return of Hannibal. At the Battle of Zama in 202 BC. defeated Hannibal. For his services he received the nickname “African”.
Results of the Second Punic War
III PUNIC WAR 149-146 G.G. BC.
