Trial versions of the exam in geography for a year. Statistics from previous years

The Unified State Exam in Geography is the final test required for admission to a number of higher educational institutions, but is not included in the list of mandatory exams. This exam is not popular - 1-5 people take it in schools; it is required for admission to the following specialties: geology, cartography, ecology, meteorology, geography. The passing score depends on the individual requirements of the higher education institution - the university sets the minimum required when submitting documents. There have been no fundamental changes in the structure and features of the exam in recent years. To cross the threshold, in 2018 it was enough to successfully complete 12 tasks.

• The work consists of 17 questions of different types and levels of difficulty;
• In the process of completing tasks, you can use the card, which is issued along with the examination work directly in the classroom;
• The primary score varies from year to year;
• The tasks are divided into three levels of difficulty: basic, advanced, high difficulty;
• The use of a protractor, ruler and non-programmable calculator is permitted;
• The student receives 180 minutes to solve all tasks; how to allocate time for different tasks depends on the test taker.

• Physical geography: theoretical knowledge of the features of natural zones, relief, lithosphere, meteorology, hydrology, geology is required. To prepare, terms, patterns, and processes are carefully studied.
• Topography: the ability to work with a topographic map is tested; the tasks are quite typical, so you need to carefully work through the tasks from previous years.
• 6th grade program - features of the Earth as a planet.
• Environmental management: it is required to repeat the terminology and laws of ecology and development of the natural environment.
• Socio-economic geography of Russia - economic regions, demographic features.
• Socio-economic geography of the world.

The main thing in the preparation process is to carefully familiarize yourself with the Unified State Exam program in the subject so that the repetition process is systematic, thoughtful and effective.

Preparation methods:

• Schooling is the foundation; it cannot be neglected in order to obtain the basis for successful self-education;
• Self-education: studying textbooks, reference books, specialfor the Unified State Exam in Geography;
• Lessons with a tutor: the opportunity to work through tasks of varying complexity, analyze errors, solve problems;
• Online training: “I will solve the Unified State Exam in Geography” allows you to try your hand at passing exams, allows you to rationally allocate time, and not get lost in the process of filling out the exam form.
  The more online tests a student takes, the stronger and more reliable his knowledge.

There are no changes to the 2019 KIM Unified State Examination in Geography.

The exam work in geography is allotted 3 hours(180 minutes).

The structure of the demo version:

The examination paper consists of two parts, including 34 tasks.

• Part 1 contains 27 tasks with short answer. Answers to tasks in Part 1 (1–27) are written as a number, a sequence of numbers or a word (phrase).
• Part 2 contains 7 tasks. Tasks 28–34 require a detailed answer. The answer to task 28 should be a drawing you made. Tasks 29–34 require you to write down a complete answer to a question or solution to a problem.

Points for Unified State Exam assignments in geography

• 1 point - for tasks 1, 2, 5-10, 12, 13, 16, 17, 19-27.
• 2 points - 3, 4, 11, 14, 15, 18, 28-34.

Total: 47 points.

The points you receive for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score the most points.

Requirements:

• All Unified State Exam forms are filled out in bright black ink.
• You can use a gel or capillary pen.
• When completing assignments, you can use a draft.
• Entries in the draft, as well as in the text of control measurement materials, are not taken into account when evaluating the work.

After completing the work, check that the answer to each task in answer sheets No. 1 and No. 2 is written under the correct number.

Unified State Exam 2018. Geography. Typical test tasks.

M.: 2018. - 192 p.

The authors of the assignments are leading scientists who are the developers of the 2018 Unified State Examination. Typical test tasks in geography contain 14 variant sets of tasks, compiled taking into account all the latest changes and requirements of the Unified State Exam in 2018. The purpose of the manual is to provide readers with information about the structure and content of the 2018 KIM in geography and the degree of difficulty of tasks. The collection contains answers to all test options and provides solutions to all tasks of one of the options. In addition, samples of forms used in the Unified State Exam for recording answers and solutions are provided. The manual is intended for teachers to prepare students for the geography exam, as well as for high school students for self-preparation and self-control.

Format: pdf

Size: 39 MB

Watch, download:drive.google

CONTENT
INTRODUCTION 5
Instructions for performing work 8
OPTION 1
Part 1 11
Part 2 19
OPTION 2
Part 1 22
Part 2 29
OPTION 3
Part 1 31
Part 2 39
OPTION 4
Part 1 41
Part 2 49
OPTION 5
Part 1 51
Part 2 58
OPTION 6
Part 1 61
Part 2 68
OPTION 7
Part 1 71
Part 2 79
OPTION 8
Part 1 81
Part 2 88
OPTION 9
Part 1 91
Part 2 99
OPTION 10
Part 1 101
Part 2 109
OPTION 11
Part 1 111
Part 2 119
OPTION 12
Part 1 122
Part 2 130
OPTION 13
Part 1 133
Part 2 141
OPTION 14
Part 1 144
Part 2 152
SAMPLE OPTION OF EXAMINATION PAPER WITH TASK ANALYSIS
Part 1 157
Part 2 167
ANSWERS
Answers to option No. 1 171
Answers to option No. 2 172
Answers to option No. 3 173
Answers to option N° 4 174
Answers to option No. 5 175
Answers to option No. 6 176
Answers to option No. 7 178
Answers to option No. 8 179
Answers to option No. 9 180
Answers to option No. 10 181
Answers to option No. 11 182
Answers to option No. 12 184
Answers to option No. 13 185
Answers to option No. 14 186

This manual is intended to prepare for the Unified State Exam in Geography.
The manual presents 14 options for examination work, similar to those that will be used to test knowledge and skills in the Unified State Examination in Geography in 2018. These options are training options. In order to maximize the effectiveness of preparation, the options include tasks that test most elements. content of school geography that causes the greatest difficulties for schoolchildren. All questions and tasks are answered.
Each option contains 34 tasks. They test knowledge of all sections of the mandatory minimum content of school geographical education:
1. Sources of geographic information.
2. Nature of the Earth and man.
3. World population.
4. World economy.
5. Environmental management and geoecology.
6. Regional studies.
7. Geography of Russia.
The training options are designed to give an idea of ​​what geographical knowledge from each topic of school geography is tested in the Unified State Exam (facts, geographical nomenclature, spatial and spatio-temporal concepts, cause-and-effect relationships, etc.). The questions in each task will focus your attention on particularly important aspects of your preparation.
When completing tasks, pay attention to the instructions for completing each of them. This will allow you to get used to the correct formatting of answers.
The Unified State Examination papers in geography consist of two parts, differing in the types and levels of difficulty of the tasks.

Specification
control measuring materials
for holding the unified state exam in 2018
by geography

1. Purpose of KIM Unified State Exam

The Unified State Exam (USE) is a form of objective assessment of the quality of training of persons who have mastered educational programs of secondary general education, using tasks of a standardized form (control measuring materials).

The Unified State Examination is conducted in accordance with the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ “On Education in the Russian Federation.”

Control measurement materials make it possible to establish the level of mastery by graduates of the Federal component of the state standard of secondary (complete) general education in geography, basic and specialized levels.

The results of the unified state exam in geography are recognized by educational organizations of higher professional education as the results of entrance tests in geography.

2. Documents defining the content of the Unified State Exam KIM

3. Approaches to selecting content and developing the structure of the Unified State Exam KIM

The content and structure of control measurement materials in geography are determined by the need to achieve the goal of the unified state exam: an objective assessment of the quality of training of persons who have mastered educational programs of secondary (complete) general education, for their differentiation by level of training and competitive selection into institutions of secondary and higher vocational education.

The content of the KIM Unified State Examination in Geography is determined by the requirements for the level of training of graduates, fixed in the Federal component of state standards for basic general and secondary (complete) general education in geography. The selection of content to be tested in the 2018 Unified State Examination paper is carried out in accordance with the section “Mandatory minimum content of basic educational programs” of the Federal component of state standards for basic general and secondary (complete) general education in geography. This document highlights the main sections of the school geography course, which are taken as the basis for identifying blocks of content to be tested in the Unified State Exam.

Sources of Geographic Information

Nature of the Earth and man

World population

World economy

Nature management and geoecology

Regions and countries of the world

Geography of Russia

The work tests both knowledge of geographical phenomena and processes in geospheres and the geographical features of the nature of the population and economy of individual territories, as well as the ability to analyze geographical information presented in various forms, the ability to apply geographical knowledge acquired at school to explain various events and phenomena in everyday life.

The number of tasks testing knowledge of individual sections of the school geography course is determined taking into account the significance of individual content elements and the need to fully cover the requirements for the level of training of graduates.

The examination paper uses tasks of different types, the forms of which ensure their adequacy to the skills being tested.

4. Structure of KIM Unified State Exam

Each version of the examination paper consists of 2 parts and includes 34 tasks, differing in form and level of difficulty.

Part 1 contains 27 short answer questions. (18 tasks of a basic level of complexity, 8 tasks of an increased level of complexity and 1 task of a high level of complexity).

The examination paper presents the following types of short answer tasks:

1) tasks requiring you to write down the answer in the form of a number;

2) tasks that require you to write down the answer in word form;

3) tasks to establish the correspondence of geographical objects and their characteristics;

4) tasks that require you to fill in the blanks in the text with answers from the proposed list;

5) tasks with the choice of several correct answers from the proposed list;

6) tasks to establish the correct sequence.

The answers to the tasks in Part 1 are a number, a number, a sequence of numbers or a word (phrase).

Part 2 contains 7 tasks with a detailed answer, in the first of which the answer must be a drawing, and in the rest you need to write down a complete and substantiated answer to the question posed (2 tasks of an increased level of complexity and 5 tasks of a high level of complexity).

The distribution of tasks by parts of the examination paper, indicating the primary scores, is presented in Table 1.

Table 1. Distribution of exam work tasks by parts of the work

5. Distribution of KIM Unified State Exam tasks by content, types of skills and methods of action

The examination work involves checking the level of training of graduates in accordance with the requirements presented to it.

Since the achievement of a number of requirements in various versions of the examination paper can be tested on the content of various sections of the school geography course, the distribution of tasks among the main blocks of content may differ slightly from the approximate distribution shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Distribution of tasks according to the main content sections (topics) of the geography course

Geography is a subject that students can take as an elective exam. Usually it is not written by too many schoolchildren - this Unified State Exam is needed only by those who plan to continue their studies in the field of regional studies or environmental management, to become a tourism specialist, geographer, meteorologist, geologist, oceanographer, cartographer or ecologist.

These specialties are very interesting to study and master, but, unfortunately, they cannot be called prestigious - only tourism activities attract a sufficient number of applicants. Schoolchildren who see themselves in the future as specialists in one of the listed areas should devote enough time to preparing for the state exam. And to successfully pass the Unified State Exam, it will not be amiss to work through demo versions of KIMs and find out what changes are possible in the new type of tickets.

Demo version of the Unified State Exam-2018

Unified State Exam dates in geography

The exact dates for the Unified State Examination will become known no earlier than January 2018, when specialists from Rosobrnadzor draw up the final schedule. Well, today only the time periods allocated for conducting the Unified State Exam are known:

• You need to prepare for the early stage of the examination by March 22, 2018. The “early-term” students will pass all tests by mid-April;
• The main period of the Unified State Exam is scheduled for May 28, 2018. Exams will last until mid-June;
• The additional delivery period starts on September 4, 2018.

Let us remind you that not all schoolchildren can become participants in the early stage. Here is a list of good reasons compiled by Rosobrnadzor:

• graduation from school or other educational institution before 2017/2018;
• moving to another country;
• call in;
• the need for therapeutic or rehabilitation procedures;
• participation in competitions, competitions or conferences of all-Russian or international significance.

Statistics from previous years

The number of schoolchildren choosing this subject as a Unified State Examination is gradually decreasing - in 2017, about 14 thousand students registered for the exam, which is 3 thousand less than in 2016. Geography poses certain difficulties - 9.3% of schoolchildren were unable to overcome the minimum threshold of 37 points required to receive a positive grade.

However, this result is significantly better than last year, because in 2016 the percentage of unsuccessful schoolchildren was 13% of the total number of examinees. The average score for the exam increased by one and amounted to 55.1 points, which corresponds to the school mark of “good”, but the number of excellent students remains low - only 8% of students were able to get more than 80 points in geography.

Innovations in the Unified State Examination in Geography

According to information published by FIPI, there are no changes to this exam. Students and their parents are certainly interested in the question of whether the Unified State Exam in Geography will be a mandatory exam in 2018. Olga Vasilyeva, head of the Ministry of Education and Science, reported that geography could become the third compulsory subject in the Unified State Examination structure if they decide to increase the number of exams. However, the Ministry of Education claims that students graduating in 2017/2018 will not have to take the third exam.

Exam structure and content

KIMs on this subject cover all the main sections of geography. Students will have to show:

• skills in working with sources of geographic data;
• knowledge about the nature of our planet and human interaction with it;
• ability to navigate data on the Earth's population;
• awareness of the world economy, knowledge of countries and regions of the world;
• understanding of geoecology and environmental management;
• knowledge of the geography of the Russian Federation.

Thanks to the examination card, the commission will be able to assess how well students are aware of geographical phenomena and processes, whether they understand the geographical features of nature, how much they know about the population and characteristics of individual territories, whether they can analyze geographical information, and also whether they can apply their knowledge and skills to explain various events and phenomena in everyday life. Structurally, the ticket is represented by 34 tasks, divided into two parts:

• part 1 – 27 tasks requiring a short answer (18 tasks are at a basic level of difficulty, 8 at an advanced level, 1 at a high level). In total, for this part you can get 33 primary points (70% of all KIM points);
• part 2 - 7 tasks that require a detailed answer (2 of them are at an increased level of complexity, 5 are at a high level). Students will have to draw a picture or justify the answer to the question posed in the assignment. In total, you can get 14 primary points for this part (30% of all points for the ticket).

In total, you can score 47 primary points for the correct solution of the ticket.

180 minutes will be allotted to resolve the ticket. Experts from FIPI recommend distributing time as follows:

• for tasks numbered 1 to 23 – 3 minutes;
• for tasks numbered 24 to 27 – 5 minutes;
• for tasks numbered 28 to 34 – up to 15 minutes for each.

Basic rules for conducting the examination

You can take a ruler, a protractor and a simple calculator with you. Students are also allowed to use cards - they will be distributed in the classroom. Do not forget about the rules: do not take smartphones, smart watches, video and audio equipment with you. Do not try to look at your neighbor's answer sheet, talk to other exam participants, or go out unaccompanied - this will be grounds for cancellation of your work. Remember that in 2018, all 100% of classrooms intended for the Unified State Exam will be equipped with online surveillance systems.

How do exam scores affect your diploma?

Points for work are transferred to the assessment system familiar to schoolchildren as follows:

• 0-36 points corresponds to a “two”;
• 37-50 points indicate satisfactory preparation and are equal to a “three”;
• 51-66 points will allow you to get a “B”;
• 67 points and above indicate that the student knows the subject “excellent”.

The minimum score you need to score in the exam is 37. However, do not forget that for the intermediate level you need to score at least 64 points. Capital universities and the best universities of Russia located in the regions accept applicants who were able to score 85-92 points and above for a given Unified State Examination for a budgetary education.

How to prepare for the exam?

Geography will require you to repeat the entire school curriculum. Make sure you have the following textbooks: general course for grades 5-6, physical geography (grade 7), physical and economic geography of the Russian Federation (included in the curriculum for grades 8 and 9), as well as the economic geography of the countries of the world, which is being studied in high school.