How sweetly the dark green garden of Tyutchev slumbers. Analysis of Tyutchev’s poem “How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers...
How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers,
Embraced by the bliss of the blue night!
Through the apple trees, whitened with flowers,
How sweetly the golden month shines!
Mysterious as on the first day of creation,
In the bottomless sky the starry host burns,
Exclamations can be heard from distant music,
The neighboring key speaks louder... 1
A curtain has fallen on the world of day,
Movement has become exhausted, labor has fallen asleep...
Above the sleeping city, as in the tops of the forest,
A wonderful nightly hum woke up...
Where does it come from, this incomprehensible hum?..
Or mortal thoughts freed by sleep,
The world is incorporeal, audible but invisible,
Now swarming in the chaos of the night?..
Date of creation: 1835 (?), publ.: First publication of the magazine “Russian Archive”. 1879. Issue. 5. P. 134; at the same time - Newly found poems by F.I. Tyutchev / Preface by I.S. Aksakova. M., 1879. P. 40. Then - Works by F.I. Tyutcheva. Poems and political articles / Prepared by. Ern.F. Tyutchev, supervision of the press by A.N. Maikov. St. Petersburg, 1886. P. 14; Works by F.I. Tyutcheva. Poems and political articles / Prepared by. Ern.F. Tyutcheva, A.A. Florida; foreword by I.F. and D.F. Tyutchev. St. Petersburg, 1900 P. 86.. Source: tiutcheviana (cited from Tyutchev F.I. Complete collection of poems / Compiled, prepared text and notes by A.A. Nikolaev. - L.: Sov. writer, 1987. - 448 pp. (Poet's book. Large series. pp. 124, 125)
Notes
Another option: In the garden, a fountain, laughing, says...
Another option: The swarm is incorporeal, audible but invisible,
Vision (Tyutchev) - Wikisource
There is a certain hour in the night of universal silence; And at that hour of appearances and miracles; The living chariot of the universe Rolls openly into the sanctuary of heaven! 5 Then the night thickens like chaos on the waters; Unconsciousness, like Atlas, crushes the land...
ru.wikisource.org/wiki/Vision_(Tyutchev) copy on the site
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Other articles in the literary diary:
- 25.10.2014. Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev
- 10/24/2014. Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky
- 10/12/2014. In the morning it’s clear like autumn,
(2)
Tyutchev’s poem “How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers ...”, without a doubt, can be attributed to the romantic-philosophical lyrics, so characteristic of the poet: here is the struggle of day and night elements, the theme of earth and sky, eternal questions about faith, the place of man in the universe, his: loneliness, the meaning of being.
The structure of the poem is also typical for the poet's philosophical works: the first stanzas are a magical description of nature, and the last are philosophical reflections.
In the 1st stanza a wonderful picture of a night garden is created. The author admires and admires the blooming spring nature, sings of its harmony with pathos and passion, and this impression is strengthened by the repeated exclamation “how sweet.”
But here the epithet “sweet” does not seem cloying, but creates a feeling of enjoying peace and sleep. The painting is highly poetic, replete with inversions and a palette of colors.
It could be compared with a painting by Kuindzhi, if not for the blueness of the night, which fills the garden with air, increases the volume, reveals the closed space of the garden and predetermines the transition to the image of the bottomless sky in the 2nd stanza.
In the 2nd stanza we clearly feel that the night is not complete peace: it is full of sounds and movement. In this stanza one can already feel the loneliness of the lyrical hero, who finds himself alone with the mystery of the night. This ambiguity, the unknown “like on the first day of creation,” excites and worries the hero.
The author contrasts the mystery and anxiety of the night with the clarity and order of the working day. Here one can feel the inconsistency so characteristic of Tyutchev’s poetry, a certain paradox of thought: on the one hand, the author shows that it is at night that everything strives for peace and freezes.
On the other hand, life does not stop, in some manifestations it becomes more intense, exclamations and music are heard.
In the 3rd stanza, the main thing is the antithesis: the embrace of sleep, the fading of daytime movement associated with material activity, and the liberation of spiritual life, mental, “incorporeal” energy, which was enclosed in a bodily shell during the day.
The author perceives this released energy as a “wonderful, nightly hum.” Perhaps this image arises from intense listening to the sounds of the night. And this hum negated the calm and tranquility of the 1st stanza.
If in the 2nd stanza peace is replaced by excitement, now the mood becomes anxious and confused, this impression is achieved by numerous assonant “u”: “labor fell asleep”, “wonderful woke up”, “nightly hum”, “where is this hum coming from”.
The poem ends with a rhetorical question. Sleep liberates all the forces of the soul that are constrained during the day, not so much the light ones as the dark ones. It is these forces that Tyutchev associates with chaos, the abyss, they cause fear because they have destructive energy and pose a threat to light and harmony.
Such silence evokes a desire to penetrate into the author’s unspoken thoughts and find one’s own answer, giving rise to new questions: why do thoughts rush upward, why are they cramped in the human shell?
Probably because such is human nature: his soul strives for the unknown, the unknown, seeks answers to endless questions about the mysteries of the universe and hopes to find it there, in the heights, in the endless chaos of the night.
Tyutchev addresses the theme of night more than once in his poems, and the night rumble also appears more than once, for example:
4.5 / 5. 2
Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev
How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers,
Embraced by the bliss of the blue night!
Through the apple trees, whitened with flowers,
How sweetly the golden month shines!
Mysterious as on the first day of creation,
In the bottomless sky the starry host burns,
Exclamations can be heard from distant music,
The neighboring key speaks louder...
A curtain has fallen on the world of day,
Movement has become exhausted, labor has fallen asleep...
Above the sleeping city, as in the tops of the forest,
A wonderful nightly hum woke up...
Where does it come from, this incomprehensible hum?..
Or mortal thoughts freed by sleep,
The world is incorporeal, audible but invisible,
Now swarming in the chaos of the night?..
Written in the 1830s, the poem “How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers...” refers to Tyutchev’s early landscape and philosophical poetry. Like many of Fyodor Ivanovich’s works, it is dedicated to the night and related reflections. In the first stanza, readers are presented with a description of a beautiful garden. The delight experienced by the lyrical hero of the work is emphasized through the use of exclamatory sentences. At the beginning of the text, Fyodor Ivanovich places greater emphasis on the color scheme of the picture being drawn. Bright epithets play an important role in this. The poet calls apple trees white flowers, the month - golden, the night - blue. Already in the second quatrain the mood of the text becomes different. There are no exclamation marks. Later they will be replaced by ellipses and rhetorical questions. The night is full of various sounds. The lyrical hero hears both distant music and the murmur of a key. He gets a feeling of mystery of what is happening. In addition, Tyutchev touches on the topic of the immutability of the eternal laws of life. For thousands of years, the fundamental principles of the world remain the same. The stars in the bottomless sky shine for the hero in the same way as they shone “on the first day of creation.”
In the third stanza, the poet seems to return a little back - to the moment of nightfall, when a curtain falls on the daytime world, movement practically stops and a rare person works. If the city is sleeping, then nature has no time to sleep at this time. The hero of the poem notices that a wonderful hum is awakening in the forest peaks, repeating every night. The fourth and final stanza is reserved for philosophical reflections inspired by the observed landscape. This technique is characteristic of the work of Fyodor Ivanovich, as Fet wrote: “Tyutchev cannot look at nature without a corresponding bright thought arising in his soul at the same time.” Night for a poet is the time when a person is left alone with the abyss, when chaos awakens. When darkness sets in, vision deteriorates, but hearing becomes sharper, which is why the hero of the poem “How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers…” hears so many sounds. Night brings with it a completely different world to earth - a world incorporeal, invisible, but really existing. Tyutchev has an ambivalent attitude towards the dark time of day. On the one hand, a person has the opportunity to comprehend the secrets of existence. On the other hand, as mentioned above, he has to face the abyss.
How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers,
Embraced by the blue bliss of the night,
Through the apple trees, whitened with flowers,
How sweetly the golden month shines!..
Mysterious as on the first day of creation,
In the bottomless sky the starry host burns,
Exclamations can be heard from distant music,
The neighboring key speaks louder...
A curtain has fallen on the world of day,
Movement has become exhausted, labor has fallen asleep...
Above the sleeping city, as in the tops of the forest,
A wonderful, nightly rumble woke up...
Where does it come from, this incomprehensible hum?..
Or mortal thoughts freed by sleep,
The world is incorporeal, audible but invisible,
Now swarming in the Chaos of the night?..
Other editions and options
8 In the garden, a fountain, laughing, says...
15 Incorporeal swarm, audible but invisible,
Autograph - RGALI. F. 505. Op. 1. Unit hr. 19. L. 7.
COMMENTS:
Autographs (2) - RGALI. F. 505. Op. 1. Unit hr. 19. L. 7 and 6.
First publication - RA. 1879. Issue. 5. P. 134; at the same time - NNS. P. 40. Then - Ed. St. Petersburg, 1886. P. 14; Ed. 1900. P. 86.
Printed from the second autograph. See "Other Editions and Variants." P. 250.
The first autograph contains the title of the poem - “Night Voices”. The 7th line here is “Exclamations of distant music are heard,” the 8th is “In the garden a fountain, laughing, speaks,” the 15th is “A disembodied swarm, audible, but invisible.”
In the second - the name is missing, there are discrepancies compared to the first: in the 7th line - the first letter of the second word resembles Tyutchev’s “z”, and then the word “zalny” is obtained, not “distant” (compare with the spelling “z” in the words “through”, “music”, “veil”, “exhausted”), in the first autograph there was an obvious “d” and the word “distant” was obtained. In the 8th line of the second autograph - “The neighboring key speaks more audibly”, in the 15th - “The incorporeal world, audible, but invisible.” All stanzas are crossed out here too. Punctuation has been slightly changed. One gets the impression that the poet initially does not differentiate punctuation marks, but indicates any stops, semantic and intonation, with a dash. The entire poem seems to be built on the effect of understatement: exclamations, questions, and statements do not express everything that could be said; besides, Tyutchev’s dots here are not short, but long: after the word “says” there are five dots, after “fell asleep” - four, after “hum” (12th line) - eight, dots are placed to the very edge of the page, they are larger they don’t fit here; after the word “incomprehensible” there are four dots (also to the very edge of the page), after the words “in the chaos of the night” there are five dots, and again to the very edge. The poet aesthetically experiences the world of the unknown, not subject to verbal expression, but it exists, and the ellipsis reminds of it.
It was published everywhere under the title “Night Voices”, which corresponded only to the early autograph. In the first three editions, the 7th line is “Exclamations are heard from ballroom music.” But already in Ed. 1900 -“Exclamations can be heard from distant music.” However, in Ed. Marx again - “Exclamations are heard from ballroom music,” but in the ed. Chulkov I and in Lyrica I- “Music of a Distance.”
Dating from the 1830s; at the beginning of May 1836 it was sent by I.S. Tyutchev. Gagarin.
“How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers...” - this is the sixth poem with the image of chaos: “Vision”, “The Last Cataclysm”, “How the ocean embraces the globe...”, “What are you howling about, night wind?..”, “Dream on sea” - in all but the second and third in this list, the word “chaos” itself is used. If in previous poems about chaos feelings of anxiety, fear, and disintegration of consciousness were emphasized, then in this poem, ideas and experiences of mystery, the incomprehensibility of chaos are highlighted, and the idea of its incorporeality and irrationality is supported. For the first time, it was in this poem that the image of the “veil”, characteristic of Tyutchev, appeared; it turns out to be night, falling over the daytime world like a curtain.
