List of recipients of the Order of Lenin. Characteristics and interesting facts about the Order of Lenin

Established by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 6, 1930. The statute of the order was established by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of May 5, 1930. By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 28, 1980, the Statute of the Order in a new edition was approved.

The Order of Lenin is the highest award of the USSR for particularly outstanding services in the revolutionary movement, labor activity, defense of the socialist fatherland, development of friendship and cooperation between peoples, strengthening peace and other particularly outstanding services to the Soviet state and society. Individuals whose selfless work has previously been recognized by other orders may be nominated for the Order of Lenin for labor merit. The Order of Lenin is awarded to persons awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, as well as cities and fortresses that have been awarded the title “Hero City” and the title “Fortress Hero,” respectively. The Order of Lenin is worn on the left side of the chest and is located in front of other orders and medals.

The Order of Lenin is made of gold, with an applied bas-relief of V.I. Lenin is made of platinum. The pure gold in the order is 28.604±1.1 g, platinum - 2.75 g (as of September 18, 1975). The total weight of the order is 33.6±1.75 g.

The idea of ​​creating this order was proposed by V.N. Levichev. July 8, 1926. The order was initially proposed to be called “Order of Ilyich”. The artist I. Dubasov and the famous sculptor I.D. took part in the creation of the order project. Shadr. The basis for creating a relief image of the leader on the sign of the order was a photograph of Lenin, taken in 1921 at the Third Congress of the Comintern. In 1934, work to change the design of the order was carried out by medalist A. Vasyutinsky.

Order of Lenin No. 1 By the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of May 23, 1930, the newspaper “Komsomolskaya Pravda” was awarded for active assistance in increasing the pace of socialist construction and in connection with the fifth anniversary of its founding.

By a resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of November 23, 1930, Boris Anisimovich Roizenman was awarded the Order of Lenin “in commemoration of exceptional merits in improving and simplifying the state apparatus, adapting it to the tasks of a comprehensive socialist offensive, in the fight against bureaucracy, mismanagement and irresponsibility in Soviet and economic organizations, as well as his merits in carrying out special, especially state-important tasks to clean up the state apparatus in the foreign missions of the USSR."

One of the first collective awards with the Order of Lenin took place on February 28, 1931. For special merits in socialist construction, the head of the main electrical workshops of the Moscow-Kursk Railway Sidorov S.S., the foreman-promoter of the mechanical workshops of the Moscow Electric Plant I.V. Grachkov, the mechanic of the Artificial Fiber factory A.S. Vysokolov were awarded. and director of the Samotochka plant Padzhaev-Baranov I.K.

Among the first to be awarded the Order of Lenin were major military leaders V.K. Blyukher, S.M. Budyonny, K.E. Voroshilov, M.N. Tukhachevsky. and the heroes of the first five-year plans, miner Alexey Stakhanov, locomotive driver Pyotr Krivonos, agricultural workers Maria Demchenko, Mamlakat Nakhangova, Mark Ozerny and others.

After the establishment of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on April 16, 1934, the Order of Lenin began to be awarded to everyone who received this honorary title. Since the Gold Star medal was established only in 1939, the Order of Lenin was the only insignia for the GSS. After the establishment of the Golden Star of the Hero, the Order of Lenin continued to be automatically issued along with it.

By a resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated September 10, 1934, the Order of Lenin was awarded to foreigners for the first time. For their participation in the search and rescue of the Chelyuskinites, US citizens flight mechanics Levari Williams and Clyde Armistet received a high award.

For distinction in the battles near Lake Khasan, 95 people received the Order of Lenin (Decree of October 25, 1938).

Many industrial enterprises were also awarded the country's highest order. These are such giants as the oil producing associations Azneft and Grozneft, tractor factories in Stalingrad, Kharkov and Chelyabinsk, Gorky and Minsk automobile plants and others.

In the 30s, military units and units were awarded the Order of Lenin. In 1932, the Order of Lenin was awarded to the 25th Infantry Division named after V.I. Chapaev “for heroic exploits in socialist construction and excellent success in combat and political training.” In the same year, the 23rd Rifle Division was awarded the Order of Lenin “for active participation in the construction of the Kharkov Tractor Plant and the labor heroism of its personnel.” In 1934, the 30th Irkutsk Rifle Division named after the All-Russian Central Executive Committee was awarded the Order of Lenin. The order was personally attached to the division banner by M.I. Kalinin. For participation in the defeat of the Japanese militarists on the Khalkhin Gol River in the summer of 1939, the Orders of Lenin were awarded to the 36th motorized rifle division of brigade commander Petrov, the 11th tank brigade of brigade commander Yakovlev, the 7th motorized armored brigade of Major Lesovoy, the 100th high-speed bomber aviation brigade Colonel Shevchenko, the 24th motorized rifle regiment of Colonel Fedyuninsky, the 175th artillery regiment of Colonel Polyansky, a separate anti-tank division of the 36th motorized rifle division and a separate special purpose tank company. Before the war, the Order of Lenin was awarded to the Air Force Engineering Academy named after N.E. Zhukovsky and the Military Academy named after M.V. Frunze. In total, before the Great Patriotic War, about 6,500 people became holders of the Order of Lenin.

With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the first to resist the Nazis were the border guards. Warriors of the 98th border detachment, political instructor Babenko F.T. (8th outpost) and Lieutenant Gusev F.I. (commander of the 9th outpost) were among the first to accomplish feats that were later awarded the Order of Lenin. In total, during the Great Patriotic War, about 41 thousand people and 207 military units were awarded the high award.

From June 4, 1944 until September 14, 1957, the Order of Lenin was awarded to officers for 25 years of impeccable service. Since the beginning of the 50s, civilians could also receive the Order of Lenin for long-term and fruitful work. This led to the fact that over the last 40 years of the existence of the USSR, the Order of Lenin was awarded more than 360 thousand times.

The Order of Lenin was awarded to almost all top-ranking Soviet leaders. Many of the foreign figures of the communist movement, such as Georgy Dimitrov, Gustav Husak, Janos Kadar, Dolores Ibárruri, Ho Chi Minh, Walter Ulbricht, Fidel Castro and others, received the Order of Lenin.

A number of high-ranking Soviet military personnel were awarded the Order of Lenin several times. Thus, eight Orders of Lenin were awarded to Marshals of the Soviet Union I.Kh. Bagramyan, L.I. Brezhnev, S.M. Budyonny, A.M. Vasilevsky, V.D. Sokolovsky, Army General P.I. Batov, academicians A. Tupolev N., Lysenko T.D., Ilyushin S.V.

Nine Orders of Lenin were awarded to Marshal of the Soviet Union V.I. Chuikov, polar explorer I.D. Papanin, and Colonel General-Engineers P.V. Dementyev. (Minister of Aviation Industry) and Ryabikov V.M. (1st Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR), 1st Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Tajikistan Rasulov D.R., Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR Tikhonov N.A.

Ten orders of Lenin adorned the chest of the Minister of Medium Engineering Slavsky E.P., the 1st Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan Rashidov Sh.R., aircraft designer Yakovlev A.S. and academician Alexandrov A.P.

Marshal of the Soviet Union Ustinov D.F. awarded the Order of Lenin eleven times. The record holder for the number of Orders of Lenin is the USSR Minister of Foreign Trade N.S. Patolichev, who had twelve Orders of Lenin.

All Soviet republics were awarded the Order of Lenin, some more than once. Thus, the Azerbaijan SSR, the Armenian SSR, the Kazakh SSR, and the Uzbek SSR had three Orders of Lenin.

Twenty autonomous republics, 8 autonomous regions, 6 territories, more than 100 regions and some cities were awarded the Order of Lenin. Moscow, Leningrad, Kyiv and some other cities have two Orders of Lenin. The Moscow region has three Orders of Lenin.

More than 380 industrial and construction enterprises and about 180 agricultural enterprises and organizations received this award. Many enterprises have been awarded the Order of Lenin more than once. For example, three Orders of Lenin were awarded to the Moscow Automobile Plant named after. Likhachev - “ZIL”.

The Order of Lenin was awarded to military units, formations and associations. The largest association of military units awarded this order was the district (for example, Moscow, Order of Lenin military district).

The Lenin Komsomol was awarded three Orders of Lenin.

Some of the last Orders of Lenin in the history of the USSR were awarded by Decree of the President of the USSR to Aron Pinevich Shapiro - General Director of the Buryatmebel Production Association (for improving furniture and woodworking production) and Umirzak Makhmutovich Sultangazin - President of the Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan (for using achievements in space in the interests of the national economy and active participation in the preparation and implementation of the flight of the Soyuz TM-13 spacecraft with an international crew on board).

The last recipient of the Order of Lenin in the history of the USSR was the director of the Maslyaninsky brick factory in the Novosibirsk region, Yakov Yakovlevich Mul. He was awarded this award by Decree of the President of the USSR No. UP-3143 of December 21, 1991 “for his great personal contribution to the reconstruction and technical re-equipment of the enterprise and the achievement of high performance indicators.”

As of January 1, 1995, 431,417 awards of the Order of Lenin were made. Taking into account one award made in 1996, the total number of awards with the Order of Lenin was 431,418.

Initially, in addition to the wreath of ears of corn that framed the central round medallion, the hammer and sickle, and the letters “USSR,” the composition also included a triangle at the bottom of the order, symbolizing the union of workers, the working peasantry and the intelligentsia. This version of the order was not approved.
It was also intended that when re-awarding the Order of Lenin to one person, the serial number of the award should be placed in a special shield at the bottom of the obverse of the order badge, as was already done with the Order of the Red Banner. However, this idea was rejected.

The badge of the Order of Lenin from 1930 was a round medallion portrait with a bas-relief of Lenin in the center and an industrial landscape in the background. Under the bas-relief of Lenin there was an image of a tractor (because of this, this type received the nickname “Tractor” from collectors). The medallion was surrounded by an applied gold rim, which was attached by soldering. On the front side, the gold rim had a groove filled with ruby ​​red enamel. Around the medallion, outside the gold rim, there were ears of wheat, on which a gilded sickle and hammer were superimposed in the upper part of the sign, and in the lower part - the inscription “USSR”. The letters of the inscription are made of gold and covered with red enamel. Each letter was a separate element and was attached by soldering. The sign itself was made of 925 sterling silver. Orders of the first type are made of two parts. The front part of the order and, separately from it, the back part were made. Then both halves were carefully connected to each other using soldering. The inside of the sign is hollow. On the reverse of the order, in the central part, there was a two-stage flange into which a threaded pin was inserted. The clamping nut is made of silver. On the inside of the nut there is a soldered bronze washer with a thread.

About 700 orders of the first type were issued.

Since the first type of the Order of Lenin lacked images of the main proletarian symbols - the Red Star and the Red Banner, it was decided to slightly change the appearance of the sign. The new statute of the Order of Lenin was approved by the Decree of the USSR Central Executive Committee of September 27, 1934. The Order of Lenin was now made not of silver, but of 650 gold. The images of a tractor and an industrial landscape disappeared from the obverse of the order, and the inscription USSR also disappeared. The new type of order featured a Red Banner with the inscription LENIN and the Red Star. The Hammer and Sickle moved from the top part of the order to the bottom part. The Red Banner, Red Star, Hammer and Sickle on the second type badge are covered with ruby ​​red enamel. The central round medallion portrait with the image of the leader is silver plated. The surface of the ears around the medallion has a natural gold surface.

The decree of June 19, 1943 established the procedure for wearing orders that had a star shape on pins on the right side of the chest, and orders that had an oval or round shape - on the left side of the chest on pentagonal blocks covered with an order ribbon. Orders of Lenin were purchased at the top of the badge order, an eyelet through which a ring was threaded, connected to a pentagonal block. By the time this Decree was issued, the Krasnokamsk Mint still had a number of screw-fastened orders that had already been manufactured. It was decided to remake these signs for wearing on a block, in accordance with the text of the Decree. The alteration was carried out by removing a segment of the reverse surface and replacing it with a similar-shaped segment that had an eyelet for attaching a suspension block. The segment with the eye was attached by soldering. This option is called "dovetail".

The Order of Lenin was established by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 6, 1930. The statute of the order was established by the Resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of May 5, 1930. The Statute of the Order and its description were amended by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated September 27, 1934, and the Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Council dated June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947. By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 28, 1980, the Statute of the Order in a new edition was approved.

In the first version of the order's insignia, made by the artist Dmitriev, there were no images of the red banner and the red star - the main Soviet symbols. In November 1931, the production of the order with this design ceased. In 1933, another version was created. Officially, the last pre-war model was approved on June 11, 1936.

Statute of the order.
The Order of Lenin is the highest award of the USSR for particularly outstanding services in the revolutionary movement, labor activity, defense of the socialist fatherland, development of friendship and cooperation between peoples, strengthening peace and other particularly outstanding services to the Soviet state and society.

The Order of Lenin is awarded to:
- citizens of the USSR;
- enterprises, associations, institutions, organizations, military units, warships, formations and associations, union and autonomous republics, territories, regions, autonomous regions, autonomous districts, districts, cities and other populated areas.
The Order of Lenin can also be awarded to persons who are not citizens of the USSR, as well as enterprises, institutions, organizations and settlements of foreign states.

The Order of Lenin is awarded:
- for exceptional achievements and successes in the field of economic, scientific, technical and socio-cultural development of Soviet society, increasing the efficiency and quality of work, for outstanding services in strengthening the power of the Soviet state, the fraternal friendship of the peoples of the USSR;
for particularly important services in the defense of the socialist Fatherland, strengthening the defense capability of the USSR;
for outstanding revolutionary, state and socio-political activities;
-for particularly important services in the development of friendship and cooperation between the peoples of the Soviet Union and other states;
- for particularly outstanding services in strengthening the socialist community, the development of the international communist, labor and national liberation movements, in the struggle for peace, democracy and social progress;
-for other particularly outstanding services to the Soviet state and society.

As a rule, individuals whose selfless work has previously been recognized by other orders can be nominated for the Order of Lenin for labor merits. The Order of Lenin is awarded to persons awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, as well as cities and fortresses that have been awarded the title “Hero City” and the title “Fortress Hero,” respectively.
The Order of Lenin is worn on the left side of the chest and is located in front of other orders and medals.
Among the first military commanders and holders of the Order of Lenin were V.K. Blucher. S. M. Budyonny and K. E. Voroshilov.
The Order of Lenin was the country's highest award until the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.
During the Great Patriotic War, more than 41,000 awards were made.

The Order of Lenin is rightfully considered the highest award of the Socialist Republics. This award was established on April 6, 1930.

The statute of the award specifies quite extensive conditions for awarding this insignia. First of all, it is worth noting that every citizen of the Union, any organization, enterprise, territorial units, as well as foreign citizens, organizations, enterprises, territorial units, whose activities contributed a unique treasure to the development and prosperity of the USSR, could become awarded.

In short, in order to receive this award, it was necessary to perform particularly outstanding actions in strategically important areas of life, as well as in support of the ideals and aspirations of social communism. This concerned such areas as: economics, politics, science, medicine, culture and education, military activities and the like.

The statute of the distinctive sign states that this award is issued in case of prior awarding of other orders (in case of distinction for outstanding labor merits, for example), as well as those bearing the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (for citizens) and “Hero City” (for cities)

Based on the highest rank of the award, it was worn in front of all other orders on the chest on the left near:

The appearance of the distinctive sign was designed by the artist Dubasov. Throughout the history of the award, the order itself has repeatedly undergone changes, details have changed and added, but one thing has remained unchanged - in the center of the award in a circle - the profile image of the leader of the USSR Lenin, in whose honor the order is actually named. Ultimately the reward looks like this:

Who was given the very first Order of Lenin

Less than a month later, namely 05/23/1930, the Order of Lenin was already awarded for the first time. The first recipient of this distinctive sign was the publication of the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper. The description of the presentation states that the award was given for successful and prompt assistance in building socialism and in honor of the fifth anniversary.

For the first time, five foreigners were awarded for outstanding services in the field of agricultural and industrial activities.

The biologist I. Michurin won the championship in receiving the award among scientists, Maxim Gorky distinguished himself among the associates of Soviet culture, among artists - I. Brodsky, and among composers - U. Gadzhibekov.

In 1933, this award was first received by a Red Army employee, R. Panchenko, for brave exploits in the battle with the Basmachi.

The largest number of awards for one person is 11! This honor was awarded to N. Patolichev and F. Ustinov.

In total, 431,418 people were conferred this order. once.

List of recipients of the Order of Lenin in the USSR

Over the entire history of the order - approximately 60 years, the order was awarded to approximately 431,418. once. Cases of awarding the Order of Lenin more than 10 times to one person are common.

Such a large number of cavaliers is explained by the universality of the order - but this might not have been the case. Initially, it was designed as a military award, to replace the Order of the Red Banner, but the civil war ended successfully and it was decided to expand the range of presentation of this insignia.

Interesting fact: after the collapse of the USSR, the awarding did not take place, but the list of recipients of the Order of Lenin in the USSR was replenished during independence. It’s just that the transfer to the awardees took place a little later, namely in ’94 and ’96.

As a rule, presenting an award is a serious event; after the ceremonial handover on stage, numerous speeches and dialogues, a concert and a gala reception were held. A prerequisite for the meeting was the presence of government representatives.

Factory of the Order of Lenin

The Order of Lenin is the first award that provides for awards not only to the military, but also to other public organizations.

This honorary title was awarded to enterprises for their enormous contribution to development, support of Soviet industry, unbearable contribution and dedicated work. After the Order of Lenin was awarded to an enterprise, this had to be included in the name of the enterprise.

In total, approximately 348 different types of institutions received the title of being awarded the Order of Lenin. Among them there are approximately 88 factories. To award factories, it was also practiced to present this distinctive sign repeatedly. Thus, three factories in the field of mechanical engineering and automotive industry were awarded this award three times, and 12 enterprises from the heavy industry were awarded this distinctive sign twice. Moreover, the number of awards is also necessarily indicated in the name of the plant.

Basically, most often this award was given to enterprises that produced heavy equipment: complex designs of mechanisms, machine tools, vehicles, etc.

As practice shows, along with the enterprise, the order was also awarded to its most outstanding employees. The first awarding of the plant with this distinctive sign took place on 04/09/1991, and the recipient was “Electrozavod” with fifteen of its employees. The reason for the award is to exceed the five-year plan in a period that is half as long – 2.5 years.

Plant of the Order of Lenin

The government of the USSR managed in the shortest possible time, with the help of intensive labor and various, often completely inhumane measures, to transform a backward agricultural country into an industrial giant. By the thirties of the nineteenth century, many large enterprises had appeared that united production organizations of one industry into new associations - combines. Since the conditions of socialism remove the concept of competition, there was a need to maintain industrial enthusiasm. This happened through the assignment of distinctive signs to such large enterprises.

In total, during the period of operation of the Order of Lenin, it was awarded to plants more than 20 times. There was also a predominance of heavy industry here, most of the awarded plants were metallurgical or machine-building. Several mining and processing and chemical enterprises and light industry plants were also awarded the Order.

This is explained by the desire of the authorities for the greatest development of this particular industry. This state of affairs is understandable: in addition to the fact that the USSR was fully provided with resources for the development of heavy industry, this made it even more powerful and influential.

How much does the Order of Lenin cost – today’s price

The price of the Order of Lenin, despite its prevalence, is quite high and there has been a tendency to increase it recently. This state of affairs provokes the emergence of skillful fakes.

It depends not only on the type of order, but, in many respects, on the state of preservation and the year, as well as on the serial number of the award, which is indicated on the reverse. Also, the precious materials from which it is made - gold and silver - have a significant influence, the cost of which can hardly be called stable. The most valuable is the 1st type of order, because the number of minted distinctive signs of the 1st type is approximately 700 pieces.

That is why the price of the Order of Lenin today may fluctuate from 5-7 to 10 thousand. e.

Sell ​​Order of Lenin

Before selling awards, medals and orders, one should not forget that at the legislative level such actions are prohibited in Russia and Belarus. If you still decide to sell a distinctive award, then you can use several options:

• turn to an experienced appraiser and buyer
• appeals to online collectors
• sell on the black market
• use the services of an online store
• take part in an online auction

Each of the options has its pros and cons, but you need to understand that any of the options has its own disadvantages, and there is a high risk of running into ill-wishers.

Buy Order of Lenin with documents

Before you buy the Order of Lenin, the price of the original may be very high, keep this in mind. To purchase this distinctive sign, the easiest way is to use a more or less proven catalog from an online store or auction. Publicity of this event is desirable, and be especially vigilant so as not to be deceived by scammers.

There is a huge variety of online services and places on the black market where they are willing to sell the Order of Lenin for a reasonable price, but keep in mind that the presence of documents will significantly increase its cost, so be extremely careful when choosing a seller.

On the black market

Finding out how much the Order of Lenin costs on the black market is very simple, because its value is directly proportional to the cost of gold, which makes up a significant part of its weight. This is due to the popularity of the sign; it was often awarded, so it is worth talking about uniqueness only in the case of the first copies. The price of this distinctive sign is greatly increased by the presence of accompanying documentation and the number of awards.

On average, on the black market, an order costs from 800 to 10,000 thousand USD... however, keep in mind that the history of an award sold on the black market may be tainted; it is not a fact that it came to the owner legally.

Order of Lenin Auction

The age of Internet technology has greatly simplified and facilitated many areas of human life, including those related to buying and selling. This also affected public trading and auctions. By entering the words “sell order” in the search, you will receive many pages with advertisements for the sale of various distinctive signs.

The auction occurs in this way - the seller advertises the sale, potential buyers offer a price, the seller chooses the best option, they negotiate the price and contact to further discuss the terms of the transaction. The Order of Lenin is often found at such auctions; you can easily choose the appropriate option and purchase the desired award.

The Order of Lenin is the highest state award of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, established by a resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on April 6, 1930.

History of the order

In July 1926, the head of the main department of the Red Army, V.N. Levichev, proposed creating a fundamentally new award for soldiers and commanders of the Red Army and Navy who already had distinctions from the government of the young Soviet Republic. By this time, the Order of the Red Star already existed in the award system of Soviet Russia as the highest award, but there were already multiple recipients. Therefore, he proposed creating an order that alone could replace many others. In addition, it should have become the highest award, and the rest, by their status, should have had a lower level in the hierarchy of awards of the Soviet state. Initially, the new award was to be called the “Order of Ilyich”, and in essence be an exclusively combat award. But, since the Civil War had already ended by this time, the draft of a new award was not accepted. Although, according to the Council of People's Commissars, the need for a higher, universal award was obvious.

Late 20s, early 30s. years, the issue of creating a new award again becomes relevant. The Moscow Goznak factory receives the task of creating a sketch that would depict V.I. Lenin. The author of the sketch, which was taken as the basis for the new sign, was the artist I. I. Dubasov. When working on the sketch, Dubasov used as a basis for the drawing a photograph of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, taken by photographer Bulla V. in 1920 at the second congress of the Comintern, held in Moscow. In the spring of 1930, the sketch was handed over for revision to the sculptors Shadr I. and Taezhny P., who created the model. In the same year, the first prototypes of the sign were manufactured at the Goznak factory in Moscow. The new award was named The order of Lenin.

It was officially established in April 1930, and the statute was established in May of the same year. The final revision of the statute was made in 1980. From that time until the moment when it was no longer the USSR, but the Russian Federation, that was excluded from the awards system, the statute did not change. According to the statute The order of Lenin- the highest award of the USSR. Awarded for fruitful work aimed at protecting the Socialist Fatherland, certain merits in revolutionary and labor activities. And also for a significant contribution to the development of friendship and cooperation between peoples and states, aimed at strengthening peace.

Statute

1. The Order of Lenin is the highest award of the USSR for particularly outstanding services in the revolutionary movement, labor activity, defense of the socialist Fatherland, development of friendship and cooperation between peoples, strengthening of peace and other particularly outstanding services to the Soviet state and society.
   2. The Order of Lenin is awarded to:

• citizens of the USSR;
• enterprises, associations, institutions, organizations, military units, warships, formations and associations, union and autonomous republics, territories, regions, autonomous regions, autonomous districts, districts, cities and other populated areas.

The Order of Lenin can also be awarded to persons who are not citizens of the USSR, as well as enterprises, institutions, organizations, and settlements of foreign states.
3. The Order of Lenin is awarded:

• for exceptional achievements and successes in the field of economic, scientific, technical and socio-cultural development of Soviet society, increasing the efficiency and quality of work, for outstanding services in strengthening the power of the Soviet state, the fraternal friendship of the peoples of the USSR;
• for particularly important services in the defense of the socialist Fatherland, strengthening the defense capability of the USSR;
• for outstanding revolutionary, state and socio-political activities;
• for particularly important services in the development of friendship and cooperation between the peoples of the Soviet Union and other states;
• for particularly outstanding services in strengthening the socialist community, developing the international communist, labor and national liberation movements, in the struggle for peace, democracy and social progress;
• for other particularly outstanding services to the Soviet state and society.

1. As a rule, individuals whose selfless work has previously been recognized by other orders can be nominated for the Order of Lenin for labor merits.
2. The Order of Lenin is awarded to persons awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, as well as cities and fortresses that have been awarded the title “Hero City” and the title “Fortress Hero,” respectively.
3. The Order of Lenin is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other orders of the USSR, is placed in front of them.

Description of the order

The Order of Lenin is a sign depicting a medallion portrait of V.I. Lenin made of platinum, placed in a circle framed by a gold wreath of ears of wheat. The dark gray enamel background around the medallion portrait is smooth and bordered by two concentric gold rims, between which is ruby ​​red enamel. On the left side of the wreath there is a five-pointed star, below there is a hammer and sickle, and on the right at the top of the wreath there is an unfolded banner of the red banner. The star, hammer and sickle and banner are covered with ruby-red enamel and bordered along the contour with gold rims. On the banner is the inscription in gold letters “LENIN”.

The Order of Lenin is made of gold, the applied bas-relief of V.I. Lenin is made of platinum. The pure gold in the order is 28.604±1.1 g, platinum - 2.75 g (as of September 18, 1975). The total weight of the order is 33.6±1.75 g. The height of the order is 40.5 mm, the width of the order is 38 mm, the diameter of the portrait medallion is 25 mm.

The order, using an eyelet and a ring, is connected to a pentagonal block covered with a silk moire ribbon 24 mm wide, in the middle of the ribbon there is a longitudinal red stripe, 16 mm wide, along the edges of the middle strip there are two golden stripes 1.5 mm wide, then two red stripes of 1 each, 5 mm, and two golden stripes 1 mm wide.

Types of Orders of Lenin

The first type of the Order of Lenin

First view was established by a decision of the USSR Central Executive Committee on May 23, 1930. Lenin was depicted in the center, looking to the left. Factories were located against its background. Under his head was a tractor, which almost completely covered Vladimir Ilyich’s shoulders. Then there was a small gold band in the shape of a circle. Outside the rim there were ears of wheat. “USSR” is written in gold on the bottom, and a hammer and sickle in the form of state symbols is stamped on top. When creating this order, the following standards were applied:

• metal – 925 sterling silver and 900 sterling gold;
• height – 38 mm;
• width – 37.5 mm;
• circulation – 700 copies.

Stopped production orders of the first type due to the fact that some other awards used more gold than the country's highest award.

Second type of the Order of Lenin

Order of Lenin, second type was established on September 27, 1934. For him only the width and height standards were changed. They were 38 mm and 38.5 mm, respectively. Gold was 750 standard.

On the second Order of Lenin Lenin was also depicted looking to the left. He is dressed in a suit. The portrait is surrounded by a golden circle. Ears of wheat, as in the first type of order, are made of gold. But at the top of the reward is a red flag. It says "LENIN" on it. The flagpole is the highest point of the award. On the left is a red five-pointed star, and below is a hammer and sickle. The order was fastened with three special rivets installed on the reverse smooth side.

Third type of the Order of Lenin

Third type of the Order of Lenin outwardly it completely repeats the previously adopted one, but its height could vary from 38 mm to 39 mm. Gold began to be used in 950 standard. The bas-relief of Lenin was a separate piece, which was made of platinum. Previously, the entire order was a solid silver product. The weight of the award was 2.4 – 2.75 grams. This award was issued from June 11, 1936 to June 19, 1943. Fastening was carried out using 3 rivets.

Fourth type of the Order of Lenin

Fourth type of the Order of Lenin has been changed significantly. It was awarded on June 19, 1943. It is worth noting that all orders of previous types were replaced by type IV orders.

Externally, the award completely copies the third type, but the way it is attached to the chest has changed. And the order had a special small eyelet, which was connected to a ring on moire ribbons. Thus, the order turned into a medal, and wearing it on the chest became much easier.

When creating the last type of Order of Lenin, they used the following standards:

• metal - gold (28.6 grams) and platinum (2.75 grams);
• weight – 33.6 grams;
• width of moiré tape – 24 mm, width of longitudinal red stripe 16
• mm, two golden stripes – 1.5 mm;
• height – 43 – 45 mm;
• width – 38 mm;
• The diameter of the medallion with the image of Lenin is 28 mm.

Fifth type of the Order of Lenin

The fifth type of the Order of Lenin was awarded from 1950 to 1991. The shape of the order is almost oval, width 38 mm and height 45. There have been minor changes in the stamps on the reverse side of the order. It is worth noting that on the back of every medaltypes the serial number of the award was knocked out, which corresponded to the number in the state register.

First awards

• As soon as the decree establishing the new order was published, several factory Komsomol organizations in Leningrad immediately came up with a proposal: for services in educating young people, the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda should be awarded the Order of Lenin, the fifth anniversary of which was to be celebrated on May 24, 1930. The initiative of the Leningrad Komsomol members was supported by the youth of many other cities and villages of the country. On May 23, 1930, Komsomolskaya Pravda was awarded this award.
• The first holders of the Order of Lenin were advanced workers - miner S. Filimonov, mechanic A. Vysokolov, foreman I. Grachkov, shock worker S. Sidorov.
• The first holders of the Order of Lenin in the Armed Forces of the USSR were sappers of the North Caucasus Military District - corps engineer K. S. Kalugin, company commander V. A. Kopylov, squad commander V. N. Emelyanov, demolition sappers N. I. Evsikov and V. A. Kiprov. They put out an unprecedented fire that broke out in the Maikop oil fields in May 1930. Hundreds of people fought the fire for almost a year. The fire raged over an area of ​​several square kilometers and was pacified only on April 7, 1931.
• For the early implementation of the five-year plan, the Azneft and Grozneft oil associations and a group of oil workers were awarded the Order of Lenin. This award was also awarded to S. M. Kirov, under whose leadership the oil industry of Baku was restored in the early 1920s.
• In 1932, the Order of Lenin was awarded to the Stalingrad and Kharkov tractor plants and a number of other enterprises. These were gigantic factories, built in the shortest possible time literally from scratch. The awards were given to their most active builders and workers. And in August of the same year, the 23rd Red Banner Rifle Division was awarded the Order of Lenin “for active assistance in the construction of the Kharkov Tractor Plant.”
• Among the first collective farmers to receive the Order of Lenin was K. L. Denisov. The son of a poor peasant, a farm laborer himself from an early age, he organized 18 collective farms, and led one of them for many years.
• In February 1933, the 25th Red Banner Chapaev Rifle Division was awarded this award for outstanding achievements on the economic front.
• In the spring of the same year, for the defeat of the Basmachi gang that invaded the territory of the USSR, and the heroism shown in this case, the Red Army soldier of the 11th Khorezm regiment Roman Panchenko was awarded the Order of Lenin. This was the first award of the Order of Lenin for military distinction. On May 17, Red Army soldier R. Panchenko was surrounded during a battle with the Basmachi and, having fired all his cartridges, found himself unarmed. When the bandits rushed towards him to capture him, the brave warrior snatched the saber from the scabbard of one of the Basmachi and put the enemies to flight.
• With the beginning of the Stakhanov movement, the Order of Lenin became an award awarded to the most famous and authoritative leaders of production - innovators in various sectors of the national economy. Among the first recipients are miners Nikita Izotov and Alexey Stakhanov, weavers Maria and Evdokia Vinogradov, machinist Pyotr Krivonos, tractor driver Praskovya Angelina, and beet grower Maria Demchenko. These were people whose names were known throughout the country, whose labor achievements were an example for millions.

Sailors awarded the Order of Lenin

Afanasyev Ivan Ivanovich was awarded the Gold Star medal, 2 Orders of Lenin, etc. During the Great Patriotic War, he was captain of the timber carrier “Old Bolshevik,” attached to the Northern Fleet. At the end of May 1942, a timber carrier loaded with military equipment, ammunition and gasoline was en route from Reykjavik (Iceland) to Murmansk as part of an allied convoy and was attacked and set on fire by fascist planes. One of the bombs hit the ship. The captain refused the offer of the English command to leave the ship. The convoy left, leaving a burning timber truck. The crew saved their ship from the fire, repaired the damage and delivered the cargo to Murmansk.

Vershinin Fedor Grigorievich was awarded 2 Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, etc. Awarded during the Soviet-Finnish war. Commanded the submarine Shch-311. He made 1 military campaign during which he sank 2 ships, another one was probably damaged. On February 7, 1940, he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

Kalinin Fedor Alekseevich was awarded the Gold Star medal and the Order of Lenin. November 17, 1943 was for the heroic feat shown during the crossing of the Kerch Strait, the capture of a bridgehead on the Kerch Peninsula.

Petrovsky Konstantin Maksimovich was awarded the Gold Star medal, the Order of Lenin, and the Order of the Red Star. In May 1942, as part of the crew of the motor ship “Old Bolshevik”, he participated in convoy PQ‑16, traveling from the port of Reykjavik to Murmansk. Over the course of 3 days, the crew repelled 47 attacks from German aircraft. The bombs hit the hold and a fire broke out, threatening the explosion of ammunition and the death of the ship. For many hours in a row, P., in fire and smoke, fought for the survivability of the ship together with the sailors. The ship was saved and arrived at the port on its own.

Shumsky Alexey Denisovich was awarded the Gold Star medal and the Order of Lenin. On November 1, 1943, at the head of a platoon, together with the 386th separate marine battalion, he landed on the northern outskirts of the village of Eltigen. The platoon stormed heights 47.7, which provided cover for the left flank of the battalion. During the day we held the height, repelling a large number of enemy counterattacks. Shumsky died in this battle.

Price of the Order of Lenin

Today prices for the Order of Lenin start from:

• 1930-34 Type 1 “Tractor” on a propeller ≈800 pcs. – 50000 USD
• 1934-35 Type 2 “Golden head” on a screw ≈2000 pcs. – 8000 USD
• 1935-36 Type 3 “Silver head” on screw ≈5700 pcs. – 8000 USD
• 1936-43 Type 4 “Platinum head” on screw ≈11705 pcs. – 4000 USD
• 1943-56 Type 5 “Round” on block ≈160,000 pcs. – 1200 USD
• 1957-91 Type 6 “Oval” on block ≈400,000 pcs. – 1705 USD

The order of Lenin

The order of Lenin- the highest award of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, for exceptional achievements and outstanding services - established on April 6, 1930.

History of the award

The history of the award dates back to July 8, 1926, when the head of the Main Directorate of the Red Army V.N. Levichev proposed creating a new award, which was to become the highest military insignia - the “Order of Ilyich.” It was supposed to be issued to persons who already had four Orders of the Red Banner. The original draft of the order was not accepted, but the need became clear to create the highest award of the Soviet Union, awarded for both military and civil merits.

Work on the Order of Lenin was resumed at the beginning of 1930. The work was entrusted to the Moscow Goznak factory. The sketch of the project was based on a photograph of Lenin taken at the Second Congress of the Comintern in Moscow by photographer Viktor Bulla in July - August 1920, where Vladimir Ilyich is captured in left profile. In the same year, the first insignia of the Order of Lenin were produced at the Goznak factory.

The order was established by a resolution of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on April 6, and its statute was established on May 5, 1930. The statute of the order and its description were amended by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated September 27, 1934, Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Council dated June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947. By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 28, 1980, the statute of the order was approved in its final edition.

Statute of the award

The Order of Lenin is awarded

citizens of the USSR, enterprises, associations, institutions, organizations, military units, warships, formations and associations, union and autonomous republics, territories, regions, autonomous regions, autonomous districts, districts, cities and other populated areas. The Order of Lenin can also be awarded to persons who are not citizens of the USSR, as well as enterprises, institutions, organizations, and settlements of foreign states.

Reasons for awarding

• for exceptional achievements and successes in the field of economic, scientific, technical and socio-cultural development of Soviet society, increasing the efficiency and quality of work, for outstanding services in strengthening the power of the Soviet state, the fraternal friendship of the peoples of the USSR;
• for particularly important services in the defense of the socialist Fatherland, strengthening the defense capability of the USSR;
• for outstanding revolutionary, state and socio-political activities;
• for particularly important services in the development of friendship and cooperation between the peoples of the Soviet Union and other states;
• for particularly outstanding services in strengthening the socialist community, developing the international communist, labor and national liberation movements, in the struggle for peace, democracy and social progress;
• for other particularly outstanding services to the Soviet state and society.

Wearing order

The Order of Lenin is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other orders of the USSR, is placed in front of them.

Description of the award

Over the more than 70-year history of the order, its appearance, materials and manufacturing parameters have changed several times. Among the various variants of the order, there are five main types.

Type I

The first type of the Order of Lenin was approved on May 23, 1930. The badge of the Order of Lenin from 1930 was a round medallion portrait with a bas-relief of Lenin in the center and an industrial landscape in the background. Under the bas-relief of Lenin there was an image of a tractor. The medallion was surrounded by an applied gold rim, which was attached by soldering. On the front side, the gold rim had a groove filled with ruby ​​red enamel. Around the medallion, outside the gold rim, there were ears of wheat, on which a gilded sickle and hammer were superimposed in the upper part of the sign, and in the lower part - the inscription “USSR”. The letters of the inscription are made of gold and covered with red enamel.

The badge was made of 925 sterling silver. Dimensions: height - 38 mm, width - 37.5 mm.

The Order of Lenin of the first type was issued until February 1932. One of the reasons for the cessation of issuing orders of this type was that other USSR awards and even some breastplates were decorated with richer colored enamels than the country's main award.

About 700 orders of the first type were issued

Type II

Due to the absence of the main proletarian symbols on the order - the red star and the red banner, it was decided to slightly change the appearance of the sign.

The new statute of the Order of Lenin was approved by the Decree of the USSR Central Executive Committee of September 27, 1934. The main material of manufacture was replaced with 750 gold. The images of a tractor, an industrial landscape and the inscription “USSR” were removed from the front side. The new type of order featured a red banner with the inscription “LENIN” and a red star. The hammer and sickle from the top part of the order moved to the bottom part. The red banner, red star, sickle and hammer on the second type badge are covered with ruby ​​red enamel. The central round medallion portrait with the image of the leader is silver plated. The ears around the medallion have a natural gold surface.

Dimensions: height - 38.5 mm, width - 38 mm.

III type

The main change compared to the previous version of the order was that now the bas-relief of Lenin was made of platinum as a separate part (the weight of the bas-relief ranged from 2.4 to 2.75 g) and was attached to the order using three rivets. The surface of the main medallion of the order began to be covered with gray-blue enamel. Also, 950 gold was used to make the order.

Dimensions: height - 38-39 mm, width - 38 mm.

IV type

The decree of June 19, 1943 established the order of wearing orders that had an oval or round shape - on the left side of the chest on pentagonal pads covered with the ribbon of the order. At the same time, due to the sharp increase in the number of orders of the USSR and the number of awards, the wearing of stripes with moire ribbons was introduced instead of orders. Thus, after June 19, 1943, the Order of Lenin acquired an eyelet in the upper part of the order sign, into which a ring was threaded, connected to a pentagonal block. From the new order of wearing it followed that all old orders were subject to replacement while maintaining the serial number indicated in the order book. The bulk of orders of types I-III were replaced after the end of the Great Patriotic War.

V type

The fifth type of the order was awarded to recipients from the 50s until the collapse of the USSR in 1991. The vertical size of the order is slightly larger than that of the previous type, the shape of the order is closer to an oval. The height of the order is 45 mm (including the eyelet in the upper part), the width of the order is 38 mm. On the reverse of the order, in its central part, there is a shallow depression in the shape of a regular circle with a diameter of more than 20 mm.

Appearance of the Order of Lenin from the latest edition of the statute dated March 28, 1980

The Order of Lenin is a sign depicting a medallion portrait of V.I. Lenin made of platinum, placed in a circle framed by a gold wreath of ears of wheat. The dark gray enamel background around the medallion portrait is smooth and bordered by two concentric gold rims, between which ruby ​​red enamel is laid. On the left side of the wreath there is a five-pointed star, below there is a hammer and sickle, and on the right at the top of the wreath there is an unfolded banner of the red banner. The star, hammer and sickle and banner are covered with ruby-red enamel and bordered along the contour with gold rims. On the banner is the inscription in gold letters “LENIN”.

Examples of awards

• The first award of the Order of Lenin was made on May 23, 1930. The Order of Lenin No. 1 was awarded to the newspaper “Komsomolskaya Pravda” for “active assistance in increasing the pace of socialist construction and in connection with the fifth anniversary of its founding.”
• The first person awarded was Avel Sofornovich Enukidze.
• The first military team to be awarded was the 23rd Red Banner Rifle Division on August 5, 1932, in connection with its tenth anniversary and “for Bolshevik examples of active assistance in the construction of the Kharkov Tractor Plant named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze.”
• The first to be awarded for military merit was Roman Panchenko, a Red Army soldier of the 1st division of the 11th Khorezm cavalry regiment of the OGPU, who distinguished himself in battles with the Basmachi in the spring of 1933. The order was awarded to him on October 29 of the same year.
• The first scientist to receive the Order of Lenin was I.V. Michurin in June 1931, among cultural figures - Maxim Gorky (September 17, 1932), among painters - Isaac Brodsky (March 28, 1934).
• On April 20, 1934, participants in the operation to rescue the expedition of the steamer Chelyuskin were awarded the Order of Lenin.
• For the first time, the crew members of the Osoaviakhim-1 balloon were awarded the Order of Lenin posthumously. On January 30, 1934, the balloon reached a record altitude of 22,000 meters, but as a result of extremely difficult weather conditions, the device became icy and fell in Mordovia. All three crew members - commander P. F. Fedoseenko, balloon designer A. B. Vasenko and physicist I. D. Usyskin died in the disaster.
• The first holder of two Orders of Lenin was the pilot V.P. Chkalov on July 24, 1936.

Order of Lenin and Gold Star Medal

The highest degree of distinction in the USSR - the title Hero of the Soviet Union was established on April 16, 1934. However, there was no insignia for this title, and the assignment of the title was initially accompanied only by the presentation of a Certificate of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. On July 29, 1936, those awarded this title began to be awarded the Order of Lenin, but since they continued to look no different from the rest of the recipients, on August 1, 1939, the Gold Star medal was established. Subsequently, the practice of awarding the Certificate, Star and Order of Lenin continued until the collapse of the USSR; (the same practice was introduced when conferring the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the presentation of a Certificate, the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle star).

Order of Lenin in the Armed Forces of the USSR

In the 30s, military units and units were awarded the Order of Lenin. In 1932, the Order of Lenin was awarded to the 25th Infantry Division named after V.I. Chapaev “for heroic exploits in socialist construction and excellent success in combat and political training.” In the same year, the 23rd Rifle Division was awarded the Order of Lenin “for active participation in the construction of the KhTZ (Kharkov Tractor Plant) and the labor heroism of its personnel.” In 1934, the 30th Irkutsk Rifle Division named after the All-Russian Central Executive Committee was awarded the Order of Lenin. In 1935, the Order of Lenin was awarded to the 44th Cavalry Division of the First Cavalry Army. Zhukov G.K., who commanded the 44th Cavalry Division at that time, was also awarded the Order of Lenin.

For participation in the defeat of the Japanese militarists on the Khalkhin Gol River in the summer of 1939, the Orders of Lenin were awarded to the 36th motorized rifle division of brigade commander Petrov, the 11th tank brigade of brigade commander Yakovlev, the 7th motorized armored brigade of Major Lesovoy, the 100th high-speed bomber aviation brigade of Colonel Shevchenko, the 24th motorized rifle regiment of Colonel Fedyuninsky, the 175th artillery regiment of Colonel Polyansky, a separate anti-tank division of the 36th motorized rifle division and a separate special purpose tank company.

During the Great Patriotic War, about 41 thousand people were awarded high awards (of which about 36 thousand were for military merit), and 207 military units attached the Order of Lenin to their banners. During the war years, the Order of Lenin was also awarded to military educational institutions for the training of command personnel. On June 4, 1944, a Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was issued on the awarding of orders and medals for long service in the Red Army and the Red Army, and on September 16, instructions appeared on the procedure for awarding, which was carried out twice a year - on May 1 and November 7. The Order of Lenin was awarded to command personnel, officers and long-term servicemen who had served impeccably in the Red Army and the Red Army for 25 years. This order was maintained until September 14, 1957, when the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was issued, abolishing awards for long service, but as an exception, the awarding of the Order of Lenin upon retirement “for exceptional merit” was retained. But after some time, awarding orders for anniversaries and anniversaries became a practice.

Sailors awarded the Order of Lenin

Afanasyev Ivan Ivanovich was awarded the Gold Star medal, 2 Orders of Lenin, etc. During the Great Patriotic War, he was the captain of the timber carrier “Old Bolshevik,” attached to the Northern Fleet. At the end of May 1942, a timber carrier loaded with military equipment, ammunition and gasoline traveled from Reykjavik (Iceland) to Murmansk as part of an allied convoy and was attacked and set on fire by Nazi planes. One of the bombs hit the ship. The captain refused the offer of the English command to leave the ship. The convoy left, leaving a burning timber truck. The crew saved their ship from the fire, repaired the damage and delivered the cargo to Murmansk.

Vershinin Fedor Grigorievich was awarded 2 Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, etc. Awarded during the Soviet-Finnish war. Commanded the submarine "Shch-311". He completed 1 combat campaign during which he sank 2 ships, another one was probably damaged. On February 7, 1940, he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

Kalinin Fedor Alekseevich was awarded the Gold Star medal and the Order of Lenin. November 17, 1943 was for the heroic feat shown during the crossing of the Kerch Strait, the capture of a bridgehead on the Kerch Peninsula.

Petrovsky Konstantin Maksimovich was awarded the Gold Star medal, the Order of Lenin, and the Order of the Red Star. In May 1942, as part of the crew of the motor ship “Old Bolshevik”, he participated in convoy PQ‑16, traveling from the port of Reykjavik to Murmansk. Over the course of 3 days, the crew repelled 47 attacks from German aircraft. The bombs hit the hold and a fire broke out, threatening the explosion of ammunition and the death of the ship. For many hours in a row, P., in fire and smoke, fought for the survivability of the ship together with the sailors. The ship was saved and arrived at the port on its own.

Shumsky Alexey Denisovich was awarded the Gold Star medal and the Order of Lenin. On November 1, 1943, at the head of a platoon, together with the 386th separate marine battalion, he landed on the northern outskirts of the village of Eltigen. The platoon stormed heights 47.7, which provided cover for the left flank of the battalion. During the day we held the height, repelling a large number of enemy counterattacks. Shumsky died in this battle.

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