Sentences with the verb faire. Faire in French

In modern French, there are verbs that are indispensable for the everyday speech of native speakers. The polysemous faire also applies to them, the conjugation of which should be one of the first to remember.

The meaning of the verb

French beginners mostly use only 2-3 faire meanings: "to do" and "to do something."

Ce soir je suis occupé, je dois faire mes devoirs. - I'm busy tonight, I have to do my homework.
Elle fait de la musique toute sa vie. - She has been making music all her life.

In addition to these meanings, faire has such as “create, create”, “order”, “force”, “act”, “harmonize” (for example, about clothes), as well as many colloquial options. Faire is also found in many steady phrases and in impersonal expressions describing weather events, everyday activities, and playing musical instruments.

Indicative

Let's look at the main tense forms of the verb faire. Present conjugation is based on fai- in all persons and numbers, except for the ils / elles font form. Also, the verb has a special form - vous faites.

In Imparfait, the endings are added to the fais- stem, with the alternation of vowels in the endings: -ai- appears in front of unpronounceable letters, and the vowel -i- precedes the pronounced endings -ons, -ez, which is typical for all verbs in this tense.

In Futur, the consonant -r- (fer-) appears at the base, all endings are pronounced.

Passé The composé of this verb is constructed with the auxiliary avoir and the participle fait. The same participle occurs in all difficult tenses and in the conditional mood of the past tense.

Faire in Passé Simple is needed when reading fiction, it is not used in oral speech. In this case, the forms will have to be memorized, because nothing remains of the initial form, except for the first letter. It should be remembered that the plural forms 1 and 2 have a "cap" - accent circonflexe (î).

Conditional and subjunctive mood faire

The conjugation of the verb in these moods is needed when it comes to actions caused by any factors, about possible or desired actions. For example:

Si tu savais cette règle, tu ne ferais pas tant de fautes. - If you knew the rule, you would not make so many mistakes (Conditionnel présent in the main sentence)
Si Pauline était venue à six heures, tu auraisfait tes devoirs avec elle. - If Polina came at 6, you would do your homework with her (Conditionnel passé in the main sentence)
Je veux qu'elle fasse des devoirs avec moi. - I want her to do her homework with me (Subjonctif présent in the subordinate clause).

Consider how each of these times is formed.

Conditionnel forms of the present tense are used to denote actions related to the present or future tense. For verbs of the 3rd group, the stem coincides with the stem in Futur simple (fer-), and the endings are the same as in Imparfait (tu ferais). In the past tense, the auxiliary verb avoir in the Conditionnel present form and the conjugated verb in the Participle passé form (tu aurais fait) are needed.

The use of the subjunctive mood in speech allows you to express your attitude, assess what is happening, report the desired or probable actions. Subjonctif is commonly found in subordinate clauses and depends on the verb in the main clause. Of the 4 forms, Present du subjonctif is considered the most used, the rest are much less common in oral speech. faire in this mood does not happen according to the rules, it should be remembered: fass- acts as the basis. The subjunctive verb is almost always preceded by que (qu'elle fasse).

Imperative mood

As in Russian, this mood is used to express requests, wishes, prohibitions or commands. It has 3 forms that coincide with the corresponding forms of Présent de l'Indicatif (for faire, the conjugation will be as follows: fais, faisons, faites), while sentences do not use personal pronouns. For example:

Fais la vasselle, s'il te plait. - Wash the dishes, please.
Faisons du tennis. - Let's play tennis.
Faites de la bicyclette, les enfants. - Go for a bike ride, kids.

For negative requests or prohibitions, it is enough to put negative particles ne… pas (or ne… jamais, ne… plus, ne… rien, etc.) before and after the verb, respectively.

Ne me fais pas peur. - Do not scare me.

By taking a little time to study this verb, you can significantly enrich your speech with new useful phrases.

Phrases " faire, laisser + infinitif"Are causative constructs in which faire and laisser acquire modal knowledge: faire - encourage to carry out the action indicated by the infinitive; laisser - do not interfere performing the action indicated by the infinitive.

a) For correct interpretation faire + infinitif one should first of all take into account the fact that the subject fаire and the subject of the infinitive do not match. The transformation of a sentence with this construction leads to a subject-object reconstruction, and the subject of the action denoted by the infinitive is the direct or indirect object of the original construction.

or

Let's compare: Je lui ferai partir.\u003d Je ferai (de la sorte) qu’Il parte... I'll make him leave. \u003d I will make it so that he leaves.

It should be remembered that an infinitive construction cannot have two direct objects, therefore, if an infinitive construction has a direct object, an implicit (implied, unexpressed) semantic object of the infinitive has an indirect form.

For example: Vous faites dire à Cicéron une chose? qu'il n'a jamais dite.You attribute to Cicero words he never uttered.

Je lui ferai examiner cette affaire... I will instruct him to consider this case.

If the infinitive construction has no direct object, the implicit semantic subject of the infinitive can be in direct and indirect forms. For example:

Personne au monde ne le (lui) fera changer d'avis. ...No one in the world will force him to change his mind.

Consider Russian equivalents faire + infinitif:

and. Faire + infinitif with the meaning of an order to perform an action in Russian corresponds to the verbs to order, to force, to compel in the same form as fаire, + the lexical equivalent of the infinitive. For example:

Faites -le obéir.Makeobey him.

It should be noted, however, that faire is capable of denoting very different degrees of motivation, which are specified by the situation (context). Compare:

faire entrer un accusé dans la salle d'audience -to introduceprisonerinhallmeetings

faire entrer un invité au salon - priglasit (to carry out) guest in the statemuddy

The equivalent of the construction is chosen, thus, taking into account the context and lexical meanings of the infinitive, its subject and object. It can be, for example, a verb in a personal form or a verb phrase, the semantics of which is formed as if from two components: to force - an analogue of faire - and the lexical equivalent of an infinitive. For example:

faire acheter instruct to buy smth.

faire comprendre explain

faire croire instill, assure

faire dire pass

faire manger feed

faire penser suggest

faire remarquer point to smth.; attract smb. Attention

faire rire make me laugh, make me laugh

faire sourire make a smile

faire savoir report, notify

faire sortir withdraw

faire suivre forward

faire venir call, invite, enter

When translating faire + infinitif, a periphrastic turnover can be used, consisting of the verb give in the same form as fairе, + the lexical equivalent of the infinitive. For example:

Ellea fait lire a mon fils les lettres de ton mari.Itgavemysonreadlettersyourhusband.

When translating fаire + infinitif with an addition, a subject-object transformation is possible, for example, this happens when translating the construction fаire + infinitif, when the subject of the construction is an abstract noun. The subject of the original sentence in such cases is transformed into a prepositional adverbial word; direct addition of the infinitive - to the subject of a Russian sentence; the predicate is the lexical equivalent of the infinitive in the same form as fаire:

L’é motion le fit crier... With excitement, he screamed (screamed). (Compare: Excitement made him scream.)

A similar transformation can take place inside a complex sentence, while the lexical equivalent of the infinitive can be transposed into a participle. For example:

Pablo retenait son souffle. Il fouillait la nuit de sesyeux que le froid faisait pleurerPabloharboredbreath.He stared intently into the night with his eyes watery with cold (who were watery from the cold).

Faire + reflexive verb

A reflexive verb is used without a reflexive pronoun, especially if the verb exists only in reflexive form. For example:

Faire repentir qn - make smb. Repent

Faire asseoir qn - to seat

Faire taire qn - silence

Faire évanouir qn:

La peur l'a fait évanouir. She passed out from fear.

Faire dresser les cheveux sur la tête:

Cette histoire fait dresser les cheveux sur la tête. From this story, the hair stands on end on the head.

Verbs that can be used in both reflexive and non-reflexive forms are used mainly with reflexive pronouns, so if you omit it, the meaning of the construction changes:

Ej l'ai fait se retourner.I made him turn around.

Je l’ ai fait retourner... I made him

Although the verb faire in French does not play a leading grammatical role, it is used quite often, as a rule, in stable formed phrases. For example, "Il fait beau" - when they talk about good weather; "Faire des progrès" is about success, "faire attention à" is about focusing attention on someone or something, etc. In general, this word has quite a lot of meanings, but for the first time (while you are just starting to master the linguistic wisdom), you can remember the main ones - “do something” and “do”.

In addition, this incorrect part of speech has meanings such as "force", "order", "create", and speaking about how they are dressed, they use the meaning of "harmonize". Infinitive - Présent - faire; Passé - avoir fait. The present participle formed from it has the form "faisant", the form of the past tense - "fait". Various variants of this part of speech, in addition to fixed expressions, are most often found in descriptions of the weather, daily activities, etc. An example of phrases denoting an activity:

faire du progrès - make progress
faire un voyage - to travel

Conjugation of the verb faire in French

Conjugation of the verb faire in French in any form does not differ from the changes in its derivatives. Understanding such material will help you better understand how the conjugation of the verb faire and its other features are formed. For example, "Contrefaire" - to counterfeit, "Parfaire" - to improve, "Défaire" - to cancel, etc. The present conjugation of faire is fai- regardless of the number and person, except for the ils / elles font form. Endings are added to the body fais- (incomplete past tense). The grammar here has the following peculiarity - if sounds are not pronounced, -ai- is placed before them, and for pronounced -ons, -ez, the preceding vowel -i- is used.

When you see -r- (fer-) - this is a simple future tense, there are no unpronounceable endings in this case. The auxiliary words avoir and fait are used to form Passé Composé (a group of complex past tense). The conjugation and declension of the verb faire in the past completed tense must be known in order to read fiction. Does not occur in oral speech. In any case, the verb faire and its main features will need to be learned and memorized, because this will not only enrich your speech, but also make it easy to master the basics of everyday French communication.